頓
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See also: 顿
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Translingual
[edit]Han character
[edit]頓 (Kangxi radical 181, 頁+4, 13 strokes, cangjie input 心山一月金 (PUMBC), four-corner 51786, composition ⿰屯頁)
Derived characters
[edit]References
[edit]- Kangxi Dictionary: page 1401, character 11
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 43381
- Dae Jaweon: page 1918, character 2
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 7, page 4360, character 5
- Unihan data for U+9813
Chinese
[edit]trad. | 頓 | |
---|---|---|
simp. | 顿 |
Glyph origin
[edit]Historical forms of the character 頓 | |
---|---|
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) |
Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
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Old Chinese | |
---|---|
躉 | *tuːnʔ |
窀 | *rduːn, *duːn, *tun |
沌 | *donʔ, *duːn, *duːnʔ |
盹 | *tuːnʔ, *tjuns |
頓 | *tuːns |
扽 | *tuːns |
黗 | *tʰuːn, *tʰuːnʔ |
吨 | *tʰuːnʔ |
屯 | *duːn, *tun |
飩 | *duːn |
豘 | *duːn |
軘 | *duːn |
坉 | *duːn |
邨 | *duːn, *stʰuːn |
忳 | *duːn |
芚 | *duːn |
庉 | *duːn, *duːnʔ |
囤 | *duːnʔ |
迍 | *tun |
杶 | *tʰun |
瑃 | *tʰun |
椿 | *tʰun |
偆 | *tʰunʔ, *tʰjunʔ |
肫 | *tjun |
訰 | *tjun, *tjuns |
純 | *tjunʔ, *djun |
春 | *tʰjun |
蠢 | *tʰjunʔ |
踳 | *tʰjunʔ |
惷 | *tʰjunʔ |
蒓 | *djun |
賰 | *hljunʔ |
鬊 | *hljuns |
Etymology 1
[edit]- “tired”
- From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *r-t(u/i)l (“buttocks; heel; dull; blunt; rounded part”); cognate with Tibetan རྟུལ (rtul, “dull”) (STEDT; Schuessler, 2007; Hill, 2014).
This etymology is incomplete. You can help Wiktionary by elaborating on the origins of this term.
Pronunciation 1
[edit]- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): deon6
- Hakka (Sixian, PFS): tun
- Northern Min (KCR): dō̤ng
- Eastern Min (BUC): dóng
- Southern Min
- Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): 5ten
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄉㄨㄣˋ
- Tongyong Pinyin: dùn
- Wade–Giles: tun4
- Yale: dwùn
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: duenn
- Palladius: дунь (dunʹ)
- Sinological IPA (key): /tu̯ən⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: deon6
- Yale: deuhn
- Cantonese Pinyin: doen6
- Guangdong Romanization: dên6
- Sinological IPA (key): /tɵn²²/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: tun
- Hakka Romanization System: dun
- Hagfa Pinyim: dun4
- Sinological IPA: /tun⁵⁵/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
- Kienning Colloquial Romanized: dō̤ng
- Sinological IPA (key): /tɔŋ⁵⁵/
- (Jian'ou)
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: dóng
- Sinological IPA (key): /touŋ²¹³/
- (Fuzhou)
- Southern Min
Note:
- tùn - literary;
- tǹg/tùiⁿ - vernacular (“to stamp the ground (Mainland China); classifier for meals; meal; to stamp; to strike; to fall on one's buttocks; to place a heavy object on a flat platform; to have a trial of strength”).
- Dialectal data
Variety | Location | 頓 |
---|---|---|
Mandarin | Beijing | /tuən⁵¹/ |
Harbin | /tuən⁵³/ | |
Tianjin | /tuən⁵³/ | |
Jinan | /tuẽ²¹/ | |
Qingdao | /tuə̃⁴²/ | |
Zhengzhou | /tuən³¹²/ | |
Xi'an | /tuẽ⁴⁴/ | |
Xining | /tuə̃²¹³/ | |
Yinchuan | /tuŋ¹³/ | |
Lanzhou | /tũn¹³/ | |
Ürümqi | /tuŋ²¹³/ | |
Wuhan | /tən³⁵/ | |
Chengdu | /tən¹³/ | |
Guiyang | /ten²¹³/ | |
Kunming | /tuə̃²¹²/ | |
Nanjing | /tun⁴⁴/ | |
Hefei | /tən⁵³/ | |
Jin | Taiyuan | /tuəŋ⁴⁵/ |
Pingyao | /tuŋ¹³/ | |
Hohhot | /tũŋ⁵⁵/ | |
Wu | Shanghai | /təŋ³⁵/ |
Suzhou | /tən⁵¹³/ | |
Hangzhou | /ten⁴⁴⁵/ | |
Wenzhou | /taŋ⁴²/ | |
Hui | Shexian | /tʌ̃³²⁴/ |
Tunxi | /tuːə⁴²/ | |
Xiang | Changsha | /tən⁵⁵/ |
Xiangtan | /tən⁵⁵/ | |
Gan | Nanchang | /tɨn⁴⁵/ |
Hakka | Meixian | /tun³¹/ |
Taoyuan | /tun³¹/ | |
Cantonese | Guangzhou | /tøn²²/ |
Nanning | /tɐn²²/ | |
Hong Kong | /tøn²²/ | |
Min | Xiamen (Hokkien) | /tun²¹/ /tŋ̍²¹/ |
Fuzhou (Eastern Min) | /touŋ²¹²/ | |
Jian'ou (Northern Min) | /tɔŋ⁴⁴/ | |
Shantou (Teochew) | /tuŋ³⁵/ /tɯŋ²¹³/ | |
Haikou (Hainanese) | /ʔdun³⁵/ /ʔdun⁵⁵/ /ʔdui³⁵/ |
- Middle Chinese: twonH
- Old Chinese
- (Zhengzhang): /*tuːns/
Definitions
[edit]頓
- to strike downwards to a surface:
- to settle; to halt:
- Other verb uses:
- to pull
- 16th century, chapter 30, in Journey to the West:
- 18th century, Cao Xueqin, chapter 70, in Dream of the Red Chamber:
- 紫鵑笑道:「這一回的勁大,姑娘來放罷。」黛玉聽說,用手帕墊著手,頓了一頓,果然風緊力大 [Written Vernacular Chinese, trad.]
- Zǐjuān xiào dào: “Zhè yī huí de jìn dà, gūniang lái fàng ba.” Dàiyù tīngshuō, yòng shǒupà diàn zhe shǒu, dùn le yī dùn, guǒrán fēng jǐn lì dà [Pinyin]
- (please add an English translation of this quotation)
紫鹃笑道:「这一回的劲大,姑娘来放罢。」黛玉听说,用手帕垫着手,顿了一顿,果然风紧力大 [Written Vernacular Chinese, simp.]
- 19th century, Wenkang, chapter 14, in 兒女英雄傳:
- (Hakka) to hit; to bump into with elbow
- (Southern Min) to strike; to beat; to hit
- (Quanzhou and Xiamen Hokkien) to have a trial of strength or skill; to have a contest; to compete with
- to pull
- Classifier for meals.
- (Southern Min) meal
- 暗頓/暗顿 [Hokkien] ― àm-tǹg [Pe̍h-ōe-jī] ― dinner
- Classifier for beatings, scoldings, etc.
- suddenly; abruptly; all of the sudden
- tired; weary; fatigued; exhausted; strained
- a surname: Dun
Synonyms
[edit]- (to pause):
- 中斷/中断 (zhōngduàn)
- 中止 (zhōngzhǐ)
- 休止 (xiūzhǐ)
- 停 (tíng)
- 停歇 (tíngxiē)
- 停止 (tíngzhǐ)
- 夭閼/夭阏 (yǎo'è)
- 干休 (gānxiū) (literary)
- 放煞 (Min Nan)
- 斷站/断站 (Xiamen Hokkien)
- 斷節/断节 (Xiamen Hokkien)
- 暫停/暂停 (zàntíng) (temporarily)
- 歇 (xiē)
- 止 (zhǐ) (literary, or in compounds)
- 止息 (zhǐxī)
- 止煞 (Xiamen Hokkien, Zhangzhou Hokkien)
- 瀦/潴 (Quanzhou Hokkien)
- 煞 (Hokkien)
- 煞手 (Hokkien)
- 甘休 (gānxiū) (to be willing to give up)
- 終止/终止 (zhōngzhǐ)
- 絕/绝 (jué) (literary, or in compounds)
- 罷/罢
- 罷休/罢休 (bàxiū) (chiefly in the negative)
- 罷手/罢手 (bàshǒu)
- 間斷/间断
- 須/须 (xū) (literary)
- (classifier for meals):
Dialectal synonyms of 頓 (“(classifier for meals)”) [map]
- (classifier for beatings, scoldings, etc.):
Dialectal synonyms of 頓 (“(classifier for beatings, scoldings, etc.)”) [map]
Variety | Location | Words |
---|---|---|
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 頓 | |
Northeastern Mandarin | Beijing | 頓 |
Taiwan | 頓 | |
Singapore | 頓 | |
Jilu Mandarin | Jinan | 頓 |
Central Plains Mandarin | Xi'an | 頓 |
Southwestern Mandarin | Chengdu | 頓 |
Wuhan | 頓 | |
Jianghuai Mandarin | Yangzhou | 頓 |
Hefei | 頓 | |
Cantonese | Guangzhou | 餐 |
Hong Kong | 餐 | |
Yangjiang | 餐 | |
Gan | Nanchang | 餐 |
Hakka | Meixian | 頓 |
Jin | Taiyuan | 頓 |
Northern Min | Jian'ou | 頓 |
Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 回 |
Southern Min | Xiamen | 睏 |
Wu | Suzhou | 頓 |
Wenzhou | 套 | |
Xiang | Changsha | 餐 |
Shuangfeng | 餐 |
- (suddenly):
- 一下 (yīxià)
- 一下子 (yīxiàzi)
- 一舉/一举 (yījǔ)
- 一頭/一头 (yītóu)
- 乍然 (zhàrán) (literary)
- 倏忽 (literary)
- 卒爾/卒尔 (cù'ěr) (literary)
- 忽地 (hūdì)
- 忽然 (hūrán)
- 𢫦𢫦風/𢫦𢫦风 (Hakka)
- 暫/暂 (zàn) (literary)
- 猛 (měng)
- 猛然 (měngrán)
- 猝然 (cùrán)
- 猝爾/猝尔 (cù'ěr) (literary)
- 突然 (tūrán)
- 突然間/突然间 (tūránjiān)
- 豁然 (huòrán) (literary)
- 遽然 (jùrán) (literary)
- 陡 (dǒu) (literary, or in compounds)
- 陡然 (dǒurán)
- 霍然 (huòrán)
- 頓然/顿然 (dùnrán)
- 驀地/蓦地
- 驀然/蓦然 (mòrán) (formal)
- 驟然/骤然 (zhòurán) (literary)
- (tired):
Compounds
[edit]- 一頓/一顿
- 乏頓/乏顿
- 休士頓市/休士顿市
- 來頓/来顿
- 來頓瓶/来顿瓶
- 倒頓/倒顿
- 停頓/停顿 (tíngdùn)
- 刁頓/刁顿
- 勞頓/劳顿 (láodùn)
- 南頓/南顿
- 困頓/困顿 (kùndùn)
- 大吵一頓/大吵一顿
- 委頓/委顿
- 威靈頓/威灵顿 (Wēilíngdùn)
- 安頓/安顿 (āndùn)
- 宿頓/宿顿
- 寄頓/寄顿
- 巴拉頓湖/巴拉顿湖
- 幾頓/几顿
- 惙頓/惙顿
- 抑揚頓挫/抑扬顿挫 (yìyángdùncuò)
- 拊膺頓足/拊膺顿足
- 指手頓腳/指手顿脚
- 捶胸頓腳/捶胸顿脚
- 捶胸頓足/捶胸顿足
- 搓手頓腳/搓手顿脚 (cuōshǒudùnjiǎo)
- 搓手頓足/搓手顿足
- 撧耳頓足/𪮖耳顿足
- 撼頓/撼顿
- 整頓/整顿 (zhěngdùn)
- 斗頓
- 早頓/早顿 (chá-tǹg)
- 暗頓/暗顿 (àm-tǹg)
- 條頓/条顿
- 止頓/止顿
- 沒頓飯時/没顿饭时
- 沉鬱頓挫/沉郁顿挫
- 波士頓/波士顿 (Bōshìdùn)
- 溫布頓/温布顿 (Wēnbùdùn)
- 牛頓/牛顿 (Niúdùn)
- 疲頓/疲顿
- 窩頓/窝顿
- 綿頓/绵顿
- 羸頓/羸顿
- 舟車勞頓/舟车劳顿 (zhōuchēláodùn)
- 茅塞頓開/茅塞顿开 (máosèdùnkāi)
- 荒頓/荒顿
- 華盛頓/华盛顿 (Huáshèngdùn)
- 踣頓/踣顿
- 躓頓/踬顿
- 道爾頓制/道尔顿制
- 陡頓/陡顿
- 鞍馬勞頓/鞍马劳顿 (ānmǎláodùn)
- 頓不脫/顿不脱
- 頓劍搖環/顿剑摇环
- 頓口無言/顿口无言 (dùnkǒuwúyán)
- 頓地/顿地
- 頓失所依/顿失所依
- 頓息/顿息 (dùnxī)
- 頓悟/顿悟 (dùnwù)
- 頓悟前非/顿悟前非
- 頓挫/顿挫 (dùncuò)
- 頓挫抑揚/顿挫抑扬
- 頓捽/顿捽
- 頓放/顿放
- 頓時/顿时 (dùnshí)
- 頓段/顿段
- 頓河/顿河 (Dùn Hé)
- 頓然/顿然 (dùnrán)
- 頓牟/顿牟
- 頓碌/顿碌
- 頓筆/顿笔
- 頓絕/顿绝
- 頓脫/顿脱
- 頓腳/顿脚 (dùnjiǎo)
- 頓號/顿号 (dùnhào)
- 頓衣而走/顿衣而走
- 頓足/顿足 (dùnzú)
- 頓足捶胸/顿足捶胸
- 頓躓/顿踬
- 頓轡/顿辔
- 頓開/顿开
- 頓開茅塞/顿开茅塞
- 頓顙/顿颡
- 頓首/顿首 (dùnshǒu)
- 顛頓/颠顿
- 飽啖一頓/饱啖一顿
Pronunciation 2
[edit]Definitions
[edit]頓
Etymology 2
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄉㄨˊ
- Tongyong Pinyin: dú
- Wade–Giles: tu2
- Yale: dú
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: dwu
- Palladius: ду (du)
- Sinological IPA (key): /tu³⁵/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: duk6
- Yale: duhk
- Cantonese Pinyin: duk9
- Guangdong Romanization: dug6
- Sinological IPA (key): /tʊk̚²/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
Definitions
[edit]頓
Japanese
[edit]Kanji
[edit]頓
Readings
[edit]- Go-on: とん (ton, Jōyō)
- Kan-on: とん (ton, Jōyō)
- Kun: とみに (tomi ni, 頓に); ぬかずく (nukazuku, 頓ずく); つまずく (tsumazuku, 頓く)
Compounds
[edit]Compounds
Korean
[edit]Hanja
[edit]- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
{{rfdef}}
.
Vietnamese
[edit]Han character
[edit]頓: Hán Nôm readings: đốn, đón, nhún, dún, đon, đún, lún, rón
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
{{rfdef}}
.
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