糞
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See also: 粪
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Translingual
[edit]Han character
[edit]糞 (Kangxi radical 119, 米+11, 17 strokes, cangjie input 火木田廿金 (FDWTC), four-corner 90801, composition ⿱米異)
Derived characters
[edit]References
[edit]- Kangxi Dictionary: page 912, character 26
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 27102
- Dae Jaweon: page 1339, character 20
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3158, character 7
- Unihan data for U+7CDE
Chinese
[edit]trad. | 糞 | |
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simp. | 粪 | |
alternative forms |
Glyph origin
[edit]Historical forms of the character 糞 |
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Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) |
Small seal script |
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Oracle bone: pictogram (象形) : 3 dots + 𠀠 + 廾 + optional 帚 (zhǒu).
Small seal: pictogram (象形) : 釆 + 𠦒 + 廾.
The current glyph is from the small seal script.
Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *brun (“excrement”) (STEDT). Cognate with Tibetan བྲུན (brun, “dung”).
Pronunciation
[edit]- Mandarin
- (Standard)
- (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): fen4
- (Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): фын (fɨn, III)
- Cantonese (Jyutping): fan3
- Gan (Wiktionary): fiin4
- Hakka
- Jin (Wiktionary): feng3
- Northern Min (KCR): be̤̿ng
- Eastern Min (BUC): bóng
- Southern Min
- Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): 5fen
- Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): fen4
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄈㄣˋ
- Tongyong Pinyin: fèn
- Wade–Giles: fên4
- Yale: fèn
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: fenn
- Palladius: фэнь (fɛnʹ)
- Sinological IPA (key): /fən⁵¹/
- (Chengdu)
- Sichuanese Pinyin: fen4
- Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: fen
- Sinological IPA (key): /fən²¹³/
- (Dungan)
- Cyrillic and Wiktionary: фын (fɨn, III)
- Sinological IPA (key): /fəŋ⁴⁴/
- (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: fan3
- Yale: fan
- Cantonese Pinyin: fan3
- Guangdong Romanization: fen3
- Sinological IPA (key): /fɐn³³/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Gan
- (Nanchang)
- Wiktionary: fiin4
- Sinological IPA (key): /fɨn³⁵/
- (Nanchang)
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: fun / pun
- Hakka Romanization System: fun / bun
- Hagfa Pinyim: fun4 / bun4
- Sinological IPA: /fun⁵⁵/, /pun⁵⁵/
- (Meixian)
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Jin
- (Taiyuan)+
- Wiktionary: feng3
- Sinological IPA (old-style): /fə̃ŋ⁴⁵/
- (Taiyuan)+
- Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
- Kienning Colloquial Romanized: be̤̿ng
- Sinological IPA (key): /pœyŋ³³/
- (Jian'ou)
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: bóng
- Sinological IPA (key): /pouŋ²¹³/
- (Fuzhou)
- Southern Min
Note:
- pùn - vernacular;
- hùn - literary.
- Middle Chinese: pjunH
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*p[u]r-s/
- (Zhengzhang): /*pɯns/
Definitions
[edit]糞
- excrement; faeces; dung
- manure
- (literary, or in compounds) to apply manure to
- (literary, or in compounds) to clear away
Synonyms
[edit]- (excrement):
- (to apply manure to):
See also
[edit]- 米田共 (mǐtiángòng)
Compounds
[edit]- 佛頭著糞/佛头著粪
- 化糞池/化粪池 (huàfènchí)
- 底糞/底粪
- 扒糞的/扒粪的
- 拾糞人/拾粪人
- 擔糞/担粪
- 朽木糞土/朽木粪土
- 朽木糞牆/朽木粪墙 (xiǔmùfènqiáng)
- 視如糞土/视如粪土
- 糞便/粪便 (fènbiàn)
- 糞土/粪土 (fèntǔ)
- 糞坑/粪坑 (fènkēng)
- 糞壤/粪壤
- 糞壤窟室/粪壤窟室
- 糞夫/粪夫
- 糞棋/粪棋
- 糞汁/粪汁 (fènzhī)
- 糞球/粪球
- 糞窖子/粪窖子
- 糞筐/粪筐
- 糞箕/粪箕 (fènjī)
- 糞箕子/粪箕子 (fènjīzi)
- 糞肥/粪肥 (fènféi)
- 糞門/粪门 (fènmén)
- 糞除/粪除
- 糞青/粪青 (fènqīng)
- 背槽拋糞/背槽抛粪
- 著糞佛頭/著粪佛头
- 葉落糞本/叶落粪本
- 蠅糞點玉/蝇粪点玉
- 血糞/血粪
- 賤如糞土/贱如粪土
- 馬糞/马粪 (mǎfèn)
- 馬糞紙/马粪纸 (mǎfènzhǐ)
- 驢糞毬/驴粪球
- 鳥糞層/鸟粪层
Descendants
[edit]- → Vietnamese: phân
References
[edit]- Dictionary of Chinese Character Variants (教育部異體字字典), A03073
- “糞”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
Japanese
[edit]Kanji
[edit]糞
Readings
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]Kanji in this term |
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糞 |
くそ Hyōgai |
kun'yomi |
Alternative spelling |
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屎 |
From Old Japanese,[1] in turn from Proto-Japonic *kuso.
Cognate with 臭い (kusai, “stinky, smelly”), 腐る (kusaru, “to rot, to become stinky”).[1]
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]Derived terms
[edit]Idioms
[edit]- 糞の役にも立たぬ (kuso no yaku ni mo tatanu, “not even good for shit”); see also 役に立つ (yaku ni tatsu, “to be useful, to play a role”)
Interjection
[edit]Usage notes
[edit]- This is not considered as profane as the English glosses. For instance, a child of five using the Japanese interjection kuso would be unremarkable, whereas it would be very socially inappropriate for a child of five to use the English interjection shit.
Prefix
[edit]- (derogatory) pejorative prefix
- 糞爺い
- kusojijī
- damn geezer
- 糞爺い
Suffix
[edit]- crappy, for shit: a derogatory emphasizing suffix.
Etymology 2
[edit]Kanji in this term |
---|
糞 |
ふん Hyōgai |
on'yomi |
/pun/ → /fun/
From Middle Chinese 糞 (MC pjunH).
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]Usage notes
[edit]- This noun specifically refers to the excrement of non-human animals; for human excrement, the term 大便 (daiben) is used.
- This term may be spelled as フン due to the complexity of the kanji 糞.
Etymology 3
[edit]Kanji in this term |
---|
糞 |
ばば Hyōgai |
kun'yomi |
Alternative spelling |
---|
屎 |
Appears to derive from baby talk.[1][2] Compare English poopoo and Mandarin 㞎㞎 (bǎba).
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]Derived terms
[edit]- ばばっちい (babatchii, “dirty”, childish, literally “poopy”)
- ばっちい (batchii, “dirty”, childish, literally “poopy”)
- 猫糞 (nekobaba, literally “cat-poopoo”)
References
[edit]- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典(新装版) [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
Korean
[edit]Hanja
[edit]Vietnamese
[edit]Han character
[edit]糞: Hán Nôm readings: phẩn, phân
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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