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奚

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also: ⿱爫夫
奚 U+595A, 奚
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-595A
← 奙
[U+5959] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 奛 →
[U+595B]

Translingual

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Japanese ⿱爫夫
Simplified 奚
Traditional 奚

Han character

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奚 (Kangxi radical 37, 大+7, 10 strokes, cangjie input 月女戈大 (BVIK), four-corner 20430, composition ⿱爫𡗞)

Derived characters

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References

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  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 252, character 10
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 5930
  • Dae Jaweon: page 514, character 5
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 541, character 11
  • Unihan data for U+595A

Chinese

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trad. 奚
simp. # 奚

Glyph origin

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Historical forms of the character 奚
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Small seal script
Characters in the same phonetic series (奚) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
謑 *qʰraːs, *qʰreːs, *ɡeːʔ
膎 *ɡreː
鞵 *ɡreː
榽 *ɡreː, *ɡeː
鷄 *keː
雞 *keː
谿 *kʰeː
嵠 *kʰeː
溪 *kʰeː
磎 *kʰeː
螇 *kʰeː, *ɡeː
鸂 *kʰeː
奚 *ɡeː
豯 *ɡeː
徯 *ɡeː, *ɡeːʔ
蹊 *ɡeː
騱 *ɡeː
傒 *ɡeː
鼷 *ɡeː
蒵 *ɡeː, *ɡeːs
貕 *ɡeː
慀 *ɡeːs

Ideogrammic compound (會意 / 会意) : a hand 爪 grabbing a criminal slave 大 by their braids 幺. In Warring States texts the bottom of the character was often simplified, making the character interchangeable with 系.

Etymology

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Cognate with 何 (OC *ɡaːl, “what; where; why; how”). See there for more.

Pronunciation

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  • Dialectal data
Variety Location 奚
Mandarin Beijing /ɕi⁵⁵/
Harbin /ɕi⁴⁴/
Tianjin /ɕi²¹/
Jinan /ɕi²¹³/
Qingdao /ɕi²¹³/
Zhengzhou /ɕi²⁴/
Xi'an /ɕi²¹/
Xining /ɕi⁴⁴/
Yinchuan /ɕi⁴⁴/
Lanzhou /ɕi⁵³/
Ürümqi /ɕi⁴⁴/
Wuhan /ɕi⁵⁵/
Chengdu /t͡ɕʰi⁵⁵/
Guiyang /ɕi⁵⁵/
Kunming /ɕi⁴⁴/
Nanjing /ɕi²⁴/
Hefei /sz̩²¹/
Jin Taiyuan /ɕi¹¹/
Pingyao
Hohhot /ɕi³¹/
Wu Shanghai /ɕi⁵³/
/ɦi²³/
Suzhou /ɦi¹³/
Hangzhou /ɦi²¹³/
Wenzhou /ji³¹/
Hui Shexian /t͡ɕʰi³¹/
Tunxi
Xiang Changsha /ɕi³³/
Xiangtan /ɕi³³/
Gan Nanchang
Hakka Meixian /hi⁴⁴/
Taoyuan
Cantonese Guangzhou /hɐi²¹/
Nanning /hɐi²¹/
Hong Kong /hɐi²¹/
Min Xiamen (Hokkien) /he³⁵/
Fuzhou (Eastern Min) /hie⁵³/
Jian'ou (Northern Min) /xi⁵⁴/
Shantou (Teochew) /hi⁵⁵/
Haikou (Hainanese) /hi²³/
Rime
Character 奚
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 匣 (33)
Final (韻) 齊 (39)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) IV
Fanqie 胡雞切
Baxter hej
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/ɦei/
Pan
Wuyun 		/ɦei/
Shao
Rongfen 		/ɣɛi/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/ɦɛj/
Li
Rong 		/ɣei/
Wang
Li 		/ɣiei/
Bernhard
Karlgren 		/ɣiei/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		xí
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		hai4
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 奚 奚
Reading # 1/2 2/2
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		xī xī
Middle
Chinese 		‹ hej › ‹ hej ›
Old
Chinese 		/*[ɡ]ˁe/ (dial. for 何 *[ɡ]ˁaj?) /*[ɡ]ˁe/
English why, what slave, servant

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 奚
Reading # 1/1
No. 13364
Phonetic
component 		奚
Rime
group 		支
Rime
subdivision 		0
Corresponding
MC rime 		奚
Old
Chinese 		/*ɡeː/
Notes 說文作籀文系省聲，
甲金文象抓索辮人爲奴

Definitions

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奚

  1. † where? what? how? why?
    子路曰：「衛君待子而為政，子將奚先？」 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
    子路曰：「卫君待子而为政，子将奚先？」 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
    From: The Analects of Confucius, c. 475 – 221 BCE, translated based on James Legge's version
    Zǐlù yuē: “Wèi jūn dài zǐ ér wèizhèng, zǐ jiāng xī xiān?” [Pinyin]
    Zi Lu said, "The ruler of Wei has been waiting for you, in order with you to administer the government. What will you consider the first thing to be done?"
    或謂孔子曰：「子奚不為政？」 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
    或谓孔子曰：「子奚不为政？」 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
    From: The Analects of Confucius, c. 475 – 221 BCE, translated based on James Legge's version
    Huò wèi kǒngzǐ yuē: “Zǐ xī bù wèizhèng?” [Pinyin]
    Some one addressed Confucius, saying, "Sir, why are you not engaged in the government?"
    彼且奚適也？ [Classical Chinese, trad.]
    彼且奚适也？ [Classical Chinese, simp.]
    From: Zhuangzi, circa 3rd – 2nd centuries BCE
    Bǐ qiě xī shì yě? [Pinyin]
    Where is it going to?
  2. † servant
  3. the Xi (Kumo Xi) people

Synonyms

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Dialectal synonyms of 為什麼 (“why”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Classical Chinese 何為, 何以, 何, 何故, 緣何, 胡, 奚, 曷, 胡為
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 為什麼, 為何, 因何, 何以
Northeastern Mandarin Beijing 為什麼, 幹嗎, 幹什麼
Taiwan 為什麼
Harbin 為啥
Malaysia 為什麼, 做什麼, 做麼
Singapore 為什麼, 做什麼, 做麼
Jilu Mandarin Tianjin 為嘛
Jinan 為麼兒, 為麼, 幹麼兒, 為什麼
Jiaoliao Mandarin Yantai (Muping) 為麼, 為麼個
Central Plains Mandarin Xi'an 為啥, 因啥
Xining 為啥
Xuzhou 為啥, 擁啥, 擁什麼
Lanyin Mandarin Yinchuan 為啥
Lanzhou 為啥
Ürümqi 為啥
Southwestern Mandarin Chengdu 為啥子, 做啥子
Wuhan 做麼事, 為麼事
Guiyang 為哪樣, 為些哪樣
Guilin 為什麼
Liuzhou 為什麼
Xiangtan (Jiangnan Industries Group koine) 為什麼
Jianghuai Mandarin Nanjing 為什麼
Yangzhou 甚們事, 做事, 做啥, 為甚們 formal
Hefei 怎搞, 怎搞的
Cantonese Guangzhou 點解, 做乜, 做乜嘢, 為乜, 為乜為物, 做乜事幹, 因乜事幹, 因乜解究, 因乜緣故, 何解, 乜, 咩
Hong Kong 點解, 做乜, 做乜嘢, 做咩, 為乜, 為咩, 做乜事幹, 因乜事幹, 因乜解究, 因咩解究, 因乜緣故, 何解, 乜, 咩
Hong Kong (Kam Tin; Weitou) 做乜嘢
Macau 為乜嘢
Guangzhou (Panyu) 點解
Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu) 整乜嘢
Guangzhou (Zengcheng) 做乜嘢
Foshan 點解
Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai) 點解
Foshan (Shunde) 為乜嘢
Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming) 因乜嘢, 點解
Zhongshan (Shiqi) 為乜嘢
Zhuhai (Qianshan, Xiangzhou) 為乜嘢
Zhuhai (Shangheng, Doumen; Tanka) 點解
Zhuhai (Doumen) 點解
Jiangmen (Baisha) 點解
Taishan 幾何, 幾解, 做乜, 為乜, 乜頭路
Kaiping (Chikan) 幾解
Enping (Niujiang) 做乜
Dongguan 點解, 做乜嘢, 做乜, 為乜嘢
Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an) 點解
Shenzhen (Dapeng) 點解
Yangjiang 為乜, 為乜事, 做乜, 做乜事, 做乜嘢
Hepu (Lianzhou) 為物底
Qinzhou 為乜嘢, 為乜
Qinzhou (Xiniujiao) 為乜底
Beihai 為乜嘢
Beihai (Nankang) 做乜嘢
Beihai (Yingpan) 為乜底
Beihai (Qiaogang - Cô Tô) 做乜嘢, 為乜
Beihai (Qiaogang - Cát Bà) 做乜嘢
Fangchenggang (Fangcheng) 做乜嘢, 為乜
Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) 點解
Singapore (Guangfu) 點解
Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu) 做乜嘢
Móng Cái 點解, 為乜
Yangon (Taishan) 幾解
Gan Nanchang 為什哩
Pingxiang 為咋個, 為咋哩, 做咋個, 做咋哩, 何解
Hakka Meixian 做麼個
Huizhou (Huicheng; Bendihua) 做乜嘢, 做嘢
Dongguan (Qingxi) 做麼個
Shenzhen (Shatoujiao) 做麼個
Zhongshan (Wuguishan) 仰解, 做乜嘢
Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui) 為乜嘢
Guangzhou (Lütian, Conghua) 為麼個
Miaoli (N. Sixian) 做麼個
Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) 做麼個
Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) 做麼個
Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) 做麼個
Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) 做麼個
Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) 做麼個
Hong Kong 做麼個
Kuching (Hepo) 做乜個
Jin Taiyuan 為甚, 因為甚, 幹什
Xinzhou 𠰻們
Northern Min Jian'ou 為孰事, 做孰事
Eastern Min Fuzhou 蔣其, 蔣講, 做什乇, 做什名, 幹乜勢, 傒勢
Fuzhou (Changle) 傒勢
Fuqing 介計
Yongtai 蔣其
Gutian 做什乇
Fu'an 做乜乇
Ningde 做乇
Shouning 做呢乇
Zhouning 做乜乇
Fuding 做哪乇
Matsu 為什乇, 蔣其, 蔣講, 做什乇, 傒勢
Southern Min Xiamen 為什物, 按怎, 物代, 敢咧, 創什物
Quanzhou 按怎, 物代
Jinjiang 為啥物
Zhangzhou 按怎
Zhao'an 為甚物
Dongshan 為甚物
Taipei 為啥物, 是按怎
Penang (Hokkien) 何物事, 做物事, 做物
Singapore (Hokkien) 按怎
Manila (Hokkien) 敢哪, 敢哪誌
Chaozhou 做呢
Shantou 做呢
Shantou (Chaoyang) 做呢
Singapore (Teochew) 做呢
Leizhou 作乜, 因乜
Wenchang 作乜, 因乜, 怎作
Haikou 作乜, 作個乜, 作乜物, 因乜, 因個乜
Singapore (Hainanese) 作乜
Zhongshan Min Zhongshan (Longdu, Shaxi) 為乜嘢
Southern Pinghua Nanning (Tingzi) 做門, 做哪門, 為哪門
Waxiang Guzhang (Gaofeng) 為什個
Wu Shanghai 啥體, 為啥, 做啥, 啥講究, 為啥體, 啥個講究, 啥道理, 為啥道理, 啥個路道, 啥個緣故
Shanghai (Chongming) 為何, 做何
Suzhou 為啥, 為點啥, 做啥, 啥體, 為啥體
Danyang 為點高, 做點高
Hangzhou 為啥
Wenzhou 妝乜, 為何呢, 為乜事幹
Jinhua 為淡事幹, 為待西
Xiang Changsha 為麼子, 何解
Xiangtan 奚解
Loudi 嗎介
Shuangfeng 為麼子, 做麼子

Compounds

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Japanese

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Shinjitai
(extended)

⿱爫夫

Kyūjitai

奚

Kanji

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奚

(Hyōgai kanji, kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form ⿱爫夫)

  1. servant
  2. what
  3. why

Readings

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  • On (unclassified): けい (kei)
  • Kun: なんぞ (nanzo, 奚ぞ)、なに (nani, 奚)、しもべ (shimobe, 奚)[1]

References

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  1. ^ “奚”, in 漢字ぺディア [Kanjipedia]‎[1] (in Japanese), The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation, 2015–2024

Korean

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Hanja

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奚 • (hae) (hangeul 해, revised hae, McCune–Reischauer hae)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

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Han character

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奚: Hán Nôm readings: hề

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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