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Karakurt-class corvette

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Burya
Class overview
NameKarakurt class
Builders
Operators Russian Navy
Preceded byBuyan class
Costapprox. RUB2 billion (2017)[1] (US$34.3 million)
Built2015–present
In service2018–present
Planned16[2][3]
Building3
Completed13
Active5
General characteristics
TypeGuided-missile corvette
Displacement800 tons (860 tons after first two vessels)
Length67 m (219 ft 10 in)
Beam11 m (36 ft 1 in)
Draft3.3 m (10 ft 10 in)
Propulsion
Speed30 knots (56 km/h; 35 mph)
Range2,500 nmi (4,600 km; 2,900 mi)
Endurance15 days
Complement50–70
Sensors and
processing systems
Armament
Aircraft carriedLauncher for Orlan-10 UAV[4]

The Karakurt class, Russian designation Project 22800 Karakurt (Russian: Каракурт, lit. 'black widow spider'), is a class of Russian Navy corvettes (small missile ships) first commissioned in 2018.

The class is intended as a more seaworthy, blue-water complement to the Buyan-M-class corvettes, designed for the littoral zone and which as of 2015 serve in Russia's Caspian Flotilla, Baltic Fleet and Black Sea Fleet.[clarification needed][5][irrelevant citation] The ships are designed to be armed with Kalibr or Oniks anti-ship cruise missiles and have an endurance of 15 days.[citation needed] They are also to be a cheap alternative for larger Admiral Grigorovich-class frigates, for which construction was delayed due to the suspended military cooperation with Ukraine, and because of Russia's intention to continue the modernization of its navy until all necessary tasks for construction of larger vessels domestically are solved.[6][failed verification] Delays in the supply of domestically-produced engines for the Karakurt class have held up the completion of several ships.[7]

History

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Project 22800 was first publicly presented by Almaz during the International Military-Technical Forum «ARMY-2015», held in Kubinka. At the time, the class was presented yet as "Project 12300". During the exhibition, it was also announced 18 ships are planned for construction.[2]

The first two ships, Uragan ("hurricane", now Mytishchi) and Taifun ("typhoon", now Sovetsk), were laid down at the Pella Shipyard in Saint Petersburg on 24 December 2015.[8][9]

In August 2016, it was reported that a total of seven ships have been ordered from the Pella Shipyard (one of which would be built at More Shipyard, Feodosia), and that five more ships have been ordered from the Zelenodolsk Shipyard.[10] Three of the five ordered ships, Tsiklon ("cyclone"), Askold and Amur, previously planned to be built by the Zelenodolsk Shipyard, were later laid down at the Zalyv Shipbuilding yard in Kerch, in occupied Crimea, Ukraine.

Launching of Burya at the Pella Shipyard

On 29 July 2017, the lead ship of the class was launched.[11]

The Russian Defence Ministry signed a contract for several more vessels during the International ARMY-2017 Military-Technical Forum.[citation needed]

In May 2018, it was reported Mytishchi was undergoing sea trials in Lake Ladoga and the Baltic Sea.[12]

During the International Military-Technical Forum «ARMY-2018», the Russian Defence Ministry signed two contracts for construction of another six vessels. Two ships of the order would be built by the Vostochnaya Verf, Vladivostok and four ships by the Amur Shipyard, Komsomolsk-on-Amur.[13][14]

On 16 October 2018, Mytishchi began state tests in the White Sea,[15] and was officially accepted into service on 17 December 2018.[16]

Ukrainian forces targeted the Zalyv shipyard with cruise missiles on 4 November 2023. Russian forces stated that a ship was hit.[17] Subsequent imagery appeared to show Askold had been badly damaged.[18][19] Politico speculated that the ship was hit by a SCALP-EG air-launched cruise missile.[20]

Design

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AK-176MA on Tsiklon

Project 22800 derives from Project 12300 Skorpion, a proposed 1990s Almaz design for a 500-ton displacement missile boat,[21] and was also heavily influenced by Project 21631, the Buyan-M corvettes.[2] Ships of the class have a stealth shaped superstructure with an integrated mast carrying four phased array radar panels.[2] The primary armament consists of Kalibr cruise missiles or P-800 Oniks supersonic anti-ship missiles carried in eight UKSK VLS cells in the rear part of the superstructure, behind the bridge.[2] The corvettes built for the Russian Navy will be equipped with a 76.2 mm AK-176MA automatic dual-purpose gun, a modernized version of the AK-176. However, at least on the first ship, the 100 mm A-190 was installed.[22] A proposed export version may carry the Italian OTO Melara 76 mm gun.[23] For anti-missile defense, the first two ships carry a pair of AK-630M gun-based CIWS and were upgraded with the Tor-M2KM which is a modular variant of the Tor missile system. [24] [25]

Starting from the third ship, they will be equipped with Pantsir-M, a navalized version of the Pantsir surface-to-air missile system.[1] The third vessel of the class, Odintsovo, entered service in the Baltic Fleet with the Pantsir-M system in November 2020.[26] The project 22800 is not designed for anti-submarine warfare.

Ships

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Italics indicate estimates

Name Yard No. Builders Laid down Launched Commissioned Fleet Status
Mytishchi (ex-Uragan) 251 Pella Shipyard 24 December 2015[8] 29 July 2017[11] 17 December 2018[27] Baltic Active
Sovetsk (ex-Taifun) 252 Pella Shipyard 24 December 2015[8] 24 November 2017[28] 12 October 2019[29] Baltic Active
Kozelsk (ex-Shtorm) 254 More Shipyard 10 May 2016[30][31] 9 October 2019[32] 2024[33] Baltic[34] Launched
Tsiklon 801 Zalyv Shipbuilding yard 26 July 2016 24 July 2020[35] 12 July 2023[36] Black Sea Unknown, claimed destroyed[37]
Odintsovo (ex-Shkval) 253 Pella Shipyard 29 July 2016[38] 5 May 2018[39] 21 November 2020[40] Baltic Active
Askold [ru] (ex-Musson) 802 Zalyv Shipbuilding yard 18 November 2016 21 September 2021[41] 2024[42] Black Sea Damaged by missile strike on 4 November 2023[43]
Kaluga (ex-Burya) 257 Pella Shipyard 24 December 2016[44][45] 23 October 2018[46][47] 2024[48][33] Baltic Sea trials[49]
Okhotsk 255 More Shipyard 17 March 2017[50] 29 October 2019[32] 2028[51] Black Sea Launched
Amur (ex-Passat) 803 Zalyv Shipbuilding yard 30 July 2017 26 December 2022[52] 26 August 2024 Caspian Sea Active[53]
Vikhr 256 More Shipyard 19 December 2017[54] 13 November 2019[55] 2030[51] Black Sea Launched
Tucha 804 Zelenodolsk Shipyard 26 February 2019[56] 30 June 2023[57] 2024[42] Black Sea[58] Launched
Rzhev 201 Amur Shipyard 1 July 2019[59] 27 September 2023[60][61] 2026[62][63] Pacific Launched
Udomlya 202 Amur Shipyard 1 July 2019[59] 27 September 2023[60][61] 2026[64][63] Pacific Launched
Taifun 805 Zelenodolsk Shipyard 11 September 2019[65] 7 May 2024[66][67] 2025[68] Black Sea Launched[69]
Shtorm 204 Amur Shipyard 26 December 2019[70] Pacific Under construction
Uragan 203 Amur Shipyard 29 July 2020[71][72] Pacific Under construction
? Vostochnaya Verf Pacific Cancelled[3]
? Vostochnaya Verf Pacific Cancelled[3]

Controversy

[edit]

In November 2022, an arbitration court in Moscow held the first preliminary hearing for a lawsuit against Pella Shipyard of St Petersburg, in which the Russian Defence Ministry is seeking 1.4 billion Rubles (US$23.1 million) over allegations the company was "failing to fulfill supply contracts."[73]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b Герман Костринский (31 July 2017). ""Каракурты" размажут по верфям". Kommersant (in Russian). Archived from the original on 1 August 2017. Retrieved 1 August 2017.
  2. ^ a b c d e Станислав Закарян (24 September 2016). "В Зеленодольске начнется строительство первого МРК проекта 22800 "Каракурт"". Оружие России (in Russian). Archived from the original on 2 August 2017. Retrieved 1 August 2017.
  3. ^ a b c "Восточная верфь готовится к неполной рабочей неделе из-за расторжения контракта с Минобороны" (in Russian). Sudostroenie.info. 17 September 2020. Retrieved 17 September 2020.
  4. ^ "Судьба "Каракурта": распределена первая партия малых ракетных кораблей". Izvestia (in Russian). 21 May 2020. Archived from the original on 2020-05-29. Retrieved 2020-09-11.
  5. ^ Юрий Макаров; Александр Мозговой (30 July 2015). "Через тернии… к здравому смыслу". Национальная оборона (in Russian). Archived from the original on 13 February 2017. Retrieved 2 November 2016.
  6. ^ "Минобороны заявило, что ОПК "немножко сорвал" срок сдачи двух фрегатов". RIA Novosti (in Russian). 24 December 2015. Retrieved 27 May 2019.
  7. ^ "Analysis: Russia to change laws to renew Navy strength". Navy Recognition. 22 January 2020.
  8. ^ a b c "Осуществлена торжественная закладка двух малых ракетных кораблей проекта 22800 стр. № 251 "Ураган" и стр. № 252 "Тайфун"". Pella Shipyard (in Russian). 24 December 2015. Retrieved 26 May 2019.
  9. ^ "2 New Project 22800 Corvettes Uragan & Typhoon Laid Down by Pella Shipyard for Russian Navy". Navy Recognition. 26 December 2015. Archived from the original on 2016-08-11. Retrieved 2016-08-10.
  10. ^ Тимур Латыпов (2 August 2016). "Говорят, замминистра обороны Юрий Борисов сильно любит завод имени Горького…". Бизнес Online (in Russian). Archived from the original on 12 November 2016. Retrieved 2 November 2016.
  11. ^ a b "Корабль "Ураган" проекта 22800 передадут Минобороны до конца года". RIA Novosti (in Russian). 29 July 2017. Archived from the original on 29 July 2017. Retrieved 29 July 2017.
  12. ^ "Головной малый ракетный корабль проекта 22800 "Ураган" вышел на заводские ходовые испытания". bmpd.livejournal.com (in Russian). 18 May 2018. Retrieved 27 May 2019.
  13. ^ "Дальневосточные верфи построят для Минобороны шесть "Каракуртов"". TASS (in Russian). 22 August 2018. Archived from the original on 14 December 2018. Retrieved 28 February 2019.
  14. ^ "Новые контракты Министерства обороны России". bmpd.livejournal.com (in Russian). 23 August 2018. Retrieved 27 May 2019.
  15. ^ "Головной малый ракетный корабль "Ураган" проекта 22800 начал Государственные испытания". bmpd.livejournal.com (in Russian). 20 October 2018. Retrieved 27 May 2019.
  16. ^ "Малый ракетный корабль "Ураган" все-таки стал "Мытищами"". bmpd.livejournal.com (in Russian). 18 December 2018. Retrieved 27 May 2019.
  17. ^ "One of Russia's 'most modern ships' target of Ukraine's successful Storm Shadow strike on Kerch shipyard — UA Air Force". NV. Retrieved 2023-11-05.
  18. ^ "Russians take 'operational pause' after Ukrainian army strikes Kerch shipyard". NV. Retrieved 2023-11-05.
  19. ^ "New Russian naval corvette damaged in Ukraine cruise missile attack on Crimea base". The Independent. 2023-11-09. Retrieved 2023-11-09.
  20. ^ "Moscow bombs Odesa after Ukraine destroys Russian warship in Crimea". 6 November 2023.
  21. ^ One Project 12300 boat was laid down in 2001 in Rybinsk, but never completed.
  22. ^ "Экипажи морской авиации БФ обеспечили проведение завершающего этапа госиспытаний МРК "Мытищи"". Armstrade.org (in Russian). Archived from the original on 2018-12-09. Retrieved 2018-12-09.
  23. ^ "Индии предложат МРК "Каракурт" с итальянской 76-мм артустановкой". FlotProm (in Russian). 25 May 2017. Archived from the original on 22 July 2017. Retrieved 1 August 2017.
  24. ^ "Russia's Karakurt-class corvettes - slow, but forward".
  25. ^ "Russia Installs Tor-M2KM SAM on Sovetsk Corvette".
  26. ^ "Analysis 1/5: Review about Pantsir-M Russian-made medium-range naval air defense missile system". Navy Recognition. 24 November 2020.
  27. ^ "Russian Navy gets lead cruise missile corvette". TASS. 17 December 2018. Archived from the original on 18 December 2018. Retrieved 18 December 2018.
  28. ^ "Малый ракетный корабль "Тайфун", оснащенный крылатыми ракетами "Калибр", спустили на воду в Петербурге" (in Russian). Interfax. 24 November 2017. Archived from the original on 30 November 2017. Retrieved 24 November 2017.
  29. ^ "В Балтийске торжественно поднят Военно-морской флаг на новейшем малом ракетном корабле "Советск"" (Press release) (in Russian). Ministry of Defence of Russian. 12 October 2019. Retrieved 12 October 2019.
  30. ^ "В Феодосии на ССЗ "Море" заложен малый ракетный корабль "Шторм"". sdelanounas.ru (in Russian). 10 May 2016. Retrieved 26 May 2019.
  31. ^ "Morye Shipyard Lays Down 3rd Project 22800 Shtorm Missile Craft in Crimean City of Feodosiya". Navy Recognition. 11 May 2016. Retrieved 27 May 2019.
  32. ^ a b "В Феодосии спущены на воду малые ракетные корабли «Козельск» и «Охотск» проекта 22800". bmpd.livejournal.com (in Russian). 5 November 2019. Retrieved 5 November 2019.
  33. ^ a b "Источник назвал корабли, которые усилят Балтийский флот в 2024 году". flotprom.ru (in Russian). 6 June 2024.
  34. ^ "Не хватало малого: ракетный "Каракурт" отправят на Балтику" (in Russian). Izvestia. 6 April 2021. Retrieved 7 April 2021.
  35. ^ "Crimean Shipyard floats out advanced cruise missile corvette". TASS. 24 July 2020. Retrieved 24 July 2020.
  36. ^ "Latest Karakurt-class missile corvette joins Russian Navy". TASS. 12 July 2023. Retrieved 12 July 2023.
  37. ^ Dysa, Yuliia; Malenko, Anastasia (May 21, 2024). "Ukraine says it destroys Russian missile ship in Crimea strike". Reuters. Thomson Reuters. Retrieved 22 May 2024.
  38. ^ "В Ленобласти заложили малый ракетный корабль "Шквал" для ВМФ" (in Russian). RIA Novosti. 29 July 2016. Retrieved 26 May 2019.
  39. ^ "Состоялась торжественная церемония спуска на воду второго серийного малого ракетного корабля проекта 22800 "Шквал", стр. № 253" (Press release) (in Russian). Pella Shipyard. 5 May 2018. Archived from the original on 7 May 2018. Retrieved 5 May 2018.
  40. ^ "Малый ракетный корабль "Одинцово" с зенитным комплексом "Панцирь-М" приняли в состав ВМФ" [Small missile ship "Odintsovo" with anti-aircraft complex "Pantsir-M" was accepted into the Navy] (in Russian). ТАSS. 21 November 2020.
  41. ^ "Crimean Shipyard floats out advanced missile corvette for Russian Navy". TASS. 21 September 2021. Retrieved 21 September 2021.
  42. ^ a b "Черноморский флот получит три "Каракурта" в 2024 году". flotprom.ru (in Russian). 2 April 2024.
  43. ^ Starkova, Maria; Monaghan, Elaine (2023-11-04). "Ukraine hits Russian shipyard in Crimea port, damages ship". Reuters. Retrieved 2023-11-05.
  44. ^ "Малый ракетный корабль "Буря" заложен на верфи в Санкт-Петербурге" (in Russian). TASS. 24 December 2016. Retrieved 26 May 2019.
  45. ^ "Pella Shipyard Laid Keel of 4th Project 22800 Karakurt-class Corvette for Russian Navy". Navy Recognition. 28 December 2016. Retrieved 27 May 2019.
  46. ^ "Small missile ship floated out in northwest Russia". TASS. 23 October 2018. Archived from the original on 24 October 2018. Retrieved 23 October 2018.
  47. ^ http://files.balancer.ru/forums/attaches/2023/09/05-11726429-pereimenovaniya.jpg [bare URL image file]
  48. ^ "ВМФ России пополнят ракетный корабль "Буря" и подлодка "Кронштадт"". 3 January 2024.
  49. ^ "Новый "Каракурт" с "Калибрами" приступил к ходовым испытаниям на Балтике". flotprom.ru (in Russian). 17 October 2022. Retrieved 21 January 2023.
  50. ^ "В Феодосии заложили малый ракетный корабль проекта "Каракурт"". RIA Novosti (in Russian). 17 March 2017. Retrieved 26 May 2019.
  51. ^ a b ""Судостроительный завод "Пелла" намерен через суд продлить сроки сдачи трёх малых ракетных кораблей "Каракурт". Передать заказчику последний из них предлагается в октябре 2030 года."". dp.ru (in Russian). 14 December 2023.
  52. ^ "Малый ракетный корабль-корвет проекта 22800 "Каракурт" (267/271) [Форумы Balancer.Ru]".
  53. ^ "Russian Navy accepts latest Project 22800 missile corvette Amur for service". TASS. 2024-08-26. Retrieved 2024-08-27.
  54. ^ "Малый ракетный корабль "Вихрь" проекта 22800 "Каракурт" заложат в Феодосии". TASS (in Russian). 19 December 2017. Archived from the original on 22 December 2017. Retrieved 19 December 2017.
  55. ^ "В Феодосии спущен на воду малый ракетный корабль «Вихрь» проекта 22800". bmpd.livejournal.com (in Russian). 2 December 2019. Retrieved 2 December 2019.
  56. ^ "Закладка корпуса малого ракетного корабля проекта 22800" (Press release) (in Russian). Zelenodolsk Shipyard. 26 February 2019. Archived from the original on 6 March 2019. Retrieved 28 February 2019.
  57. ^ "В Зеленодольске спустили на воду МРК "Туча"". flotprom.ru (in Russian). 30 June 2023.
  58. ^ "Zelenodolsk Shipyard Launches Project 22800 Tucha". Sea Waves Magazine. 3 July 2023.
  59. ^ a b "На Амурском судостроительном заводе заложили два малых ракетных корабля проекта 22800" (Press release) (in Russian). United Shipbuilding Corporation. 11 September 2019. Retrieved 11 September 2019.
  60. ^ a b "Первые два корабля серии "Каракурт" готовятся к спуску на воду на Амурском судостроительном заводе". vestidv.ru (in Russian). 18 July 2023.
  61. ^ a b "Первую пару "Каракуртов" для Тихоокеанского флота подготовили к спуску на воду". flotprom.ru (in Russian). 21 September 2023.
  62. ^ "Small Missile Ships - Project 22800".
  63. ^ a b "Корабелы АСЗ спустят на воду первую пару "Каракуртов" до июля 2023 года". flotprom.ru (in Russian). 19 January 2023.
  64. ^ "Small Missile Ships - Project 22800".
  65. ^ "Торжественная церемония закладки МРК проекта 22800 «Тайфун»" (Press release) (in Russian). Zelenodolsk Shipyard. 11 September 2019. Archived from the original on 19 September 2019. Retrieved 19 September 2019.
  66. ^ "Два новых боевых корабля для ВМФ будут одновременно спущены на воду в мае". interfax.ru (in Russian). 30 April 2024.
  67. ^ "На заводе им. Горького спустили на воду корабль «Виктор Великий» и МРК «Тайфун»". tatar-inform.ru (in Russian). 7 May 2024.
  68. ^ "В Татарстане спустили на воду два предназначенных для ВМФ корабля". flotprom.ru (in Russian). 8 May 2024.
  69. ^ "Зеленодольский завод намерен завершить серию "Каракуртов" к октябрю 2022 года". ФлотПром (in Russian). Retrieved 2020-01-27.
  70. ^ "На Амурском судостроительном заводе заложили малый ракетный корабль" (Press release) (in Russian). United Shipbuilding Corporation. 26 December 2019. Retrieved 27 December 2019.
  71. ^ "На Амурском судостроительном заводе заложили малый ракетный корабль" (Press release) (in Russian). United Shipbuilding Corporation. 29 July 2020. Retrieved 29 July 2020.
  72. ^ "Амурский судостроительный завод и судостроение на Дальнем Востоке (119/120) [Форумы Balancer.Ru]".
  73. ^ Russian shipyard and Defence Ministry tangle over ship price in court, DefenseNews.com, 2022-11-24
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