茶
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Translingual
[edit]Stroke order | |||
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Han character
[edit]茶 (Kangxi radical 140, 艸+6, 9 strokes, cangjie input 廿人木 (TOD), four-corner 44904, composition ⿳艹𠆢朩(GV) or ⿳艹𠆢木(HTJK))
Derived characters
[edit]References
[edit]- Kangxi Dictionary: page 1029, character 4
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 30915
- Dae Jaweon: page 1488, character 1
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3207, character 2
- Unihan data for U+8336
Chinese
[edit]trad. | 茶 | |
---|---|---|
simp. # | 茶 | |
alternative forms | 荼 𦯬 𣘻 𣗪 𦹍 |
Glyph origin
[edit]Old Chinese | |
---|---|
斜 | *lja, *laː |
茶 | *rlaː |
荼 | *rlaː, *ɦlja, *l'aː |
梌 | *rlaː, *l̥ʰaː, *l'aː |
搽 | *rlaː |
塗 | *rlaː, *l'aː |
佘 | *ɦlja |
賒 | *hljaː |
畬 | *hljaː, *la |
舍 | *hljaːʔ, *hljaːs |
捨 | *hljaːʔ |
騇 | *hljaːʔ, *hljaːs |
涻 | *hljaːs |
稌 | *l̥ʰaː, *l̥ʰaːʔ |
悇 | *l̥ʰaː, *l̥ʰas, *las |
庩 | *l̥ʰaː |
捈 | *l̥ʰaː, *l'aː |
途 | *l'aː |
酴 | *l'aː |
駼 | *l'aː |
鵌 | *l'aː, *la |
涂 | *l'aː, *l'a |
嵞 | *l'aː |
峹 | *l'aː |
筡 | *l'aː, *l̥ʰa |
蒤 | *l'aː |
徐 | *lja |
俆 | *lja |
敘 | *ljaʔ |
漵 | *ljaʔ |
除 | *l'a, *l'as |
篨 | *rla |
滁 | *rla |
蒢 | *rla |
蜍 | *ɦlja, *la |
鵨 | *hljaː |
瑹 | *hlja |
余 | *la |
餘 | *la |
艅 | *la |
狳 | *la |
雓 | *la |
悆 | *las |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲/形声, OC *rlaː) : semantic 艹 + phonetic 余 (OC *la).
茶 originates as a graphical modification of archaic 荼 (*rlaː, “bitter plant”), used for “tea” in classical sources.
Etymology
[edit]As tea may have originated from Sichuan, where the native Yi people speak Loloish languages, Sagart (1999) suggests that the Old Chinese item was possibly originally borrowed from Proto-Loloish *la¹ (“tea”), from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s-la (“leaf; tea”). Schuessler (2007) traces its ultimate origin to Proto-Austroasiatic *slaʔ (“leaf”) (in Sidwell's 2024 reconstruction).
Alternatively, Qiu (1988) suggests that it might be a semantic extension of 荼 (*rlaː, “bitter plant”).
Pronunciation
[edit]- Mandarin
- (Standard)
- (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): ca2
- (Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): ца (ca, I)
- Cantonese
- Gan (Wiktionary): ca2
- Hakka
- Jin (Wiktionary): ca1
- Northern Min (KCR): dâ
- Eastern Min (BUC): dà
- Southern Min
- Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): 6zo
- Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): za2
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄔㄚˊ
- Tongyong Pinyin: chá
- Wade–Giles: chʻa2
- Yale: chá
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: char
- Palladius: ча (ča)
- Sinological IPA (key): /ʈ͡ʂʰä³⁵/
- (Chengdu)
- Sichuanese Pinyin: ca2
- Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: ca
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sʰa²¹/
- (Dungan)
- Cyrillic and Wiktionary: ца (ca, I)
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sʰa²⁴/
- (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: caa4
- Yale: chàh
- Cantonese Pinyin: tsaa4
- Guangdong Romanization: ca4
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sʰaː²¹/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
- Wiktionary: ca3
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sʰa²²/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Gan
- (Nanchang)
- Wiktionary: ca2
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sʰa²⁴/
- (Nanchang)
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chhà
- Hakka Romanization System: caˇ
- Hagfa Pinyim: ca2
- Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰa¹¹/
- (Meixian)
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Jin
- (Taiyuan)+
- Wiktionary: ca1
- Sinological IPA (old-style): /t͡sʰa¹¹/
- (Taiyuan)+
- Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
- Kienning Colloquial Romanized: dâ
- Sinological IPA (key): /ta³³/
- (Jian'ou)
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: dà
- Sinological IPA (key): /ta⁵³/
- (Fuzhou)
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Jinjiang, Hui'an, Changtai, General Taiwanese, Singapore, Philippines)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tê
- Tâi-lô: tê
- Phofsit Daibuun: dee
- IPA (Xiamen, Quanzhou, Jinjiang, Hui'an, Changtai, Taipei, Singapore, Philippines): /te²⁴/
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /te²³/
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou, Zhangpu, Penang)
- (Hokkien: Longyan)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tiêe
- Tâi-lô: tiêe
- IPA (Longyan): /tiɛ¹¹/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, Jinjiang, Hui'an, General Taiwanese)
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Jinjiang, Hui'an, Changtai, General Taiwanese, Singapore, Philippines)
- tê/têe - vernacular;
- tâ, chhâ - literary.
- Dialectal data
Variety | Location | 茶 |
---|---|---|
Mandarin | Beijing | /ʈ͡ʂʰa³⁵/ |
Harbin | /ʈ͡ʂʰa²⁴/ | |
Tianjin | /t͡sʰɑ⁴⁵/ | |
Jinan | /ʈ͡ʂʰa⁴²/ | |
Qingdao | /ʈ͡ʂʰa⁴²/ | |
Zhengzhou | /ʈ͡ʂʰa⁴²/ | |
Xi'an | /t͡sʰa²⁴/ | |
Xining | /t͡sʰa²⁴/ | |
Yinchuan | /ʈ͡ʂʰa⁵³/ | |
Lanzhou | /ʈ͡ʂʰa⁵³/ | |
Ürümqi | /t͡sʰa⁵¹/ | |
Wuhan | /t͡sʰa²¹³/ | |
Chengdu | /t͡sʰa³¹/ | |
Guiyang | /t͡sʰa²¹/ | |
Kunming | /ʈ͡ʂʰa̠³¹/ | |
Nanjing | /ʈ͡ʂʰɑ²⁴/ | |
Hefei | /ʈ͡ʂʰa⁵⁵/ | |
Jin | Taiyuan | /t͡sʰa¹¹/ |
Pingyao | /t͡sɑ¹³/ | |
Hohhot | /t͡sʰa³¹/ | |
Wu | Shanghai | /zo²³/ |
Suzhou | /zo¹³/ | |
Hangzhou | /d͡zɑ²¹³/ | |
Wenzhou | /d͡zo³¹/ | |
Hui | Shexian | /t͡sʰa⁴⁴/ |
Tunxi | /t͡sɔ⁴⁴/ | |
Xiang | Changsha | /t͡sa¹³/ |
Xiangtan | /d͡zɒ¹²/ | |
Gan | Nanchang | /t͡sʰɑ²⁴/ |
Hakka | Meixian | /t͡sʰa¹¹/ |
Taoyuan | /t͡sʰɑ¹¹/ | |
Cantonese | Guangzhou | /t͡sʰa²¹/ |
Nanning | /t͡sʰa²¹/ | |
Hong Kong | /t͡sʰa²¹/ | |
Min | Xiamen (Hokkien) | /ta³⁵/ /te³⁵/ |
Fuzhou (Eastern Min) | /ta⁵³/ | |
Jian'ou (Northern Min) | /ta³³/ | |
Shantou (Teochew) | /te⁵⁵/ | |
Haikou (Hainanese) | /ʔdɛ³¹/ |
- Middle Chinese: drae
- Old Chinese
- (Zhengzhang): /*rlaː/
Definitions
[edit]茶
- tea (plant, leaves)
- tea (beverage made by infusing tea leaves in hot water) (Classifier: 杯; 壺/壶)
- certain kinds of beverage or liquid food
- 涼茶/凉茶 ― liángchá ― Chinese herb tea
- 冬瓜茶 ― dōngguāchá ― winter melon punch
- 杏仁茶 ― xìngrénchá ― almond tea
- Chinese medicine
- yum cha
- (obsolete) a moment (the time it takes to drink a cup of tea)
- (dialectal Mandarin, Cantonese, Gan, Xiang, Wu) boiled or boiling water
- 吃茶 [Shanghainese] ― 7chiq 6zo [Wugniu] ― to drink water
- a surname
Synonyms
[edit]Compounds
[edit]- 一盞茶時/一盏茶时
- 一茶
- 一茶頃/一茶顷
- 七品茶
- 七家茶
- 七寶茶/七宝茶
- 七星茶 (qīxīngchá)
- 七碗茶
- 下午茶 (xiàwǔchá)
- 下小茶
- 下茶
- 三茶六禮/三茶六礼
- 三茶六飯/三茶六饭
- 不茶不飯/不茶不饭
- 串茶
- 九節茶/九节茶
- 乳茶
- 乾烘茶/干烘茶
- 乾茶錢/干茶钱
- 五花茶 (wǔhuāchá)
- 仙人掌茶
- 代茶
- 作茶
- 供茶
- 倒茶 (dàochá)
- 借茶活捉
- 兒茶/儿茶 (érchá)
- 六安茶
- 六班茶
- 六龜茶/六龟茶
- 分茶
- 分茶店
- 剜刺挑茶
- 功夫茶 (gōngfuchá)
- 包種茶/包种茶 (bāozhòngchá)
- 北苑茶
- 午時茶/午时茶
- 午茶
- 半熟茶
- 受茶
- 吃碗茶
- 吃空茶
- 吃茶 (chīchá)
- 吃講茶/吃讲茶
- 告茶
- 品茶 (pǐnchá)
- 啜茶
- 喝茶 (hēchá)
- 團茶/团茶
- 土茶
- 大茶壺/大茶壶
- 奉茶
- 女兒茶/女儿茶
- 奶茶 (nǎichá)
- 孩兒茶/孩儿茶 (hái'érchá)
- 官茶
- 宣茶
- 家常茶飯/家常茶饭
- 寶珠山茶/宝珠山茶
- 寶珠茶/宝珠茶
- 小兒感冒茶/小儿感冒茶
- 小茶
- 山茶 (shānchá)
- 岕茶
- 工夫茶 (gōngfuchá)
- 年茶
- 幻茶
- 建茶
- 引茶
- 待茶
- 惡茶白賴/恶茶白赖
- 打茶
- 打茶圍/打茶围
- 打茶會/打茶会
- 拜茶
- 挑茶斡刺
- 採茶/采茶 (cǎichá)
- 接茶
- 採茶戲/采茶戏 (cǎicháxì)
- 採茶歌/采茶歌
- 搉茶
- 撤茶
- 攢茶/攒茶
- 散茶
- 新茶 (xīnchá)
- 早茶 (zǎochá)
- 明德茶
- 春茶 (chūnchá)
- 晚茶
- 普洱茶 (pǔ'ěrchá)
- 會茶/会茶
- 末茶 (mòchá)
- 杏仁茶 (xìngrénchá)
- 果茶
- 板藍根茶/板蓝根茶
- 枸杞茶
- 柳眼茶
- 柴米油鹽醬醋茶/柴米油盐酱醋茶 (chái mǐ yóu yán jiàng cù chá, “daily necessities”)
- 桂花茶 (guìhuā chá)
- 梅水茶
- 棍兒茶/棍儿茶
- 椒茶
- 楊妃山茶/杨妃山茶
- 楊妃茶/杨妃茶
- 榷茶
- 榷酒征茶
- 欒茶/栾茶
- 殘茶剩飯/残茶剩饭
- 毛尖茶
- 毛茶 (máochá)
- 沒吃茶/没吃茶
- 沙茶 (shāchá)
- 沏茶 (qīchá)
- 沖茶/冲茶 (chōngchá)
- 泡沫紅茶/泡沫红茶
- 油茶 (yóuchá)
- 泡茶 (pàochá)
- 沱茶
- 泡茶館/泡茶馆
- 油茶麵/油茶面
- 油茶麵兒/油茶面儿
- 浪酒閒茶/浪酒闲茶
- 涼茶/凉茶 (liángchá)
- 清茶 (qīngchá)
- 清茶淡話/清茶淡话
- 清茶淡飯/清茶淡饭
- 淡飯清茶/淡饭清茶
- 澗茶/涧茶
- 濃茶/浓茶 (nóngchá)
- 瀹茶
- 火前茶
- 炙茶
- 烏龍茶/乌龙茶 (wūlóngchá)
- 烹茶 (pēngchá)
- 焙茶
- 無茶/无茶
- 煎茶 (jiānchá)
- 熟茶
- 熬茶
- 片茶
- 獻茶/献茶
- 珠露茶
- 甘茶
- 生茶
- 用茶
- 畾茶
- 痷茶
- 白茶 (báichá)
- 白鶴茶/白鹤茶
- 的乳茶
- 盤龍茶/盘龙茶
- 盼盼茶茶
- 看茶 (kànchá)
- 真茶
- 磚茶/砖茶 (zhuānchá)
- 私茶
- 秋茶
- 粗茶淡飯/粗茶淡饭 (cūchádànfàn)
- 紅茶/红茶 (hóngchá)
- 紅茶花節/红茶花节
- 素分茶
- 素茶
- 細葉山茶/细叶山茶
- 緊壓茶/紧压茶
- 綠茶/绿茶 (lǜchá)
- 網路茶屋/网路茶屋
- 繡茶/绣茶
- 老人茶
- 肉骨茶 (ròugǔchá)
- 膏茶
- 臘茶/腊茶
- 芽茶 (yáchá)
- 花茶 (huāchá)
- 苦茶
- 苦茶油
- 茉莉花茶 (mòlìhuā chá)
- 茶上
- 茶亭 (chátíng)
- 茶令
- 茶仙
- 茶儀/茶仪
- 茶元 (Cháyuán)
- 茶具 (chájù)
- 茶几
- 茶包 (chábāo)
- 茶匙 (cháchí)
- 茶博士
- 茶品 (chápǐn)
- 茶商 (cháshāng)
- 茶圍/茶围
- 茶園/茶园 (cháyuán)
- 茶坊 (cháfáng)
- 茶垢 (chágòu, “stain on teaware”)
- 茶壺/茶壶 (cháhú)
- 茶夫
- 茶客 (chákè)
- 茶室 (cháshì)
- 茶寮 (cháliáo)
- 茶局子
- 茶屋
- 茶市 (cháshì)
- 茶底
- 茶座 (cházuò)
- 茶庵嶺/茶庵岭 (Chá'ānlǐng)
- 茶引
- 茶役
- 茶思飯想/茶思饭想
- 茶戶/茶户
- 茶房 (cháfáng)
- 茶托 (chátuō)
- 茶攤兒/茶摊儿
- 茶敬
- 茶旗
- 茶晶 (chájīng)
- 茶會/茶会 (cháhuì)
- 茶末
- 茶杯 (chábēi)
- 茶果
- 茶桌
- 茶梅 (cháméi)
- 茶棧/茶栈
- 茶棚 (Chápéng)
- 茶業/茶业 (cháyè)
- 茶槍/茶枪
- 茶榷
- 茶樓/茶楼 (chálóu)
- 茶樹/茶树 (cháshù)
- 茶毗
- 茶毘/茶毗
- 茶毛蟲/茶毛虫
- 茶水 (cháshuǐ)
- 茶水錢/茶水钱
- 茶法
- 茶油 (cháyóu)
- 茶海 (“tea pitcher”)
- 茶湯/茶汤 (chátāng)
- 茶湯壺/茶汤壶 (chátānghú)
- 茶湯會/茶汤会
- 茶滓 (“stain on teaware”)
- 茶滷/茶卤 (chálǔ, “tea left out overnight, stain on teaware”)
- 茶灶
- 茶炊 (cháchuī)
- 茶焙
- 茶煲
- 茶燈/茶灯
- 茶瓜送飯,好人有限/茶瓜送饭,好人有限
- 茶盅 (cházhōng)
- 茶盞/茶盏
- 茶盤/茶盘 (chápán)
- 茶碗 (cháwǎn)
- 茶碾子
- 茶磚/茶砖 (cházhuān)
- 茶社 (cháshè)
- 茶神
- 茶禁
- 茶禮/茶礼
- 茶筅 (cháxiǎn)
- 茶筍/茶笋
- 茶籮/茶箩 (cháluó)
- 茶粥
- 茶精油
- 茶紅酒禮/茶红酒礼
- 茶素
- 茶經/茶经 (Chájīng)
- 茶綱/茶纲
- 茶缸子 (chágāngzi)
- 茶肆 (chásì)
- 茶膏
- 茶舞
- 茶船
- 茶色 (chásè)
- 茶芽 (cháyá)
- 茶花 (cháhuā)
- 茶花女
- 草茶
- 茗茶 (míngchá)
- 茶茶
- 茶茗
- 茶荈
- 茶莊/茶庄
- 茶菊
- 茶菁
- 茶葺 (“stain on teaware”)
- 茶葉/茶叶 (cháyè)
- 茶葉末/茶叶末
- 茶葉蛋/茶叶蛋 (cháyèdàn)
- 茶葉鹼/茶叶碱
- 茶藝/茶艺 (cháyì)
- 茶藝館/茶艺馆
- 茶蠶/茶蚕
- 茶行
- 茶衣
- 茶褐
- 茶褐色 (cháhèsè)
- 茶話/茶话 (cháhuà)
- 茶話會/茶话会 (cháhuàhuì)
- 茶課/茶课
- 茶質/茶质
- 茶農/茶农 (chánóng)
- 茶道 (chádào)
- 茶遲飯晏/茶迟饭晏
- 茶酒 (chájiǔ)
- 茶金
- 茶鋪/茶铺
- 茶錢/茶钱 (cháqián)
- 茶鍾/茶钟
- 茶鏡/茶镜 (chájìng)
- 茶鏽/茶锈 (cháxiù)
- 茶鐺/茶铛
- 茶青 (cháqīng)
- 茶頭/茶头
- 茶顛/茶颠
- 茶食 (cháshi)
- 茶飯/茶饭 (cháfàn)
- 茶飯不思/茶饭不思
- 茶飯無心/茶饭无心
- 茶餅/茶饼 (chábǐng)
- 茶餘/茶余
- 茶餘客話/茶余客话
- 茶餘酒後/茶余酒后 (cháyújiǔhòu)
- 茶餘飯後/茶余饭后 (cháyúfànhòu)
- 茶餘飯飽/茶余饭饱
- 茶館/茶馆 (cháguǎn)
- 茶馬市/茶马市
- 茶鹼/茶碱 (chájiǎn)
- 茶麵子/茶面子
- 茶墨
- 茶點/茶点 (chádiǎn)
- 茶鼎
- 茶鼓
- 菊花茶 (júhuā chá)
- 藥茶/药茶 (yàochá)
- 蜀茶
- 蠟茶/蜡茶
- 蠟面茶/蜡面茶
- 蠻茶/蛮茶
- 行茶
- 試茶/试茶
- 調茶/调茶
- 謝媒茶/谢媒茶
- 讓茶/让茶
- 貢茶/贡茶
- 贊茶/赞茶
- 起茶
- 趙州茶/赵州茶
- 巡茶
- 迦堅茶寒/迦坚茶寒
- 送茶
- 過茶/过茶
- 邊茶/边茶
- 酒後茶餘/酒后茶余
- 酒餘茶後/酒余茶后
- 酥油茶 (sūyóuchá)
- 釅茶/酽茶 (yànchá)
- 采茶歌
- 金花茶
- 錠子茶/锭子茶
- 閔茶/闵茶
- 閒茶浪酒/闲茶浪酒
- 阿茶
- 陸羽茶/陆羽茶
- 隨茶隨飯/随茶随饭
- 雨前茶 (yǔqiánchá)
- 雲霧茶/云雾茶
- 頓茶頓飯/顿茶顿饭
- 頭茶/头茶
- 食茶 (shíchá)
- 飲茶/饮茶 (yǐnchá)
- 養茶/养茶
- 餅茶/饼茶 (bǐngchá)
- 香茶
- 騎火茶/骑火茶
- 高果子茶
- 鬥茶/斗茶
- 鬧茶/闹茶
- 鳩槃茶/鸠槃茶
- 鳩盤茶/鸠盘茶
- 麵茶/面茶 (miànchá)
- 麻茶
- 黃茶/黄茶 (huángchá)
- 黑茶 (hēichá)
- 點花茶/点花茶
- 點茶/点茶
- 黦茶
- 齪茶/龊茶
- 龍井茶/龙井茶
- 龍湫茶/龙湫茶
- 龍芝茶/龙芝茶
- 龍茶/龙茶
- 龍鳳團茶/龙凤团茶
- 龍鳳茶/龙凤茶
Descendants
[edit]Others:
- → Cantonese: 嗲 (de1, “to chat”) (via Teochew)
- →? Cebuano: tsa (via Cantonese)
- → Classical Persian: چَا (čā) (via Mandarin), چَای (čāy) (via Mandarin, with Persian suffix -y(i) added) (see there for further descendants)
- → Drung: cha
- → Dutch: thee (via Hokkien) (see there for further descendants)
- → English: cha, char (via Cantonese)
- → Hlai: dhe (via Hainanese)
- → Khmer: តែ (tae)
- → Malay: ca (via Cantonese)
- → Malay: teh (via Hokkien)
- Indonesian: teh
- → Mongolian: цай (caj), ᠴᠠᠢ (čai) (via Mandarin)
- → Portuguese: chá (via Cantonese)
- → Punjabi: (via Mandarin)
- → Spanish: té (via Hokkien)
- → Proto-Tai: *ɟaːᴬ
- →? Tagalog: tsa (via Cantonese)
- → Tibetan: ཇ (ja)
- → Vietnamese: chè (茶, 𦷨)
- → Yonaguni: さー
References
[edit]- “茶”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
- Dictionary of Chinese Character Variants (教育部異體字字典), A03475
Japanese
[edit]Kanji
[edit]Readings
[edit]Compounds
[edit]- お茶 (ocha): tea
- 烏竜茶 (ūroncha): oolong tea
- 喫茶店 (kissaten): tearoom; café
- 紅茶 (kōcha): black tea
- 古茶 (kocha): tea from last year
- 粉茶 (konacha): dust tea
- 新茶 (shincha): new tea of the year
- 茶色 (chairo): brown
- 茶園 (chaen): tea plantation
- 茶会 (chakai): tea party
- 茶器 (chaki): teaware
- 茶匙 (chasaji): teaspoon
- 茶の湯 (chanoyu): tea ceremony
- 茶畑 (chabatake): tea plantation
- 品茶 (hincha): tea evaluation; a game of drinking varieties of tea and guessing them correctly
- 焙じ茶 (hōjicha): roasted green tea
- 抹茶 (matcha): maccha, matcha
- 無茶 (mucha): reckless
- 緑茶 (ryokucha): green tea
Etymology
[edit]![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Tea_soothingr.jpg/250px-Tea_soothingr.jpg)
Kanji in this term |
---|
茶 |
ちゃ Grade: 2 |
kan'yōon |
From various lects of Middle Chinese 茶 (MC drae). Compare Mandarin 茶 (chá), Hakka 茶 (chhà), Cantonese 茶 (caa4). Doublet of チャイ (chai).
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]Usage notes
[edit]- This term is not used on its own in modern Japanese. For the tea sense, this is used either with the honorific prefix お (o-), as お茶 (ocha), or in a compound such as 茎茶 (kukicha, literally “stem tea”) or 緑茶 (ryokucha, “green tea”).
- お茶はいかがですか。
- Ocha wa ikaga desuka.
- How about some tea? (Would you like some tea?)
- お茶はいかがですか。
- For the brown sense, this is used with the color suffix 色 (iro), as in 茶色 (chairo, “brown”, literally “tea color”).
Synonyms
[edit]- 茗 (mei) (rare)
Descendants
[edit]See also
[edit]References
[edit]Korean
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]From Early Mandarin 茶 (*tʂʰaᴸᴸ). Compare Mandarin 茶 (chá), Hakka 茶 (chhà), Cantonese 茶 (caa4).
Pronunciation
[edit]- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [t͡ɕʰa̠]
- Phonetic hangul: [차]
Hanja
[edit]Usage notes
[edit]- This reading is used as a standalone word to mean "tea."
Compounds
[edit]Etymology 2
[edit]From Middle Chinese 茶 (ɖˠa).
Historical Readings | ||
---|---|---|
Dongguk Jeongun Reading | ||
Dongguk Jeongun, 1448 | 땅 (Yale: ttà) | |
Middle Korean | ||
Text | Eumhun | |
Gloss (hun) | Reading | |
Hunmong Jahoe, 1527[2] | 차 (Yale: chà) | 다 (Yale: tà) |
Pronunciation
[edit]- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [ta̠]
- Phonetic hangul: [다]
Hanja
[edit]Compounds
[edit]References
[edit]- 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전/電子字典. [3]
Vietnamese
[edit]Han character
[edit]茶: Hán Việt readings: trà[1][2][3][4][5][6]
茶: Nôm readings: trà[1][2][3], chè[1][2][3], chà[1], sà[1], già[1][2], chòe/choè[1][2]
References
[edit]- CJK Unified Ideographs block
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