雪
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Translingual
[edit]Stroke order | |||
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Han character
[edit]雪 (Kangxi radical 173, 雨+3, 11 strokes, cangjie input 一月尸一 (MBSM), four-corner 10177 or 10174, composition ⿱⻗𫜹(GJ) or ⿱⻗⺕(HTK))
Derived characters
[edit]References
[edit]- Kangxi Dictionary: page 1371, character 29
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 42216
- Dae Jaweon: page 1878, character 7
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 4058, character 4
- Unihan data for U+96EA
Chinese
[edit]trad. | 雪 | |
---|---|---|
simp. # | 雪 | |
2nd round simp. | 𫜹 | |
alternative forms | 䨮 ancient ⿱⻗慧 |
Glyph origin
[edit]Historical forms of the character 雪 | ||
---|---|---|
Shang | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) |
Oracle bone script | Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
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Ancient simplification of 䨮, which is in turn phono-semantic compound (形聲/形声, OC *sqʰʷed) : semantic 雨 + phonetic 彗 (OC *sɢʷeds, *ɢʷeds, *sɢʷids).
Etymology
[edit]Schuessler (2007) considers this to be related to Kra-Dai words: Proto-Tai *hnəiᴬ¹ (“snow”), Proto-Kam-Sui *ʔnuːi¹ (“snow”).
Starostin reconstructs Proto-Sino-Tibetan *suăt (“snow”), comparing this with Tibetan སད (sad, “frost, cold air, cold, coldness”), but this connection may be unlikely considering the phonetic part of this character.
Pronunciation
[edit]- Mandarin
- (Standard)
- (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): xue2
- (Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): щүә (xüə, I)
- Cantonese
- (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): syut3
- (Taishan, Wiktionary): lhut2
- (Yangjiang, Jyutping++): slit2
- (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): syut3
- Gan (Wiktionary): xyot6
- Hakka
- Jin (Wiktionary): xyeh4
- Northern Min (KCR): sṳĕ
- Eastern Min (BUC): siók
- Southern Min
- Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): 7shiq
- Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): sie6
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, standard in Mainland and Taiwan)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄒㄩㄝˇ
- Tongyong Pinyin: syuě
- Wade–Giles: hsüeh3
- Yale: sywě
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: sheue
- Palladius: сюэ (sjue)
- Sinological IPA (key): /ɕy̯ɛ²¹⁴/
- (Standard Chinese, variant in Taiwan)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄒㄩㄝˋ
- Tongyong Pinyin: syuè
- Wade–Giles: hsüeh4
- Yale: sywè
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shiueh
- Palladius: сюэ (sjue)
- Sinological IPA (key): /ɕy̯ɛ⁵¹/
- (Chengdu)
- Sichuanese Pinyin: xue2
- Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: xye
- Sinological IPA (key): /ɕye²¹/
- (Dungan)
- Cyrillic and Wiktionary: щүә (xüə, I)
- Sinological IPA (key): /ɕyə²⁴/
- (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
- (Standard Chinese, standard in Mainland and Taiwan)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: syut3
- Yale: syut
- Cantonese Pinyin: syt8
- Guangdong Romanization: xud3
- Sinological IPA (key): /syːt̚³/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
- Wiktionary: lhut2
- Sinological IPA (key): /ɬut̚⁵⁵/
- (Yangjiang Yue, Jiangcheng)
- Jyutping++: slit2
- Sinological IPA (key): /ɬit̚²¹/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Gan
- (Nanchang)
- Wiktionary: xyot6
- Sinological IPA (key): /ɕyɵt̚⁵/
- (Nanchang)
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: siet
- Hakka Romanization System: xiedˋ
- Hagfa Pinyim: xiad5
- Sinological IPA: /si̯et̚²/
- (Meixian)
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Jin
- (Taiyuan)+
- Wiktionary: xyeh4
- Sinological IPA (old-style): /ɕyəʔ²/
- (Taiyuan)+
- Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
- Kienning Colloquial Romanized: sṳĕ
- Sinological IPA (key): /syɛ²⁴/
- (Jian'ou)
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: siók
- Sinological IPA (key): /suɔʔ²⁴/
- (Fuzhou)
- Southern Min
- serh/seh - vernacular;
- soat - literary.
- soi7 - vernacular;
- seg4 - literary.
- Middle Chinese: sjwet
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*[s]ot/
- (Zhengzhang): /*sqʰʷed/
Definitions
[edit]雪
- snow
- 下雪 ― xiàxuě ― to snow
- † to snow
- to wipe away; to clean
- 朝食後,告辭天只前,則教「以好赴,大雪國辱。」 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
- From: 1594, 李舜臣 (Yi Sun-sin), 《亂中日記》 (War Diary of Admiral Yi)
- Zhāoshí hòu, gàocí tiānzhǐ qián, zé jiào “yǐ hǎo fù, dà xuě guó rǔ.” [Pinyin]
- After the morning meal, I said my farewells to Mother. Then she instructed me: "Go well; fully cleanse [the country of this] national humiliation."
朝食后,告辞天只前,则教「以好赴,大雪国辱。」 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
- (dialectal) ice; product containing ice
- (Cantonese) to refrigerate; to store in the refrigerator
- (Cantonese, figuratively) to set aside; to shelve
- (Malaysia, Singapore) Short for 雪蘭莪/雪兰莪 (Xuělán'é, “Selangor”).
- a surname: Xue
Synonyms
[edit]- (snow):
Variety | Location | Words |
---|---|---|
Classical Chinese | 雪 | |
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 雪 | |
Northeastern Mandarin | Beijing | 雪 |
Taiwan | 雪 | |
Jilu Mandarin | Jinan | 雪 |
Central Plains Mandarin | Xi'an | 雪 |
Southwestern Mandarin | Chengdu | 雪 |
Wuhan | 雪 | |
Guilin | 雪 | |
Jianghuai Mandarin | Yangzhou | 雪 |
Hefei | 雪 | |
Cantonese | Guangzhou | 雪 |
Hong Kong | 雪 | |
Yangjiang | 雪 | |
Sanya (Yanglan Maihua) | 雪 | |
Gan | Nanchang | 雪 |
Hakka | Meixian | 雪 |
Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 雪 | |
Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 雪 | |
Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 雪 | |
Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 雪 | |
Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 雪 | |
Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 雪 | |
Jin | Taiyuan | 雪 |
Northern Min | Jian'ou | 雪 |
Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 雪 |
Southern Min | Xiamen | 雪 |
Guilin (Biyange) | 雪 | |
Chaozhou | 雪 | |
Shantou | 雪 | |
Jieyang | 雪 | |
Pontianak (Teochew) | 雪 | |
Xiang | Changsha | 雪 |
Shuangfeng | 雪 |
- (to snow):
- (to wipe away): 洗刷 (xǐshuā)
- (ice):
Compounds
[edit]- 一雪前恥/一雪前耻 (yīxuěqiánchǐ)
- 似雪
- 冰雪 (bīngxuě)
- 大雪 (dàxuě)
- 小雪 (xiǎoxuě)
- 昭雪 (zhāoxuě)
- 暴風雪/暴风雪 (bàofēngxuě)
- 沉冤昭雪 (chényuānzhāoxuě)
- 洗雪 (xǐxuě)
- 浣雪
- 湔雪 (jiānxuě)
- 湔雪前恥/湔雪前耻 (jiānxuěqiánchǐ)
- 滑雪 (huáxuě)
- 瑞雪 (ruìxuě)
- 申雪 (shēnxuě)
- 白雪 (báixuě)
- 積雪/积雪 (jīxuě)
- 紫雪 (zǐxuě)
- 聚螢映雪/聚萤映雪
- 融雪 (róngxuě)
- 踏雪
- 雪上加霜 (xuěshàngjiāshuāng)
- 雪中送炭 (xuězhōngsòngtàn)
- 雪亮 (xuěliàng)
- 雪人 (xuěrén)
- 雪冤 (xuěyuān)
- 雪原 (xuěyuán)
- 雪地 (xuědì)
- 雪城 (Xuěchéng)
- 雪域 (xuěyù)
- 雪堆 (xuěduī)
- 雪壓/雪压
- 雪字底 (xuězìdǐ)
- 雪山 (xuěshān)
- 雪山林
- 雪峰
- 雪崩 (xuěbēng)
- 雪恥/雪耻 (xuěchǐ)
- 雪恨 (xuěhèn)
- 雪文 (sap-bûn) (Min Nan)
- 雪晶 (xuějīng)
- 雪景 (xuějǐng)
- 雪暴 (xuěbào)
- 雪松 (xuěsōng)
- 雪板 (xuěbǎn)
- 雪梨 (xuělí)
- 雪條/雪条
- 雪梨酒
- 雪橇 (xuěqiāo)
- 雪櫃/雪柜 (xuěguì)
- 雪泥
- 雪災/雪灾 (xuězāi)
- 雪片 (xuěpiàn)
- 雪球 (xuěqiú)
- 雪白 (xuěbái)
- 雪盲 (xuěmáng)
- 雪碧 (Xuěbì)
- 雪窖冰天
- 雪糕 (xuěgāo)
- 雪紡/雪纺 (xuěfǎng, “chiffon”)
- 雪線/雪线 (xuěxiàn)
- 雪膽/雪胆 (xuědǎn)
- 雪花 (xuěhuā)
- 雪花膏 (xuěhuāgāo)
- 雪茄 (xuějiā)
- 雪蓮/雪莲 (xuělián)
- 雪蓮花/雪莲花
- 雪裡送炭/雪里送炭
- 雪裡開/雪里开
- 雪豹 (xuěbào)
- 雪貂 (xuědiāo)
- 雪路
- 雪車/雪车 (xuěchē)
- 雪里蕻 (xuělǐhóng)
- 雪野
- 雪鐵龍/雪铁龙 (Xuětiělóng)
- 雪雀 (xuěquè)
- 雪青 (xuěqīng)
- 雪鞋 (xuěxié)
- 雪頓/雪顿
- 雪頓節/雪顿节 (Xuědùnjié)
- 雪魚/雪鱼 (xuěyú)
- 飛雪/飞雪
Descendants
[edit]Others:
- → Zhuang: siet
References
[edit]- Dictionary of Chinese Character Variants (教育部異體字字典), A04469
- “雪”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
Japanese
[edit]Shinjitai | 雪 | |
Kyūjitai [1] |
雪󠄁 雪+ 󠄁 ?(Adobe-Japan1) |
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雪󠄃 雪+ 󠄃 ?(Hanyo-Denshi) (Moji_Joho) | ||
The displayed kanji may be different from the image due to your environment. See here for details. |
Kanji
[edit]Readings
[edit]- Go-on: せち (sechi)
- Kan-on: せつ (setsu, Jōyō)
- Kun: ゆき (yuki, 雪, Jōyō); すすぐ (susugu, 雪ぐ); そそぐ (sosogu, 雪ぐ)
- Nanori: きよ (kiyo); きよみ (kiyomi); きよむ (kiyomu); せ (se); そそぐ (sosogu); ぶき (buki); まよむ (mayomu); ゆき (yuki)
Compounds
[edit]- 雪冤 (setsuen)
- 雪花菜 (sekkasai)
- 雪渓 (sekkei)
- 雪月花 (setsugekka)
- 雪原 (setsugen, “snow field”)
- 雪辱 (setsujoku, “vindication, revenge”)
- 雪駄, 雪踏 (setta)
- 雪隠 (setchin)
- 雪洞 (settō)
- 雪洞 (setsudō)
- 雪膚 (seppu)
- 雪片 (seppen)
- 回雪 (kaisetsu)
- 蛍雪 (keisetsu)
- 降雪 (kōsetsu)
- 豪雪 (gōsetsu)
- 残雪 (zansetsu)
- 春雪 (shunsetsu)
- 除雪 (josetsu)
- 小雪 (shōsetsu)
- 新雪 (shinsetsu)
- 積雪 (sekisetsu)
- 早雪 (sōsetsu)
- 霜雪 (sōsetsu)
- 大雪 (taisetsu)
- 眉雪 (bisetsu)
- 氷雪 (hyōsetsu)
- 風雪 (fūsetsu)
- 雪花菜 (okara), 雪花菜 (kirazu)
- 雪崩 (nadare, “avalanche”)
- 雪洞 (bonbori, “paper lamp”)
- 吹雪 (fubuki)
Etymology
[edit]Kanji in this term |
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雪 |
ゆき Grade: 2 |
kun'yomi |
For pronunciation and definitions of 雪 – see the following entry. | ||
| ||
(This term, 雪, is an alternative spelling of the above term.) |
Pronunciation
[edit]Audio: (file)
References
[edit]Korean
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Middle Chinese 雪 (MC sjwet).
Historical Readings | ||
---|---|---|
Dongguk Jeongun Reading | ||
Dongguk Jeongun, 1448 | ᄉᆑᇙ〮 (Yale: syyélq) | |
Middle Korean | ||
Text | Eumhun | |
Gloss (hun) | Reading | |
Hunmong Jahoe, 1527[2] | 눈〯 (Yale: nwǔn) | 셜〮 (Yale: syél) |
Pronunciation
[edit]- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [sʰʌ̹ɭ]
- Phonetic hangul: [설]
Hanja
[edit]Compounds
[edit]References
[edit]- 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전/電子字典. [3]
Okinawan
[edit]Kanji
[edit]Readings
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Kanji in this term |
---|
雪 |
ゆち Grade: 2 |
kun'yomi |
Cognate with Japanese 雪 (yuki, “snow”).
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]雪 (yuchi)
References
[edit]- “ゆち【雪】” in JLect - Japonic Languages and Dialects Database Dictionary, 2019.
Old Japanese
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]Found in the Man'yōshū, completed some time after 759 CE.
Reconstructed by some as deriving from Proto-Japonic *yoki.
Noun
[edit]雪 (yuki1) (kana ゆき)
Derived terms
[edit]Descendants
[edit]- Japanese: 雪 (yuki)
See also
[edit]- 白妙の, 白栲の (siro1tape2 no2, pillow word that can allude to yuki1)
Etymology 2
[edit]Found once in the Man'yōshū in a so-called 東歌 (Azuma uta, literally “eastern song”) in the eastern dialect of Old Japanese.
Probably a misspelling of original ⟨yo1ki1⟩, given the Western and modern reflexes. Compare 夜 (yo1 → yu, “night”).
Noun
[edit]雪 (yo2ki1) (kana よき)
Vietnamese
[edit]Han character
[edit]雪: Hán Việt readings: tuyết[1][2][3][4][5][6]
References
[edit]- CJK Unified Ideographs block
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- Japanese kanji with nanori reading きよみ
- Japanese kanji with nanori reading きよむ
- Japanese kanji with nanori reading せ
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