慢
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Translingual
[edit]Stroke order | |||
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Han character
[edit]慢 (Kangxi radical 61, 心+11, 14 strokes, cangjie input 心日田水 (PAWE), four-corner 96047, composition ⿰忄曼)
References
[edit]- Kangxi Dictionary: page 399, character 12
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 11110
- Dae Jaweon: page 738, character 29
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2346, character 1
- Unihan data for U+6162
Chinese
[edit]trad. | 慢 | |
---|---|---|
simp. # | 慢 | |
2nd round simp. | 𭜌 | |
alternative forms | 僈 |
Glyph origin
[edit]Phono-semantic compound (形聲/形声, OC *mroːns) : semantic 忄 (“heart”) + phonetic 曼 (OC *moːn, *mons) – a character trait or behavior (of the heart), sluggish. Note that 曼 also means “long, extended”, so connotations of “take a long time, leisurely, sluggish”.
Pronunciation
[edit]- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): maan6
- Gan (Wiktionary): man5
- Hakka
- Jin (Wiktionary): man3
- Northern Min (KCR): māing
- Eastern Min (BUC): mâing / mâng
- Southern Min
- Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): 6me
- Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): man5 / man4
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄇㄢˋ
- Tongyong Pinyin: màn
- Wade–Giles: man4
- Yale: màn
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: mann
- Palladius: мань (manʹ)
- Sinological IPA (key): /män⁵¹/
- (Dungan)
- Cyrillic and Wiktionary: ман (man, III)
- Sinological IPA (key): /mæ̃⁴⁴/
- (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: maan6
- Yale: maahn
- Cantonese Pinyin: maan6
- Guangdong Romanization: man6
- Sinological IPA (key): /maːn²²/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Gan
- (Nanchang)
- Wiktionary: man5
- Sinological IPA (key): /man¹¹/
- (Nanchang)
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: man
- Hakka Romanization System: man
- Hagfa Pinyim: man4
- Sinological IPA: /man⁵⁵/
- (Meixian)
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Jin
- (Taiyuan)+
- Wiktionary: man3
- Sinological IPA (old-style): /mæ̃⁴⁵/
- (Taiyuan)+
- Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
- Kienning Colloquial Romanized: māing
- Sinological IPA (key): /maiŋ⁵⁵/
- (Jian'ou)
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: mâing / mâng
- Sinological IPA (key): /maiŋ²⁴²/, /mɑŋ²⁴²/
- (Fuzhou)
Note:
- mâing - vernacular;
- mâng - literary.
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, Taipei, Kaohsiung, Tainan, Taichung, Sanxia, Yilan, Hsinchu, Magong, Kinmen, Singapore, Philippines)
- (Hokkien: Lukang)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: bǎn
- Tâi-lô: bǎn
- IPA (Lukang): /ban³³/
- (Teochew)
- Peng'im: mang7 / bhuang6 / bhuêng6 / muang6
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: māng / buăng / buĕng / muăng
- Sinological IPA (key): /maŋ¹¹/, /buaŋ³⁵/, /bueŋ³⁵/, /muaŋ³⁵/
Note:
- mang7 - "slow";
- bhuang6/bhuêng6/muang6 - "cold, arrogant" (in 傲慢);
- bhuang6 - Shantou, Chenghai;
- bhuêng6 - Chaozhou;
- muang6 - Chaoyang, Jieyang, Raoping.
Note:
- man5 - vernacular;
- man4 - literary.
- Dialectal data
Variety | Location | 慢 |
---|---|---|
Mandarin | Beijing | /man⁵¹/ |
Harbin | /man⁵³/ | |
Tianjin | /man⁵³/ | |
Jinan | /mã²¹/ | |
Qingdao | /mã⁴²/ | |
Zhengzhou | /man³¹²/ | |
Xi'an | /mã⁴⁴/ | |
Xining | /mã²¹³/ | |
Yinchuan | /man¹³/ | |
Lanzhou | /mɛ̃n¹³/ | |
Ürümqi | /man²¹³/ | |
Wuhan | /man³⁵/ | |
Chengdu | /man¹³/ | |
Guiyang | /man²¹³/ | |
Kunming | /mã̠²¹²/ | |
Nanjing | /maŋ⁴⁴/ | |
Hefei | /mæ̃⁵³/ | |
Jin | Taiyuan | /mæ̃⁴⁵/ |
Pingyao | /mɑŋ³⁵/ | |
Hohhot | /mæ̃⁵⁵/ | |
Wu | Shanghai | /me²³/ |
Suzhou | /me̞³¹/ | |
Hangzhou | /mẽ̞¹³/ | |
Wenzhou | /ma²²/ | |
Hui | Shexian | /mɛ²²/ |
Tunxi | /muːə¹¹/ | |
Xiang | Changsha | /man⁵⁵/ /man¹¹/ |
Xiangtan | /man²¹/ | |
Gan | Nanchang | /man²¹/ |
Hakka | Meixian | /man⁵³/ |
Taoyuan | /mɑn⁵⁵/ | |
Cantonese | Guangzhou | /man²²/ |
Nanning | /man²²/ | |
Hong Kong | /man²²/ | |
Min | Xiamen (Hokkien) | /ban²²/ |
Fuzhou (Eastern Min) | /maiŋ²⁴²/ | |
Jian'ou (Northern Min) | /maiŋ⁴⁴/ | |
Shantou (Teochew) | /maŋ³¹/ | |
Haikou (Hainanese) | /maŋ²³/ |
- Middle Chinese: maenH
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*mˤra[n]-s/
- (Zhengzhang): /*mroːns/
Definitions
[edit]慢
- slow; sluggish
- rude; proud; disrespectful
- (of time zones) to be behind
- Antonym: 快 (kuài)
- (literary) slack; sluggish; remiss; idle
- (Teochew) late
Synonyms
[edit]Dialectal synonyms of 慢 (“slow”) [map]
Antonyms
[edit]- (antonym(s) of “slow”): 快 (kuài)
Compounds
[edit]- 且慢 (qiěmàn)
- 侮慢 (wǔmàn)
- 倨傲怠慢
- 倨慢
- 停雲慢步/停云慢步
- 傲慢 (àomàn)
- 傲賢慢士/傲贤慢士
- 堊慢/垩慢
- 多慢
- 婆婆慢慢
- 媟慢
- 廢慢/废慢
- 待慢
- 忤慢
- 怠慢 (dàimàn)
- 悖慢
- 惰慢 (duòmàn)
- 慆慢
- 慢世
- 慢仗
- 慢俄延
- 慢功
- 慢動作/慢动作 (màndòngzuò)
- 慢半拍 (mànbànpāi)
- 慢吐蓮/慢吐莲
- 慢吞吞 (màntūntūn)
- 慢哼哼
- 慢坡
- 慢帳/慢帐
- 慢張/慢张
- 慢待 (màndài)
- 慢性 (mànxìng)
- 慢性子 (mànxìngzi)
- 慢性病 (mànxìngbìng)
- 慢性自殺/慢性自杀
- 慢悠悠 (mànyōuyōu)
- 慢惰 (mànduò)
- 慢慢
- 慢慢來/慢慢来
- 慢慢兒/慢慢儿 (mànmānr)
- 慢慢吞吞
- 慢慢騰騰/慢慢腾腾
- 慢手慢腳/慢手慢脚
- 慢散
- 慢易
- 慢曲
- 慢板 (mànbǎn)
- 慢條廝禮/慢条厮礼
- 慢條斯理/慢条斯理 (màntiáosīlǐ)
- 慢條斯禮/慢条斯礼
- 慢條絲禮/慢条丝礼
- 慢步 (mànbù)
- 慢火 (mànhuǒ)
- 慢班 (mànbān)
- 慢用 (mànyòng)
- 慢聲/慢声
- 慢臉/慢脸
- 慢藏誨盜/慢藏诲盗
- 慢表
- 慢詞/慢词
- 慢說/慢说
- 慢調/慢调
- 慢調子/慢调子
- 慢走 (mànzǒu)
- 慢跑 (mànpǎo)
- 慢車/慢车 (mànchē)
- 慢車道/慢车道
- 慢速 (mànsù)
- 慢遊/慢游
- 慢郎中
- 慢騰斯禮/慢腾斯礼
- 慢騰騰/慢腾腾 (mànténgténg)
- 慢驚風/慢惊风
- 慢點兒/慢点儿
- 懈慢
- 放慢 (fàngmàn)
- 放慢線兒/放慢线儿
- 款慢
- 減慢/减慢 (jiǎnmàn)
- 眉低眼慢
- 眼慢
- 簡慢/简慢 (jiǎnmàn)
- 細嚼慢嚥/细嚼慢咽 (xìjiáomànyàn)
- 緊七慢八/紧七慢八
- 緊打慢敲/紧打慢敲
- 緩慢/缓慢 (huǎnmàn)
- 臉慢/脸慢
- 輕吞慢吐/轻吞慢吐
- 輕慢/轻慢 (qīngmàn)
- 輕攏慢撚/轻拢慢撚
- 輕歌慢舞/轻歌慢舞
- 輕賢慢士/轻贤慢士
- 逋慢
- 鈍刀慢剮/钝刀慢剐
- 驕慢/骄慢 (jiāomàn)
- 高慢 (gāomàn)
Further reading
[edit]- “Entry #10531”, in 教育部臺灣台語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwan Minnan] (overall work in Mandarin and Hokkien), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2024.
Japanese
[edit]Kanji
[edit]慢
Readings
[edit]- Go-on: めん (men)
- Kan-on: ばん (ban)
- Kan’yō-on: まん (man, Jōyō)
- Kun: おそい (osoi, 慢い); おこたる (okotaru, 慢る); あなどる (anadoru, 慢る); おごる (ogoru, 慢る)
Compounds
[edit]- (slow):
- (negligent):
- (arrogant):
Korean
[edit]Hanja
[edit]慢 (eumhun 게으를 만 (geeureul man))
Vietnamese
[edit]Han character
[edit]- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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