2017 Virginia gubernatorial election
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Turnout | 47.6% ![]() | ||||||||||||||||
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Northam: 40–50% 50–60% 60–70% 70–80% 80–90% 90–100% Gillespie: 40–50% 50–60% 60–70% 70–80% 80–90% 90–100% Tie: 40–50% No votes | |||||||||||||||||
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Elections in Virginia |
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The 2017 Virginia gubernatorial election was held on November 7, 2017. Incumbent Democratic Governor Terry McAuliffe was unable to run for re-election, as the Constitution of Virginia prohibits the officeholder from serving consecutive terms; he later ran unsuccessfully for a second term in 2021.
Primary elections took place on June 13, 2017. Virginia utilizes an open primary, in which registered voters are allowed to vote in either party's primary election.[2] Democrats nominated incumbent Lieutenant Governor Ralph Northam and Republicans nominated former RNC Chair Ed Gillespie. Libertarians nominated Clifford Hyra by convention on May 6, 2017.[3]
In the general election on November 7, 2017, Northam defeated Republican Gillespie, winning by the largest margin for a Democrat since 1985. Northam assumed office as the 73rd Governor of Virginia on January 13, 2018.[4] The election had the highest voter turnout percentage in a Virginia gubernatorial election in twenty years, with over 47% of registered voters casting their ballot.[5]
Democratic primary
[edit]Candidates
[edit]Nominee
[edit]Eliminated in primary
[edit]- Tom Perriello, former U.S. Representative[8]
Declined
[edit]- Gerry Connolly, U.S. Representative[9][10]
- Mark Herring, Attorney General of Virginia (running for re-election)[11]
- Brian Moran, Virginia Secretary of Public Safety, former state delegate and candidate for governor in 2009[12]
Endorsements
[edit]- Federal elected officials
- Rosa DeLauro, U.S. Representative from Connecticut[13]
- Russ Feingold, former U.S. Senator from Wisconsin[14]
- Bernie Sanders, U.S. Senator from Vermont[15]
- Elizabeth Warren, U.S. Senator from Massachusetts[16]
- Local elected officials
- Ryan Sawyers, Chairman of the Prince William County School Board; candidate for Virginia's 1st congressional district in 2018[17]
- Individuals
- LuAnn Bennett, Democratic candidate for Virginia's 10th congressional district in the 2016 election[18]
- John W. Boyd Jr., President of the National Black Farmers Association[19]
- Jon Carson, former White House Director of the Office of Public Engagement for U.S. President Barack Obama[20]
- Nancy-Ann DeParle, former White House Deputy Chief of Staff to U.S. President Barack Obama[20]
- Patrick Gaspard, former United States Ambassador to South Africa and former White House Director of Political Affairs to U.S. President Barack Obama[20]
- Teddy Goff, former Obama campaign Digital Director[20]
- Larry Grisolano, former Obama campaign Director of Paid Media[20]
- Hannah Hart, internet personality[21]
- Valerie Jarrett, former Senior Advisor to the President and former Director of White House Office of Public Engagement and Intergovernmental Affairs for U.S. President Barack Obama[20]
- Khizr and Ghazala Khan, gold star family[22]
- Jon Lovett, former speechwriter for Hillary Clinton and President Barack Obama; co-host of progressive political podcast Pod Save America[23]
- Dave Matthews, musician[24]
- Bill McKibben, environmental activist and founder of 350.org[25]
- Cecilia Muñoz, former White House Director of the Domestic Policy Council for U.S. President Barack Obama[20]
- Jennifer Palmieri, former White House Director of Communications for U.S. President Barack Obam[20]
- Daniel Pfeiffer, former Senior Advisor to U.S. President Barack Obama for Strategy and Communications; co-host of progressive political podcast Pod Save America[20]
- David Plouffe, President Barack Obama's 2008 campaign manager[20]
- John Podesta, columnist and former chairman of 2016 Hillary Clinton presidential campaign[26]
- Christina Reynolds, former White House Director of Media Affairs for U.S. President Barack Obama[20]
- Amy Rosenbaum, former White House Director of Legislative Affairs for U.S. President Barack Obama[20]
- Mark Ruffalo, actor[27]
- Julianna Smoot, former White House Social Secretary to U.S. President Barack Obama[20]
- Neera Tanden, domestic policy adviser and the president of the Center for American Progress[28]
- Tina Tchen, former Chief of Staff for First Lady of the United States Michelle Obama[20]
- Organizations
- Climate Hawks Vote, a super-PAC that supports candidates who set climate change as a top priority on their agenda[29]
- Friends of the Earth, an international network of environmental organizations in 74 countries[30]
- Our Revolution, a progressive political action group spun off of the Bernie Sanders presidential campaign, 2016
- People's Action, a progressive group that advocates for the representation of everyone[31]
- Progressive Change Campaign Committee, a PAC which focuses on building progressive power through advocacy campaigns for "big ideas" and campaigning for "bold progressive" candidates[32]
- Newspapers
Polling
[edit]Poll source | Date(s) administered |
Sample size |
Margin of error |
Ralph Northam |
Tom Perriello |
Other | Undecided |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Change Research | June 8–10, 2017 | 919 | ± 3.1% | 46% | 54% | — | — |
Hampton University | June 1–6, 2017 | 750 | ± 4.2% | 21% | 29% | — | 50% |
HaystaqDNA (D-Perriello) | June 1–6, 2017 | 455 | — | 36% | 37% | — | 29% |
Garin-Hart-Yang (D-Northam) | May 15–17, 2017 | 601 | ± 4.0% | 50% | 33% | — | 17% |
Washington Post-Schar School | May 9–14, 2017 | 351 | ± 6.0% | 38% | 40% | — | 18% |
Public Policy Polling (D) | May 9–10, 2017 | 745 | ± 3.6% | 45% | 35% | — | 21% |
Public Policy Polling (D) | April 13–14, 2017 | 586 | ± 4.1% | 42% | 28% | — | 30% |
Quinnipiac University | April 6–10, 2017 | 483 | ± 4.5% | 20% | 25% | 1% | 51% |
Christopher Newport University | March 16–26, 2017 | 391 | ± 5.4% | 26% | 26% | 3% | 45% |
Quinnipiac University Archived February 17, 2017, at the Wayback Machine | February 10–15, 2017 | 462 | ± 4.6% | 19% | 19% | 3% | 61% |
Christopher Newport University | January 15–28, 2017 | 464 | ± 4.8% | 15% | 26% | 1% | 58% |
Poll source | Date(s) administered |
Sample size |
Margin of error |
Mark Herring |
Ralph Northam |
Other | Undecided |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Public Policy Polling | July 13–15, 2015 | 409 | ± 4.9% | 33% | 9% | — | 58% |
Results
[edit]![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Virginia_Democratic_gubernatorial_primary_results_by_county%2C_2017.svg/227px-Virginia_Democratic_gubernatorial_primary_results_by_county%2C_2017.svg.png)
- Northam—>90%
- Northam—80–90%
- Northam—70–80%
- Northam—60–70%
- Northam—50–60%
- Tie
- Perriello—50–60%
- Perriello—60–70%
- Perriello—70–80%
- Perriello—80–90%
- Perriello—>90%
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Democratic | Ralph Northam | 303,846 | 55.9% | |
Democratic | Tom Perriello | 239,505 | 44.1% | |
Total votes | 543,351 | 100 |
Republican primary
[edit]Candidates
[edit]Nominee
[edit]- Ed Gillespie, former chairman of the Republican National Committee; nominee for the U.S. Senate in 2014[7][36]
Eliminated in primary
[edit]- Corey Stewart, chairman of the Prince William Board of County Supervisors and candidate for lieutenant governor in 2013[37]
- Frank Wagner, state senator[38]
Failed to qualify
[edit]- Emmanuel Peter, bishop[39]
Withdrew
[edit]- Denver Riggleman, businessman[40][41]
- Rob Wittman, U.S. Representative[42][43]
Declined
[edit]- Bill Bolling, former lieutenant governor of Virginia[44]
- Eric Cantor, former Majority Leader of the United States House of Representatives[45][46]
- Ken Cuccinelli, former Attorney General of Virginia; nominee for governor in 2013[47]
- Randy Forbes, former U.S. Representative[48][49][50]
- Tom Garrett Jr., U.S. Representative[51]
- Shak Hill, financial consultant and candidate for the U.S. Senate in 2014[47]
- Jeff McWaters, former state senator[52][53][54]
- Mark Obenshain, state senator; nominee for attorney general in 2013[55]
- Pete Snyder, technology executive and candidate for lieutenant governor in 2013[52][56][57]
Endorsements
[edit]- National figures
- Bay Buchanan, former United States Treasurer[58]
- Military figures
- LTC Louis E Dorfman III, Purple Heart recipient[59]
- State figures
- Cynthia Dunbar, Committeewoman of the Republican National Committee for Virginia[60]
- Organizations
- Tea Party Nation, conservative group[61]
- Virginia Citizens Defense League, pro-gun organization[62]
- Newspapers
- Notable people
- Elwood Sanders, attorney, contributor to Virginia Right![64]
- John Watkins, former state senator[65]
Polling
[edit]Poll source | Date(s) administered |
Sample size |
Margin of error |
Ed Gillespie |
Corey Stewart |
Frank Wagner |
Rob Wittman |
Other | Undecided |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Change Research | June 8–10, 2017 | 919 | ± 3.1% | 41% | 42% | 16% | — | — | — |
Washington Post-Schar School | May 9–14, 2017 | 264 | ± 7.0% | 38% | 18% | 15% | — | — | 24% |
Quinnipiac University | April 6–10, 2017 | 435 | ± 4.7% | 28% | 12% | 7% | — | 2% | 51% |
Christopher Newport University | March 16–26, 2017 | 349 | ± 5.7% | 38% | 11% | 10% | — | 3% | 38% |
Quinnipiac University Archived February 17, 2017, at the Wayback Machine | February 10–15, 2017 | 419 | ± 4.8% | 24% | 7% | 2% | — | 6% | 59% |
Christopher Newport University | January 15–28, 2017 | 418 | ± 5.0% | 33% | 7% | 9% | — | 3% | 48% |
Quinnipiac University Archived December 20, 2016, at the Wayback Machine | December 6–11, 2016 | 451 | ± 4.6% | 24% | 4% | 4% | 10% | — | 57% |
Public Opinion Strategies | September 18–21, 2016 | 800 | ± 3.5% | 38% | 5% | 4% | 12% | — | 40% |
Public Policy Polling (D) | June 13–15, 2016 | 1,032 | ± 3.1% | 29% | 13% | — | 16% | — | 41% |
Poll source | Date(s) administered |
Sample size |
Margin of error |
Bill Bolling |
Eric Cantor |
Ken Cuccinelli |
Ed Gillespie |
Mark Obenshain |
Pete Snyder |
Undecided |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Public Policy Polling | July 13–15, 2015 | 502 | 4.4% | 8% | 16% | 37% | 8% | 7% | 1% | 23% |
Results
[edit]![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Virginia_Republican_gubernatorial_primary_results_by_county%2C_2017.svg/227px-Virginia_Republican_gubernatorial_primary_results_by_county%2C_2017.svg.png)
- Gillespie—60–70%
- Gillespie—50–60%
- Gillespie—40–50%
- Gillespie—<40%
- Stewart—40–50%
- Stewart—50–60%
- Stewart—60–70%
- Stewart—70–80%
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Republican | Ed Gillespie | 160,100 | 43.7% | |
Republican | Corey Stewart | 155,780 | 42.5% | |
Republican | Frank Wagner | 50,394 | 13.8% | |
Total votes | 366,274 | 100% |
Libertarian convention
[edit]Candidates
[edit]Nominee
[edit]![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/HyraWiki7.jpg/170px-HyraWiki7.jpg)
- Cliff Hyra, attorney[66]
Withdrawn
[edit]- Jason Carrier
General election
[edit]The race had been closely watched by national observers. For Republicans, National Review wrote that Gillespie's campaign was an important example of whether and how mainstream Republican politics can produce victories in a purple state in the "era of Trumpism" and said that the outcome would affect Republican strategies in future races.[67] Many Democrats believed that the election was a test of whether the party could find its way after losing the 2016 presidential election and several subsequent special elections.[68] NBC News reported that Northam was the "hand-picked" choice of outgoing Governor Terry McAuliffe, and that McAuliffe's legacy and potential 2020 presidential aspirations depended on Northam winning the election.[citation needed]
Debates
[edit]After the primaries, Gillespie challenged Northam to ten debates, but only three were held.[69] The first debate was hosted by the Virginia Bar Association on July 22 in Hot Springs, Virginia.[70] The second was held on September 19, hosted by the Northern Virginia Chamber of Commerce in Tysons Corner, Virginia, and televised statewide by NBC-affiliated TV stations.[71] The third and final debate was held on October 9 at University of Virginia's College at Wise in Wise, Virginia.[72]
Dates | Location | Northam | Gillespie | Link |
---|---|---|---|---|
September 19, 2017 | Tysons, Virginia | Participant | Participant | Full debate - C-SPAN |
October 9, 2017 | Wise, Virginia | Participant | Participant | Full debate - C-SPAN |
Endorsements
[edit]- Federal officials
- George W. Bush, 43rd President of The United States[73][74][75]
- Mike Pence, 48th Vice President of the United States[76][77][78][79]
- Donald Trump, 45th President of the United States[80][81][82][83][84][85]
- U.S. cabinet and U.S. cabinet-level officials
- Steve Bannon, former White House Chief Strategist
- Nikki Haley, 29th U.S. Ambassador to the United Nations and former governor of South Carolina[86]
- Condoleezza Rice, 66th United States Secretary of State and former National Security Advisor[87]
- U.S. Senators
- George Allen, former governor of Virginia and former U.S. Senator (R-VA)[88]
- Tom Cotton, U.S. Senator (R-AR)[88]
- Ted Cruz, U.S. Senator (R-TX)[86]
- Rob Portman, U.S. Senator (R-OH)[89]
- Marco Rubio, U.S. Senator (R-FL)[88]
- Tim Scott, U.S. Senator (R-SC)[90]
- John Warner, former U.S. Senator (R-VA)[91]
- U.S. Representatives
- Barbara Comstock, U.S. Representative (R-VA)[50]
- Randy Forbes, former U.S. Representative (R-VA)[50]
- Newt Gingrich (R-GA), former Speaker of the United States House of Representatives[92]
- Bob Goodlatte, U.S. Representative (R-VA)[50]
- Morgan Griffith, U.S. Representative (R-VA)[93]
- Robert Hurt, former U.S. Representative (R-VA)[50]
- Frank Wolf, former U.S. Representative (R-VA)[94]
- U.S. Governors
- Matt Bevin, Governor of Kentucky[95]
- Doug Ducey, Governor of Arizona[88]
- Jim Gilmore, former governor of Virginia[96]
- Eric Greitens, Governor of Missouri[97]
- Larry Hogan, Governor of Maryland[98]
- Susana Martinez, Governor of New Mexico[99]
- Bob McDonnell, former governor of Virginia[88]
- Mitt Romney, former governor of Massachusetts; Republican nominee for President of the United States in 2012[100]
- Chris Sununu, Governor of New Hampshire[101]
- Scott Walker, Governor of Wisconsin[88]
- Statewide politicians
- John H. Hager, former Lieutenant Governor of Virginia[88]
- Jerry Kilgore, former Attorney General; nominee for governor in 2005[102]
- Virginia State Senators
- Dick Black, State Senator[94]
- Bill Carrico, State Senator[102]
- Ben Chafin, State Senator[102]
- Amanda Chase, State Senator[88]
- John Cosgrove, State Senator[102]
- Bill DeSteph, State Senator[88]
- Siobhan Dunnavant, State Senator[102]
- Emmett Hanger, State Senator[88]
- Ryan McDougle, State Senator[88]
- Jeff McWaters, State Senator[103]
- Stephen Newman, State Senator[88]
- Tommy Norment, Majority Leader of the Virginia Senate[102]
- Mark Obenshain, State Senator; nominee for Attorney General in 2013[102]
- Mark Peake, State Senator[88]
- Bryce Reeves, State Senator[88]
- Frank Ruff, State Senator[102]
- Ralph Smith, former State Senator[102]
- Bill Stanley, State Senator[88]
- Richard Stuart, State Senator[88]
- Glen Sturtevant, State Senator[102]
- David Suetterlein, State Senator[88]
- Jill Vogel, State Senator, and 2017 Republican nominee for Lieutenant Governor[102]
- Frank Wagner, State Senator[88]
- Virginia State Delegates
- Les Adams, State Delegate[88]
- Dave Albo, State Delegate[102]
- Rich Anderson, State Delegate[88]
- Terry Austin, State Delegate[102]
- Richard Bell, State Delegate[102]
- Kathy Byron, State Delegate[102]
- Jeff Campbell, State Delegate[102]
- Ben Cline, State Delegate[104]
- Mark Cole, State Delegate[88]
- Chris Collins, State Delegate[102]
- Kirk Cox, Majority Leader of the Virginia House of Delegates[102]
- Glenn Davis, state delegate[102]
- Mark Dudenhefer, State Delegate[102]
- James Edmunds, State Delegate[88]
- Matt Fariss, State Delegate[88]
- Peter Farrell, State Delegate[102]
- Buddy Fowler, State Delegate[88]
- Scott Garrett, State Delegate[102]
- Todd Gilbert, State Delegate[102]
- Tag Greason, State Delegate[102]
- Chris Head, State Delegate[102]
- Gordon Helsel, State Delegate[88]
- Keith Hodges, State Delegate[88]
- William Howell, Speaker of the Virginia House of Delegates[102]
- Tim Hugo, State Delegate[102]
- Riley Ingram, State Delegate[102]
- Chris Jones, State Delegate[102]
- Terry Kilgore, State Delegate[102]
- Barry Knight, State Delegate[88]
- Steve Landes, State Delegate[102]
- Dave LaRock, State Delegate[88]
- Jay Leftwich, State Delegate[102]
- James LeMunyon, State Delegate[102]
- Scott Lingamfelter, State Delegate and candidate for lieutenant governor in 2013[102]
- Manoli Loupassi, State Delegate[102]
- Danny Marshall, State Delegate[102]
- Jimmie Massie, State Delegate[88]
- Jackson Miller, State Delegate[88]
- Randy Minchew, State Delegate[102]
- Jason Miyares, State Delegate[102]
- Will Morefield, State Delegate[102]
- John O'Bannon, State Delegate[102]
- Israel O'Quinn, State Delegate[102]
- Bobby Orrock, State Delegate[88]
- Todd Pillion, State Delegate[102]
- Brenda Pogge, State Delegate[88]
- Charles Poindexter, State Delegate[102]
- David Ramadan, former State Delegate[102]
- Margaret Ransone, State Delegate[88]
- Roxann Robinson, State Delegate[102]
- Chris Stolle, State Delegate[102]
- Ron Villanueva, State Delegate[102]
- Lee Ware, State Delegate[88]
- Michael Webert, State Delegate[102]
- Tony Wilt, State Delegate[102]
- Joseph Yost, State Delegate[102]
- Local officeholders
- Jessica Abbott, Virginia Beach Councilwoman[103]
- Preston Banks, Manassas Park City Councilmember[105]
- Sheryl Bass, Manassas City Councilmember[105]
- Sam Boone, Chesapeake School Board Member[103]
- Tony Buffington, Loudoun County Supervisor[105]
- David Bushey, Middlesex County Sheriff[106]
- Scott Cameron, Director of the Northern Virginia Soil and Water Conservation Board[105]
- Thomas Cannella, Poquoson Councilman[103]
- Mike Chapman, Loudoun County Sheriff[105]
- Bill Cleveland, former Alexandria City Mayor[105]
- John Cook, Fairfax County Supervisor[107]
- Trevor Craddock, Craig County Sheriff[108]
- Christie Craig, Chesapeake School Board Member[103]
- Lonnie Craig, Chesapeake Councilman[103]
- David Decatur, Stafford County Sheriff[105]
- Robert Deeds, Sheriff of Williamsburg & James City County[103]
- Willie Deutsch, Prince William County School Board Member[105]
- Danny Diggs, Sheriff of Poquoson & York County[103]
- Bobby Dyer, Virginia Beach Councilman[103]
- Frank Fannon, former Alexandria City Councilmember[105]
- Jim Fisher, Fauquier County Commonwealth's Attorney[105]
- Dave Foster, former Arlington County School Board Member[105]
- John Frey, Fairfax County Clerk of Court[105]
- Michael Frey, former Fairfax County Supervisor[107]
- Chip Harding, Albemarle County Sheriff[105]
- Roger Harris, Spotsylvania County Sheriff[105]
- Pat Herrity, Fairfax County Supervisor[107]
- Geary Higgins, Loudoun County Supervisor[105]
- Glendell Hill, Prince William County Sheriff[105]
- David Hines, Hanover County Sheriff[105]
- Jeanette Hough, Fairfax County School Board Member[105]
- Robert Ike, Chesapeake Councilman[103]
- Milton Johns, former Prince William County School Board Chairman[105]
- Frank Jones, former Manassas Park City Mayor[105]
- Alan Krasnoff, Mayor of Chesapeake[102]
- Colleen Leary, Chesapeake School Board Member[103]
- Karl Leonard, Chesterfield County Sheriff[105]
- Matthew Letourneau, Loudoun County Supervisor[105]
- Ian Lovejoy, Manassas City Councilmember[105]
- Wendy Maurer, Stafford County Supervisor[105]
- Ron Meyer, Loudoun County Supervisor[105]
- Bob Mosier, Fauquier County Sheriff[105]
- John Moss, Virginia Beach Councilman[103]
- Jim O'Sullivan, Chesapeake City Sheriff[105]
- Hal Parrish, Mayor of Manassas[109]
- Jim Plowman, Loudoun County Commonwealth's Attorney[105]
- Victoria Proffitt, Chesapeake School Board Member[103]
- Patty Reed, former Fairfax County School Board Member[105]
- Debbie Ritter, Chesapeake Councilwoman[103]
- Sue Sadler, James City County Supervisor[103]
- Elizabeth Schultz, Fairfax County School Board Member[105]
- Will Sessoms, Mayor of Virginia Beach[110]
- Suzanne Sloane, Fauquier County School Board Member[105]
- Gary Snellings, Stafford County Supervisor[105]
- Colin Stolle, Virginia Beach Commonwealth's Attorney[103]
- Ken Stolle, Virginia Beach City Sheriff[105]
- Steve Stombres, former Fairfax City Mayor[105]
- Louis Tayon, Chesapeake School Board[103]
- Bob Thomas, Stafford County Supervisor[105]
- Mike Wade, Henrico County Sheriff[105]
- Jonathan Way, former Manassas City Vice Mayor[105]
- Rick West, Vice Mayor of Chesapeake[103]
- Tom Wilson, Fairfax County School Board Member[105]
- Patrice Winter, former Fairfax City Councilmember[105]
- Pat Woodbury, Newport News Councilwoman[103]
- Sandra Young, James City County School Board Member[103]
- Benny Zhang, Williamsburg Councilman[103]
- Party officials and individuals
- Susan Allen, former First Lady of Virginia[109]
- Ward Burton, conservation advocate and Daytona 500 winner[111]
- Paris Dennard, politician strategist[112][full citation needed]
- Carly Fiorina, former CEO of Hewlett-Packard and Republican nominee in United States Senate election in California, 2010[113]
- Hugh Hewitt, radio talk show host[114]
- Ronna McDaniel, Chair of the Republican National Committee[115]
- Avery Pereira, entrepreneur[116]
- Pete Snyder, entrepreneur[57]
- Sean Spicer, former White House Press Secretary[117]
- Corey Stewart, chairman of the Prince William Board of County Supervisors and former candidate[118]
- Jo Thoburn, Chair of the Virginia 10th Congressional District Republican Committee[94]
- Erich Reimer, financial host, conservative columnist, and television commentator[119]
- Donald Trump Jr., businessman, television personality and son of President Donald Trump[120]
- Eric Trump, businessman, television personality and son of President Donald Trump[121]
- Organizations
- Associated Builders and Contractors[122]
- Bikers for Trump[118]
- Citizens for Responsible Energy Solutions[123]
- Michigan Republican Party[124]
- National Federation of Independent Business[125]
- National Right to Life Committee[126]
- Northern Virginia Chamber of Commerce[127]
- Virginia Farm Bureau Federation[128]
- Virginia Fraternal Order of Police[129]
- Virginia Police Benevolent Association[86][130]
- Virginia Retailers and Merchants Association[131]
- Newspapers
- Organizations
- Constitution Party of Virginia[139]
- Notable people
- Wes Benedict, Libertarian Party activist and official, author of Introduction to the Libertarian Party[140]
- Robert Sarvis, attorney, Libertarian nominee for governor in 2013, Libertarian nominee for United States Senate in 2014[141]
- Bob Shannon, founder of the King William Tea Party[142]
- Federal officials
- Joe Biden, 47th Vice President of the United States[143][144][145]
- Barack Obama, 44th President of the United States[146][147][148]
- U.S. cabinet and U.S. cabinet-level officials
- Hillary Clinton, former United States Secretary of State and Democratic nominee for President of the United States in 2016[149][150][151]
- Chris Lu, former United States Deputy Secretary of Labor[152]
- U.S. Senators
- Cory Booker, U.S. Senator (D-NJ)[153]
- Al Franken, U.S. Senator (D-MN)[154]
- Kamala Harris, U.S. Senator (D-CA)[155]
- Tim Kaine, U.S. Senator (D-VA), former governor, and Democratic nominee for Vice President of the United States in 2016[156]
- Catherine Cortez Masto, U.S. Senator (D-NV)[157]
- Mark Warner, U.S. Senator (D-VA) and former governor[156]
- U.S. Representatives
- Don Beyer, U.S. Representative (D-VA) and former lieutenant governor[158]
- Keith Ellison, U.S. Representative (D-MN) and Deputy Chair of the Democratic National Committee[153]
- Gabby Giffords, former U.S. Representative (D-AZ)[159]
- Donald McEachin, U.S. Representative (D-VA)[158]
- Bobby Scott, U.S. Representative (D-VA)[158]
- U.S. Governors
- Howard Dean, former governor of Vermont[160]
- Terry McAuliffe, Governor of Virginia[156]
- Statewide officeholders
- Alison Lundergan Grimes, Secretary of State of Kentucky[161]
- Mark Herring, Attorney General of Virginia[156]
- Virginia State Senators
- George Barker, state senator[162]
- Rosalyn Dance, state senator[162]
- Creigh Deeds, state senator, nominee for attorney general in 2005; nominee for governor in 2009[163]
- Adam Ebbin, state senator[164]
- John Edwards, state senator[162]
- Barbara Favola, state senator[165]
- Janet Howell, state senator[164]
- Lynwood Lewis, state senator[162]
- Mamie Locke, state senator[162]
- Louise Lucas, state senator[162]
- Granger MacFarlane, former state senator[166]
- Dave Marsden, state senator[162]
- Monty Mason, state senator[162]
- Jennifer McClellan, state senator[162]
- Jeremy McPike, state senator[162]
- Chap Petersen, state senator[165]
- Lionell Spruill, state senator[162]
- Scott Surovell, state senator[162]
- Jennifer Wexton, state senator[162]
- Mary Margaret Whipple, former state senator[164]
- Virginia State Delegates
- Lashrecse Aird, state delegate[162]
- Lamont Bagby, state delegate[162]
- John Bell, state delegate[162]
- Jennifer Boysko, state delegate[162]
- David Bulova, state delegate[162]
- Betsy Carr, state delegate[162]
- Richard Cranwell, former Majority Leader of the Virginia House of Delegates and former Chair of the Democratic Party of Virginia[166]
- Eileen Filler-Corn, state delegate[162]
- Cliff Hayes Jr, state delegate[162]
- Steve Heretick, state delegate[162]
- Charniele Herring, state delegate[162]
- Daun Hester, state delegate[162]
- Patrick Hope, state delegate[164]
- Matthew James, state delegate[162]
- Mark Keam, state delegate[165]
- Kaye Kory, state delegate[162]
- Paul Krizek, state delegate[162]
- Rob Krupicka, former state delegate[167]
- Mark Levine, state delegate[164]
- Joseph Lindsey, state delegate[162]
- Alfonso Lopez, state delegate[164]
- Delores McQuinn, state delegate[162]
- Mike Mullin, state delegate[162]
- Kathleen Murphy, state delegate[162]
- Ken Plum, state delegate[162]
- Marcia Price, state delegate[162]
- Sam Rasoul, state delegate[166]
- Dick Saslaw, Minority Leader of the Virginia Senate[162]
- Mark Sickles, state delegate[162]
- Marcus Simon, state delegate[165]
- David Speck, former state delegate and former Alexandria City Councilman[167]
- Rip Sullivan, state delegate[165]
- Luke Torian, state delegate[162]
- David Toscano, Minority Leader of the Virginia House of Delegates[163]
- Roslyn Tyler, state delegate[162]
- Jeion Ward, state delegate[162]
- Vivian Watts, state delegate[162]
- Local officeholders
- Tim Allen, Roanoke Sheriff[166]
- Willie Bailey Sr., Alexandria City Councilman[167]
- Wes Bellamy, Vice-Mayor of Charlottesville[163]
- Muriel Bowser, Mayor of Washington D.C.[168]
- James Brown, Charlottesville Sheriff[163]
- John Chapman, Alexandria City Councilman[167]
- Wendy Davis, former Texas state senator; nominee for Governor of Texas in 2014[169]
- Jane Dittmar, former chair of the Albemarle County Board of Supervisors; nominee for VA-05 in 2016[163]
- Todd Divers, Charlottesville Commissioner of Revenue[163]
- Kerry Donley, former Mayor of Alexandria and former Chair of the Democratic Party of Virginia[167]
- Bill Euille, former Mayor of Alexandria[167]
- Andrew Gillum, Mayor of Tallahassee[170]
- Karen Graf, Alexandria School Board member[167]
- Nancy Horn, Roanoke County Commissioner of Revenue[166]
- Dana Lawhorne, Alexandria Sheriff[167]
- Sherman Lea, Mayor of Roanoke[166]
- Tim Lovain, Alexandria City Councilman[167]
- Andria McClellan, Norfolk City Councilwoman[171]
- Steve McGraw, Roanoke County Clerk of Court[166]
- Del Pepper, Alexandria City Councilwoman[167]
- Bryan Porter, Alexandria Commonwealth Attorney[167]
- Anita Price, Vice Mayor of Roanoke[166]
- Lonnie Rich, former Alexandria City Councilman and former Chair of the Alexandria Democratic Committee[167]
- Ed Semonian, Alexandria Clerk of the Court[167]
- Mike Signer, Mayor of Charlottesville[163]
- Allison Silberberg, Mayor of Alexandria[167]
- Paul Smedberg, Alexandria City Councilman and former Chair of the Alexandria Democratic Committee[167]
- Levar Stoney, Mayor of Richmond and former Secretary of the Commonwealth of Virginia[172]
- Kristin Szakos, Charlottesville City Councilwoman[163]
- David Trinkle, Roanoke City Councilman[166]
- Justin Wilson, Vice Mayor of Alexandria[167]
- Party officials and individuals
- John W. Douglass, retired Air Force Brigadier General, former Assistant Secretary of the Navy; nominee for VA-05 in 2012[163]
- Joe Fitzgerald, former chair of the Virginia 6th Congressional District Democratic Committee[166]
- Lori Haas, Virginia State Director of the Coalition to Stop Gun Violence[173]
- Mike Hamlar, political activist and 2015 State Senate candidate[166]
- Dak Hardwick, former chair of the Alexandria Democratic Committee[167]
- Jaime Harrison, Chair of the South Carolina Democratic Party[174]
- Lisa Hystad, chairwoman of the Virginia 5th Congressional District Democratic Committee[163]
- Susan Kellom, former Chair of the Alexandria Democratic Committee[167]
- Derek Kitts, nominee for VA-09 in 2016[166]
- Greg Louganis, former Olympic swimmer and activist[175]
- Clark Mercer, former Chair of the Alexandria Democratic Committee[167]
- Alyssa Milano, actress and activist[176]
- Pat Mulloy, Democratic Party of Virginia Central Committee member[167]
- Bill Ney, Chair of the Virginia 6th Congressional District Democratic Committee[166]
- Patton Oswalt, actor[177]
- Adam Parkhomenko, political strategist[178]
- Piper Perabo, actress[179]
- Charles Price, Executive Director of the Harrison Museum of African American History[166]
- Mark Ruffalo, actor[180]
- Isaac Sarver, Chair of the Virginia 9th Congressional District Democratic Committee[166]
- Stephanie Schriock, President of EMILY's List[181]
- Organizations
- American Federation of Teachers[182]
- American Muslim Women PAC[183]
- Americans for Responsible Solutions[182]
- Brady Campaign to Prevent Gun Violence[182]
- CASA in Action[182]
- Clean Water Action[184]
- Coalition to Stop Gun Violence[185]
- EmgagePAC[183]
- Equality Virginia[182]
- Human Rights Campaign[186]
- Humane Dominion[187]
- Laborers' International Union of North America[183]
- LGBT Democrats of Virginia[182]
- NARAL Pro-Choice America[188]
- NARAL Pro-Choice Virginia[188]
- National Black Farmers Association[183]
- Newton Action Alliance[182]
- NPE Action[189]
- Planned Parenthood Advocates of Virginia[182][190]
- Pride Fund to End Gun Violence[182]
- Virginia AFL-CIO[182]
- Virginia Credit Union League[182]
- Virginia Education Association[182]
- Virginia House Democratic Caucus[183]
- Virginia League of Conservation Voters[182]
- Virginia National Organization for Women[182]
- Virginia Professional Fire Fighters[182]
- Virginia Senate Democratic Caucus[183]
- Virginia Sierra Club[182]
- Virginia Transportation Construction Alliance[183]
- VoteVets.org[191]
- Newspapers
Predictions
[edit]Source | Ranking | As of |
---|---|---|
The Cook Political Report[197] | Lean D | October 6, 2017 |
Rothenberg Political Report[198] | Tilt D | October 27, 2017 |
Sabato's Crystal Ball[199] | Lean D | October 13, 2017 |
Polling
[edit]Polls for the general election varied significantly, ranging from a 17-point lead for Ralph Northam on one end to an 8-point lead for Ed Gillespie on the other, with most polls showing the race within or close to the margin of error. Politico reported that the wide variation in polling numbers was likely due to differences in methodology among the polls.[200] Polls tightened significantly in the last two weeks of the campaign with several showing the race tied or within the margin of error.[201][202][203]
- Aggregate polls
Source of poll aggregation |
Dates administered |
Dates updated |
Ralph Northam (D) |
Ed Gillespie (R) |
Other/Undecided [a] |
Margin |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Real Clear Politics | October 29 – November 5, 2017 | November 5, 2017 | 47.7% | 44.4% | 7.9% | Northam +3.3% |
Poll source | Date(s) administered |
Sample size |
Margin of error |
Ralph Northam (D) |
Ed Gillespie (R) |
Cliff Hyra (L) |
Other | Undecided |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
FOX News | November 2–5, 2017 | 1,239 LV | ± 2.5% | 48% | 43% | 3% | 1% | 7% |
1,450 RV | 45% | 41% | 3% | 1% | 9% | |||
The Polling Company (R) | November 2–5, 2017 | 800 | ± 3.5% | 45% | 44% | 3% | – | 4% |
47% | 46% | – | – | 4% | ||||
Monmouth University | November 2–5, 2017 | 713 | ± 3.7% | 47% | 45% | 3% | 1% | 5% |
IMGE Insights (R) | November 1–5, 2017 | 800 | ± 3.5% | 48% | 47% | — | — | — |
Change Research | November 1–5, 2017 | 3,648 | ± 2.8% | 52% | 46% | 2% | – | 0% |
Quinnipiac University Archived November 6, 2017, at the Wayback Machine | October 30 – November 5, 2017 | 1,056 | ± 3.9% | 51% | 42% | 3% | – | 4% |
Emerson College | November 2–4, 2017 | 810 | ± 3.4% | 49% | 46% | 1% | – | 4% |
Christopher Newport University Archived November 6, 2017, at the Wayback Machine | October 29 – November 4, 2017 | 839 | ± 3.5% | 51% | 45% | 2% | – | 2% |
Rasmussen Reports | October 31 – November 3, 2017 | 875 | ± 3.5% | 45% | 45% | 2% | 2% | 6% |
Gravis Marketing | October 30 – November 3, 2017 | 1,143 | ± 2.9% | 48% | 43% | 3% | – | 6% |
0ptimus (R) | November 1–2, 2017 | 1,600 | ± 2.4% | 37% | 40% | – | – | 23% |
Trafalgar Group (R) | October 31 – November 2, 2017 | 1,200 | ± 3.3% | 49% | 48% | 1% | – | 2% |
The Polling Company (R) | October 30 – November 2, 2017 | 800 | ± 3.5% | 43% | 45% | 2% | – | 7% |
43% | 46% | – | – | 7% | ||||
Upshot/Siena College | October 29 – November 2, 2017 | 985 | ± 3.0% | 43% | 40% | 2% | – | 14% |
Roanoke College | October 29 – November 2, 2017 | 781 | ± 3.5% | 47% | 47% | 3% | – | 3% |
Suffolk University Archived November 15, 2018, at the Wayback Machine | October 30 – November 1, 2017 | 500 | ± 4.4% | 47% | 43% | 2% | – | 6% |
Washington Post/Schar School Archived October 31, 2017, at the Wayback Machine | October 26–29, 2017 | 921 LV | ± 4.0% | 49% | 44% | 4% | – | 3% |
1,000 RV | ± 3.5% | 46% | 39% | 5% | – | 5% | ||
Quinnipiac University | October 25–29, 2017 | 916 | ± 4.2% | 53% | 36% | 3% | – | 7% |
The Polling Company (R) | October 24–26, 2017 | 600 LV | ± 4.0% | 44% | 44% | 3% | – | 7% |
October 23–26, 2017 | 800 LV | ± 3.5% | 43% | 45% | – | – | 9% | |
Christopher Newport University Archived October 27, 2017, at the Wayback Machine | October 20–25, 2017 | 812 | ± 3.8% | 50% | 43% | 3% | – | 4% |
Plural Vote | October 15–25, 2017 | 397 | ± 4.9% | 49% | 46% | 5% | – | – |
Hampton University | October 18–22, 2017 | 750 | ± 4.2% | 33% | 41% | – | – | 27% |
FOX News | October 15–17, 2017 | 697 LV | ± 3.5% | 49% | 42% | 1% | 2% | 5% |
815 RV | ± 3.0% | 45% | 42% | 2% | 2% | 6% | ||
Quinnipiac University Archived October 19, 2017, at the Wayback Machine | October 12–17, 2017 | 1,088 | ± 3.7% | 53% | 39% | 2% | – | 5% |
Monmouth University | October 12–16, 2017 | 408 | ± 4.9% | 47% | 48% | 3% | – | 3% |
Christopher Newport University Archived October 17, 2017, at the Wayback Machine | October 9–13, 2017 | 642 | ± 4.2% | 48% | 44% | 3% | – | 5% |
Roanoke College | October 8–13, 2017 | 607 | ± 4.0% | 50% | 44% | 2% | – | 4% |
Emerson College | October 5–7, 2017 | 318 | ± 5.5% | 49% | 44% | 2% | – | 5% |
Christopher Newport University Archived October 9, 2017, at the Wayback Machine | October 2–6, 2017 | 928 | ± 4.3% | 49% | 42% | 3% | – | 6% |
Washington Post/Schar School Archived November 16, 2020, at the Wayback Machine | September 28 – October 2, 2017 | 720 LV | ± 4.5% | 53% | 40% | 4% | – | 2% |
1,000 RV | ± 3.5% | 48% | 38% | 5% | – | 5% | ||
Victoria Research (D) | September 24–28, 2017 | 631 | ± 4.2% | 46% | 44% | 3% | – | – |
Monmouth University | September 21–25, 2017 | 499 | ± 4.4% | 49% | 44% | 2% | <1% | 4% |
Public Policy Polling Archived November 12, 2020, at the Wayback Machine | September 21–23, 2017 | 849 | ± 3.8% | 43% | 40% | 4% | – | 13% |
Roanoke College | September 16–23, 2017 | 596 | ± 4.0% | 47% | 43% | 5% | – | 5% |
Christopher Newport University Archived September 25, 2017, at the Wayback Machine | September 12–22, 2017 | 776 | ± 3.7% | 47% | 41% | 4% | – | 8% |
FOX News | September 17–18, 2017 | 500 LV | ± 4.5% | 42% | 41% | 2% | 2% | 12% |
507 RV | ± 4.0% | 42% | 38% | 2% | 2% | 13% | ||
Quinnipiac University Archived September 19, 2017, at the Wayback Machine | September 14–18, 2017 | 850 | ± 4.2% | 51% | 41% | 3% | – | 5% |
IMGE Insights (R) | September 12–18, 2017 | 1,000 | ± 3.8% | 45% | 41% | 4% | – | 10% |
Suffolk University Archived September 27, 2017, at the Wayback Machine | September 13–17, 2017 | 500 | ± 4.4% | 42% | 42% | 3% | – | 12% |
Mason-Dixon | September 10–15, 2017 | 625 | ± 4% | 44% | 43% | 2% | – | 11% |
University of Mary Washington | September 5–12, 2017 | 562 LV | ± 5.2% | 44% | 39% | 3% | 1% | 11% |
867 RV | ± 4.1% | 40% | 35% | 5% | – | 16% | ||
Roanoke College | August 12–19, 2017 | 599 | ± 4.0% | 43% | 36% | 4% | – | 17% |
Quinnipiac University Archived August 9, 2017, at the Wayback Machine | August 3–8, 2017 | 1,082 | ± 3.8% | 44% | 38% | 4% | 1% | 11% |
Virginia Commonwealth University Archived August 9, 2017, at the Wayback Machine | July 17–25, 2017 | 538 LV | ± 5.1% | 42% | 37% | 6% | – | 13% |
707 RV | ± 4.5% | 39% | 33% | 8% | – | 16% | ||
Monmouth University | July 20–23, 2017 | 502 | ± 4.4% | 44% | 44% | 3% | <1% | 9% |
Quinnipiac University Archived June 30, 2017, at the Wayback Machine | June 15–20, 2017 | 1,145 | ± 3.8% | 47% | 39% | – | 2% | 9% |
Harper Polling Archived July 21, 2017, at the Wayback Machine | June 14–16, 2017 | 500 | ± 4.4% | 46% | 46% | – | – | 8% |
Public Opinion Strategies (R) | June 6–8, 2017 | 600 | ± 4.0% | 45% | 46% | – | – | 9% |
Washington Post/Schar School | May 9–14, 2017 | 1,602 | ± 3.0% | 49% | 38% | – | – | 9% |
Quinnipiac University | April 6–10, 2017 | 1,115 | ± 2.9% | 44% | 33% | – | 1% | 19% |
Christopher Newport University | March 16–26, 2017 | 831 | ± 3.7% | 39% | 40% | – | 2% | 19% |
Gravis Marketing Archived March 25, 2017, at the Wayback Machine | March 14–19, 2017 | 3,097 | ± 1.6% | 40% | 42% | – | – | 18% |
Quinnipiac University Archived February 17, 2017, at the Wayback Machine | February 10–15, 2017 | 989 | ± 3.1% | 41% | 35% | – | 3% | 22% |
Mason-Dixon | January 5–10, 2017 | 625 | ± 4.0% | 41% | 44% | – | – | 15% |
Public Opinion Strategies (R) | December 11–13, 2016 | 500 | ± 4.4% | 43% | 38% | – | – | 17% |
Quinnipiac University Archived December 20, 2016, at the Wayback Machine | December 6–11, 2016 | 1,098 | ± 3.0% | 38% | 34% | – | 1% | 26% |
University of Mary Washington | September 6–12, 2016 | 685 LV | ± 4.4% | 36% | 43% | – | 1% | 16% |
852 RV | ± 3.9% | 36% | 41% | – | 1% | 18% | ||
Public Policy Polling | September 9–11, 2016 | 878 | ± 3.3% | 37% | 37% | – | – | 26% |
Public Policy Polling | June 13–15, 2016 | 1,032 | ± 3.1% | 36% | 37% | – | – | 28% |
Gravis Marketing | May 24, 2016 | 1,728 | ± 2.0% | 38% | 40% | – | – | 22% |
University of Mary Washington | November 4–9, 2015 | 656 LV | ± 4.3% | 32% | 44% | – | 1% | 16% |
814 RV | ± 3.9% | 33% | 40% | – | 1% | 18% | ||
Public Policy Polling | July 13–15, 2015 | 1,170 | ± 2.9% | 30% | 40% | – | – | 32% |
Poll source | Date(s) administered |
Sample size |
Margin of error |
Tom Perriello (D) |
Ed Gillespie (R) |
Other | Undecided |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Washington Post/Schar School | May 9–14, 2017 | 1,602 | ± 3.0% | 50% | 37% | – | 9% |
Quinnipiac University | April 6–10, 2017 | 1,115 | ± 2.9% | 46% | 33% | 1% | 18% |
Christopher Newport University | March 16–26, 2017 | 831 | ± 3.7% | 39% | 39% | 2% | 20% |
Gravis Marketing Archived March 25, 2017, at the Wayback Machine | March 14–19, 2017 | 3,097 | ± 1.6% | 42% | 41% | – | 18% |
Quinnipiac University Archived February 17, 2017, at the Wayback Machine | February 10–15, 2017 | 989 | ± 3.1% | 43% | 36% | 1% | 20% |
Mason-Dixon | January 5–10, 2017 | 625 | ± 4.0% | 36% | 45% | – | 19% |
- with Corey Stewart
Poll source | Date(s) administered |
Sample size |
Margin of error |
Ralph Northam (D) |
Corey Stewart (R) |
Other | Undecided |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Quinnipiac University | April 6–10, 2017 | 1,115 | ± 2.9% | 43% | 30% | 1% | 23% |
Christopher Newport University | March 16–26, 2017 | 831 | ± 3.7% | 41% | 33% | 2% | 24% |
Quinnipiac University Archived February 17, 2017, at the Wayback Machine | February 10–15, 2017 | 989 | ± 3.1% | 42% | 31% | 2% | 24% |
Mason-Dixon | January 5–10, 2017 | 625 | ± 4.0% | 45% | 37% | – | 18% |
Public Opinion Strategies (R) | December 11–13, 2016 | 500 | ± 4.4% | 42% | 35% | – | 22% |
Quinnipiac University Archived December 20, 2016, at the Wayback Machine | December 6–11, 2016 | 1,098 | ± 3.0% | 38% | 29% | 1% | 30% |
University of Mary Washington | September 6–12, 2016 | 685 LV | ± 4.4% | 39% | 39% | 1% | 18% |
852 RV | ± 3.9% | 39% | 37% | 1% | 19% | ||
Public Policy Polling | September 9–11, 2016 | 878 | ± 3.3% | 39% | 31% | – | 30% |
Public Policy Polling | June 13–15, 2016 | 1,032 | ± 3.1% | 34% | 32% | – | 34% |
Poll source | Date(s) administered |
Sample size |
Margin of error |
Tom Perriello (D) |
Corey Stewart (R) |
Other | Undecided |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Quinnipiac University | April 6–10, 2017 | 1,115 | ± 2.9% | 45% | 31% | 1% | 20% |
Christopher Newport University | March 16–26, 2017 | 831 | ± 3.7% | 40% | 34% | 2% | 25% |
Quinnipiac University Archived February 17, 2017, at the Wayback Machine | February 10–15, 2017 | 989 | ± 3.1% | 44% | 31% | 3% | 22% |
Mason-Dixon | January 5–10, 2017 | 625 | ± 4.0% | 40% | 38% | – | 22% |
- with Frank Wagner
Poll source | Date(s) administered |
Sample size |
Margin of error |
Ralph Northam (D) |
Frank Wagner (R) |
Other | Undecided |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Quinnipiac University | April 6–10, 2017 | 1,115 | ± 2.9% | 43% | 30% | 1% | 24% |
Christopher Newport University | March 16–26, 2017 | 831 | ± 3.7% | 40% | 34% | 2% | 25% |
Quinnipiac University Archived February 17, 2017, at the Wayback Machine | February 10–15, 2017 | 989 | ± 3.1% | 41% | 33% | 3% | 24% |
Public Opinion Strategies (R) | December 11–13, 2016 | 500 | ± 4.4% | 43% | 37% | – | 19% |
Quinnipiac University Archived December 20, 2016, at the Wayback Machine | December 6–11, 2016 | 1,098 | ± 3.0% | 39% | 30% | 1% | 28% |
University of Mary Washington | September 6–12, 2016 | 685 LV | ± 4.4% | 39% | 40% | 1% | 17% |
852 RV | ± 3.9% | 39% | 39% | 1% | 18% | ||
Public Policy Polling | September 9–11, 2016 | 878 | ± 3.3% | 37% | 32% | – | 32% |
Poll source | Date(s) administered |
Sample size |
Margin of error |
Tom Perriello (D) |
Frank Wagner (R) |
Other | Undecided |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Quinnipiac University | April 6–10, 2017 | 1,115 | ± 2.9% | 43% | 32% | 1% | 21% |
Christopher Newport University | March 16–26, 2017 | 831 | ± 3.7% | 38% | 35% | 2% | 25% |
Quinnipiac University Archived February 17, 2017, at the Wayback Machine | February 10–15, 2017 | 989 | ± 3.1% | 43% | 32% | 2% | 23% |
- with Denver Riggleman
Poll source | Date(s) administered |
Sample size |
Margin of error |
Ralph Northam (D) |
Denver Riggleman (R) |
Other | Undecided |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Quinnipiac University Archived February 17, 2017, at the Wayback Machine | February 10–15, 2017 | 989 | ± 3.1% | 42% | 31% | 2% | 25% |
Poll source | Date(s) administered |
Sample size |
Margin of error |
Tom Perriello (D) |
Denver Riggleman (R) |
Other | Undecided |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Quinnipiac University Archived February 17, 2017, at the Wayback Machine | February 10–15, 2017 | 989 | ± 3.1% | 43% | 30% | 2% | 24% |
- with Rob Wittman
Poll source | Date(s) administered |
Sample size |
Margin of error |
Ralph Northam (D) |
Rob Wittman (R) |
Other | Undecided |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Quinnipiac University Archived December 20, 2016, at the Wayback Machine | December 6–11, 2016 | 1,098 | ± 3.0% | 39% | 30% | 1% | 29% |
University of Mary Washington | September 6–12, 2016 | 685 LV | ± 4.4% | 38% | 38% | 1% | 18% |
852 RV | ± 3.9% | 39% | 37% | 1% | 19% | ||
Public Policy Polling | September 9–11, 2016 | 878 | ± 3.3% | 38% | 33% | – | 29% |
Public Policy Polling | June 13–15, 2016 | 1,032 | ± 3.1% | 34% | 34% | – | 32% |
- with Ken Cuccinelli
Poll source | Date(s) administered |
Sample size |
Margin of error |
Ralph Northam (D) |
Ken Cuccinelli (R) |
Other | Undecided |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Public Policy Polling | July 13–15, 2015 | 1,170 | ± 2.9% | 35% | 37% | – | 28% |
- with Eric Cantor
Poll source | Date(s) administered |
Sample size |
Margin of error |
Ralph Northam (D) |
Eric Cantor (R) |
Other | Undecided |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Public Policy Polling | July 13–15, 2015 | 1,170 | ± 2.9% | 33% | 35% | – | 32% |
- with Mark Herring
Poll source | Date(s) administered |
Sample size |
Margin of error |
Mark Herring (D) |
Eric Cantor (R) |
Other | Undecided |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Public Policy Polling | July 13–15, 2015 | 1,170 | ± 2.9% | 36% | 33% | – | 31% |
Poll source | Date(s) administered |
Sample size |
Margin of error |
Mark Herring (D) |
Ken Cuccinelli (R) |
Other | Undecided |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Public Policy Polling | July 13–15, 2015 | 1,170 | ± 2.9% | 38% | 38% | – | 24% |
Poll source | Date(s) administered |
Sample size |
Margin of error |
Mark Herring (D) |
Ed Gillespie (R) |
Other | Undecided |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Public Policy Polling | July 13–15, 2015 | 1,170 | ± 2.9% | 34% | 38% | – | 28% |
Poll source | Date(s) administered |
Sample size |
Margin of error |
Mark Herring (D) |
Mark Obenshain (R) |
Other | Undecided |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Public Policy Polling | July 13–15, 2015 | 1,170 | ± 2.9% | 34% | 34% | – | 31% |
- with Ralph Northam
Poll source | Date(s) administered |
Sample size |
Margin of error |
Ralph Northam (D) |
Mark Obenshain (R) |
Other | Undecided |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Public Policy Polling | July 13–15, 2015 | 1,170 | ± 2.9% | 32% | 36% | – | 32% |
Fundraising
[edit]Campaign finance reports as of November 30, 2017 | |
---|---|
Candidate | Amount raised |
Ralph Northam | $36,708,929 |
Ed Gillespie | $29,344,226 |
Cliff Hyra | $77,370 |
Source: Virginia Public Access Project[204] |
Virginia election laws allow for unlimited campaign contributions in state and local elections.
According to the Virginia Public Access Project, Northam's top five donors were the Democratic Governors Association's super PAC DGA Action; Michael Bloomberg's Everytown for Gun Safety group; the Virginia League of Conservation Voters; Michael D. Bills; and the Laborers' International Union of North America.[205]
Gillespie's top five donors were the Republican Governors Association; A Stronger Virginia; Let's Grow Virginia; Marlene Ricketts; and Dwight Schar.[206]
Hyra's top five donors were Michael Chastain; Hyra himself; the Libertarian Party of Virginia; Paradise Indian Restaurant; and nine donors who have given the same amount.[207]
Results
[edit]Even though polls in the weeks before the election considered Northam to be the narrow favorite, Northam won by a larger margin than expected, about nine percent, and more than 200,000 votes. Gillespie was unable to come back from the large margins in the suburbs of Washington, D.C. and Virginia Beach, and he conceded to Northam at 8:56 pm EST.[208] Northam's wider than expected margin of victory is often attributed to Trump's unpopularity in Virginia and claims that Gillespie was using fear-mongering which repelled more voters than it obtained.
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Democratic | Ralph Northam | 1,409,175 | 53.90% | +6.15% | |
Republican | Ed Gillespie | 1,175,731 | 44.97% | −0.26% | |
Libertarian | Cliff Hyra | 27,987 | 1.07% | −5.45% | |
Write-in | 1,389 | 0.05% | -0.44% | ||
Total votes | 2,614,282 | 100.00% | N/A | ||
Democratic hold |
By county and city
[edit]County[209] | Northam | Votes | Gillespie | Votes | Hyra | Votes | Others | Votes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Accomack | 45.7% | 4,876 | 53.7% | 5,736 | 0.5% | 54 | 0.0% | 0 |
Albemarle | 63.8% | 26,969 | 35.1% | 14,857 | 1.1% | 458 | 0.1% | 24 |
Alexandria | 78.4% | 40,896 | 20.7% | 10,822 | 0.8% | 434 | 0.1% | 37 |
Alleghany | 33.6% | 1,478 | 65.6% | 2,888 | 0.8% | 36 | 0.0% | 1 |
Amelia | 30.4% | 1,403 | 68.7% | 3,170 | 0.9% | 40 | 0.0% | 1 |
Amherst | 35.7% | 3,616 | 63.5% | 6,431 | 0.8% | 83 | 0.1% | 14 |
Appomattox | 23.7% | 1,227 | 75.3% | 3,894 | 1.0% | 50 | 0.0% | 1 |
Arlington | 79.9% | 68,093 | 19.1% | 16,268 | 0.9% | 801 | 0.1% | 52 |
Augusta | 25.6% | 6,030 | 73.0% | 17,217 | 1.3% | 311 | 0.1% | 16 |
Bath | 30.4% | 450 | 68.4% | 1,013 | 1.1% | 16 | 0.2% | 3 |
Bedford | 25.1% | 6,985 | 74.0% | 20,573 | 0.9% | 243 | 0.0% | 6 |
Bland | 18.6% | 388 | 80.4% | 1,676 | 1.0% | 20 | 0.0% | 1 |
Botetourt | 27.3% | 3,409 | 71.7% | 8,965 | 1.0% | 122 | 0.0% | 6 |
Bristol | 28.9% | 1,242 | 70.0% | 3,006 | 1.0% | 43 | 0.1% | 3 |
Brunswick | 57.3% | 2,728 | 42.3% | 2,010 | 0.4% | 19 | 0.0% | 0 |
Buchanan | 23.4% | 1,062 | 75.9% | 3,449 | 0.6% | 28 | 0.1% | 3 |
Buckingham | 41.8% | 1,924 | 57.3% | 2,638 | 0.8% | 36 | 0.1% | 4 |
Buena Vista | 32.0% | 529 | 65.9% | 1,090 | 2.0% | 33 | 0.2% | 3 |
Campbell | 25.4% | 4,415 | 73.6% | 12,791 | 0.9% | 156 | 0.1% | 11 |
Caroline | 49.4% | 4,126 | 49.5% | 4,135 | 1.1% | 96 | 0.0% | 3 |
Carroll | 22.2% | 1,838 | 76.9% | 6,363 | 0.9% | 74 | 0.0% | 2 |
Charles City | 62.6% | 1,699 | 36.8% | 1,000 | 0.6% | 17 | 0.0% | 0 |
Charlotte | 35.4% | 1,419 | 63.8% | 2,559 | 0.8% | 31 | 0.1% | 5 |
Charlottesville | 84.8% | 13,943 | 14.1% | 2,315 | 1.0% | 172 | 0.1% | 18 |
Chesapeake | 53.1% | 38,459 | 45.7% | 33,108 | 1.2% | 849 | 0.0% | 31 |
Chesterfield | 49.7% | 58,991 | 49.1% | 58,297 | 1.1% | 1,323 | 0.0% | 58 |
Clarke | 43.1% | 2,400 | 55.7% | 3,102 | 1.2% | 65 | 0.1% | 5 |
Colonial Heights | 26.9% | 1,389 | 71.8% | 3,710 | 1.2% | 63 | 0.0% | 2 |
Covington | 40.6% | 545 | 58.4% | 784 | 0.9% | 12 | 0.1% | 1 |
Craig | 22.4% | 413 | 75.9% | 1,398 | 1.5% | 28 | 0.1% | 2 |
Culpeper | 36.7% | 4,990 | 62.0% | 8,423 | 1.2% | 162 | 0.1% | 12 |
Cumberland | 41.2% | 1,292 | 57.7% | 1,810 | 1.1% | 33 | 0.0% | 0 |
Danville | 57.2% | 6,304 | 42.3% | 4,664 | 0.5% | 53 | 0.1% | 7 |
Dickenson | 27.8% | 959 | 71.3% | 2,458 | 0.7% | 25 | 0.1% | 3 |
Dinwiddie | 44.5% | 3,712 | 54.8% | 4,565 | 0.7% | 56 | 0.0% | 2 |
Emporia | 55.7% | 909 | 43.0% | 702 | 1.3% | 22 | 0.0% | 0 |
Essex | 46.5% | 1,730 | 52.7% | 1,963 | 0.7% | 26 | 0.1% | 4 |
Fairfax County | 67.9% | 255,200 | 31.2% | 117,141 | 0.9% | 3,423 | 0.1% | 240 |
Fairfax | 64.8% | 5,380 | 34.0% | 2,822 | 1.1% | 92 | 0.1% | 6 |
Falls Church | 79.0% | 4,781 | 19.7% | 1,195 | 1.3% | 76 | 0.0% | 2 |
Fauquier | 39.2% | 9,430 | 59.6% | 14,332 | 1.1% | 270 | 0.0% | 7 |
Floyd | 35.4% | 1,946 | 63.2% | 3,468 | 1.3% | 72 | 0.1% | 5 |
Fluvanna | 46.3% | 4,267 | 52.7% | 4,864 | 1.0% | 89 | 0.1% | 5 |
Franklin County | 30.2% | 5,315 | 68.6% | 12,062 | 1.1% | 201 | 0.1% | 10 |
Franklin | 60.2% | 1,539 | 39.2% | 1,002 | 0.6% | 15 | 0.0% | 0 |
Frederick | 34.4% | 8,363 | 64.4% | 15,656 | 1.1% | 278 | 0.1% | 18 |
Fredericksburg | 64.4% | 4,649 | 34.1% | 2,463 | 1.5% | 107 | 0.0% | 2 |
Galax | 30.2% | 409 | 68.6% | 930 | 1.0% | 13 | 0.2% | 3 |
Giles | 27.5% | 1,604 | 71.3% | 4,161 | 1.1% | 66 | 0.1% | 3 |
Gloucester | 34.4% | 4,356 | 64.5% | 8,159 | 1.1% | 140 | 0.0% | 4 |
Goochland | 37.1% | 3,911 | 61.9% | 6,520 | 1.0% | 104 | 0.1% | 6 |
Grayson | 22.7% | 1,029 | 76.7% | 3,478 | 0.6% | 28 | 0.0% | 2 |
Greene | 35.2% | 2,219 | 63.4% | 4,000 | 1.4% | 86 | 0.1% | 4 |
Greensville | 56.8% | 1,643 | 42.6% | 1,232 | 0.6% | 18 | 0.0% | 0 |
Halifax | 38.8% | 4,037 | 60.4% | 6,291 | 0.8% | 79 | 0.1% | 7 |
Hampton | 71.6% | 28,906 | 27.4% | 11,050 | 1.0% | 399 | 0.1% | 29 |
Hanover | 34.2% | 14,755 | 64.4% | 27,779 | 1.4% | 599 | 0.1% | 24 |
Harrisonburg | 63.6% | 6,555 | 34.9% | 3,596 | 1.5% | 154 | 0.1% | 7 |
Henrico | 60.8% | 69,969 | 38.0% | 43,747 | 1.1% | 1,268 | 0.0% | 53 |
Henry | 34.8% | 4,895 | 64.4% | 9,046 | 0.8% | 113 | 0.0% | 3 |
Highland | 30.7% | 317 | 67.6% | 699 | 1.7% | 18 | 0.0% | 0 |
Hopewell | 50.0% | 2,728 | 48.4% | 2,641 | 1.5% | 81 | 0.2% | 9 |
Isle of Wight | 42.2% | 5,957 | 56.9% | 8,039 | 0.9% | 124 | 0.0% | 3 |
James City | 48.9% | 15,561 | 50.1% | 15,937 | 0.9% | 290 | 0.0% | 13 |
King and Queen | 42.0% | 1,039 | 56.8% | 1,404 | 1.1% | 28 | 0.0% | 1 |
King George | 37.2% | 2,658 | 61.5% | 4,396 | 1.3% | 90 | 0.1% | 5 |
King William | 33.7% | 2,017 | 65.1% | 3,889 | 1.1% | 65 | 0.1% | 6 |
Lancaster | 43.6% | 2,098 | 55.7% | 2,680 | 0.6% | 27 | 0.1% | 3 |
Lee | 19.5% | 1,304 | 79.2% | 5,289 | 1.2% | 82 | 0.0% | 3 |
Lexington | 66.5% | 1,161 | 32.7% | 572 | 0.7% | 13 | 0.1% | 1 |
Loudoun | 59.4% | 69,778 | 39.5% | 46,396 | 1.1% | 1,258 | 0.0% | 54 |
Louisa | 38.0% | 4,481 | 60.6% | 7,153 | 1.4% | 163 | 0.1% | 6 |
Lunenburg | 40.2% | 1,468 | 59.1% | 2,158 | 0.6% | 23 | 0.0% | 1 |
Lynchburg | 47.2% | 10,047 | 51.4% | 10,959 | 1.3% | 284 | 0.1% | 17 |
Madison | 36.3% | 1,789 | 62.5% | 3,082 | 1.2% | 59 | 0.0% | 1 |
Manassas | 56.9% | 5,295 | 41.9% | 3,899 | 1.2% | 112 | 0.1% | 6 |
Manassas Park | 63.7% | 1,958 | 34.6% | 1,064 | 1.7% | 53 | 0.0% | 1 |
Martinsville | 58.6% | 2,187 | 39.9% | 1,489 | 1.5% | 57 | 0.1% | 2 |
Mathews | 35.1% | 1,386 | 64.1% | 2,531 | 0.8% | 31 | 0.1% | 2 |
Mecklenburg | 39.7% | 3,399 | 59.9% | 5,125 | 0.4% | 37 | 0.0% | 0 |
Middlesex | 37.2% | 1,606 | 61.9% | 2,673 | 0.9% | 41 | 0.0% | 0 |
Montgomery | 53.7% | 15,115 | 44.4% | 12,500 | 1.8% | 499 | 0.1% | 19 |
Nelson | 48.8% | 3,015 | 48.9% | 3,020 | 2.1% | 130 | 0.1% | 9 |
New Kent | 31.9% | 2,729 | 66.8% | 5,711 | 1.3% | 108 | 0.0% | 4 |
Newport News | 64.7% | 30,367 | 34.0% | 15,986 | 1.2% | 576 | 0.1% | 35 |
Norfolk | 73.5% | 39,453 | 25.1% | 13,490 | 1.3% | 676 | 0.1% | 51 |
Northampton | 56.9% | 2,492 | 42.4% | 1,855 | 0.6% | 28 | 0.1% | 3 |
Northumberland | 37.8% | 2,022 | 61.5% | 3,285 | 0.7% | 35 | 0.1% | 3 |
Norton | 33.4% | 287 | 65.2% | 561 | 1.3% | 11 | 0.1% | 1 |
Nottoway | 42.6% | 1,812 | 56.7% | 2,408 | 0.7% | 30 | 0.0% | 0 |
Orange | 38.1% | 4,160 | 61.0% | 6,653 | 0.9% | 97 | 0.0% | 5 |
Page | 26.9% | 1,809 | 72.1% | 4,850 | 0.9% | 62 | 0.1% | 5 |
Patrick | 22.4% | 1,259 | 76.7% | 4,320 | 1.0% | 54 | 0.0% | 0 |
Petersburg | 87.7% | 7,164 | 11.5% | 938 | 0.7% | 56 | 0.1% | 9 |
Pittsylvania | 29.4% | 5,759 | 70.0% | 13,701 | 0.6% | 109 | 0.0% | 4 |
Poquoson | 26.9% | 1,298 | 71.9% | 3,473 | 1.2% | 56 | 0.1% | 3 |
Portsmouth | 70.2% | 20,156 | 28.4% | 8,167 | 1.3% | 369 | 0.1% | 18 |
Powhatan | 27.0% | 3,109 | 71.8% | 8,256 | 1.2% | 137 | 0.0% | 4 |
Prince Edward | 51.0% | 2,881 | 47.9% | 2,708 | 1.1% | 63 | 0.0% | 2 |
Prince George | 40.3% | 4,150 | 58.6% | 6,044 | 1.0% | 108 | 0.0% | 4 |
Prince William | 61.1% | 74,932 | 37.8% | 46,454 | 1.0% | 1,247 | 0.1% | 99 |
Pulaski | 30.0% | 3,533 | 68.6% | 8,081 | 1.4% | 160 | 0.0% | 5 |
Radford | 54.9% | 2,163 | 43.3% | 1,707 | 1.6% | 65 | 0.1% | 5 |
Rappahannock | 45.3% | 1,488 | 53.9% | 1,772 | 0.8% | 25 | 0.1% | 2 |
Richmond County | 36.9% | 876 | 62.4% | 1,479 | 0.6% | 14 | 0.1% | 2 |
Richmond | 81.5% | 58,047 | 17.2% | 12,262 | 1.3% | 905 | 0.1% | 47 |
Roanoke County | 37.5% | 12,650 | 61.2% | 20,648 | 1.2% | 408 | 0.1% | 24 |
Roanoke | 62.0% | 15,099 | 36.5% | 8,890 | 1.4% | 337 | 0.1% | 18 |
Rockbridge | 37.5% | 2,974 | 61.4% | 4,873 | 1.0% | 77 | 0.1% | 9 |
Rockingham | 27.9% | 7,061 | 70.8% | 17,880 | 1.3% | 322 | 0.0% | 7 |
Russell | 22.4% | 1,506 | 76.7% | 5,144 | 0.9% | 60 | 0.0% | 1 |
Salem | 38.2% | 3,134 | 60.3% | 4,946 | 1.4% | 113 | 0.0% | 3 |
Scott | 17.7% | 1,089 | 81.4% | 4,997 | 0.8% | 51 | 0.0% | 2 |
Shenandoah | 29.5% | 3,932 | 69.2% | 9,220 | 1.2% | 157 | 0.0% | 6 |
Smyth | 22.0% | 1,747 | 76.9% | 6,107 | 1.0% | 78 | 0.1% | 7 |
Southampton | 41.1% | 2,529 | 57.9% | 3,564 | 1.0% | 60 | 0.0% | 2 |
Spotsylvania | 43.1% | 15,869 | 55.7% | 20,481 | 1.2% | 426 | 0.1% | 22 |
Stafford | 46.8% | 19,011 | 52.0% | 21,123 | 1.2% | 489 | 0.1% | 21 |
Staunton | 53.3% | 4,047 | 44.9% | 3,406 | 1.7% | 132 | 0.1% | 4 |
Suffolk | 58.3% | 16,621 | 40.7% | 11,623 | 1.0% | 278 | 0.0% | 10 |
Surry | 56.0% | 1,658 | 42.9% | 1,268 | 1.1% | 32 | 0.0% | 1 |
Sussex | 55.7% | 1,829 | 43.5% | 1,429 | 0.8% | 25 | 0.0% | 1 |
Tazewell | 16.4% | 1,657 | 82.9% | 8,373 | 0.6% | 57 | 0.1% | 9 |
Virginia Beach | 51.9% | 66,442 | 46.9% | 60,073 | 1.2% | 1,541 | 0.1% | 82 |
Warren | 34.0% | 3,531 | 64.7% | 6,711 | 1.2% | 127 | 0.0% | 4 |
Washington | 24.4% | 4,003 | 74.7% | 12,247 | 0.9% | 148 | 0.0% | 6 |
Waynesboro | 45.0% | 2,653 | 53.3% | 3,144 | 1.6% | 97 | 0.0% | 1 |
Westmoreland | 45.6% | 2,442 | 53.5% | 2,865 | 1.0% | 51 | 0.0% | 2 |
Williamsburg | 70.6% | 3,725 | 28.3% | 1,492 | 1.0% | 54 | 0.0% | 2 |
Winchester | 53.7% | 3,569 | 44.7% | 2,969 | 1.6% | 107 | 0.0% | 3 |
Wise | 22.1% | 1,910 | 76.8% | 6,630 | 1.0% | 84 | 0.0% | 4 |
Wythe | 24.8% | 2,114 | 74.2% | 6,321 | 0.8% | 71 | 0.1% | 8 |
York | 43.7% | 10,068 | 55.1% | 12,708 | 1.2% | 269 | 0.1% | 15 |
- Counties and independent cities that flipped from Democratic to Republican
- Caroline (largest town: Bowling Green)
- Covington (independent city)
- Nelson (largest community: Nellysford)
- Counties and independent cities that flipped from Republican to Democratic
- Chesterfield (no municipalities)
- Virginia Beach (independent city)
- Winchester (independent city)
By congressional district
[edit]Northam won 6 of the 11 congressional districts, including two that were held by Republicans.
District | Northam | Gillespie | Representative |
---|---|---|---|
1st | 44.6% | 54.2% | Rob Wittman |
2nd | 51.4% | 47.4% | Scott Taylor |
3rd | 67.9% | 30.9% | Bobby Scott |
4th | 61.6% | 37.3% | Donald McEachin |
5th | 45.1% | 53.9% | Tom Garrett |
6th | 38.5% | 60.2% | Bob Goodlatte |
7th | 47.6% | 51.2% | Dave Brat |
8th | 75.9% | 23.1% | Don Beyer |
9th | 31.2% | 67.7% | Morgan Griffith |
10th | 55.6% | 43.3% | Barbara Comstock |
11th | 69.9% | 29.0% | Gerry Connolly |
See also
[edit]- 2017 United States gubernatorial elections
- Governors of Virginia
- 2017 Virginia lieutenant gubernatorial election
- 2017 Virginia Attorney General election
- 2017 Virginia House of Delegates election
Notes
[edit]- ^ Calculated by taking the difference of 100% and all other candidates combined.
References
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- ^ DNC Desperately Needs a Win in Virginia Governor Race (NBC)
- ^ Gillespie calls for 10 debates with Northam in Virginia governor's race (Richmond Times-Dispatch)
- ^ In first debate, Gillespie and Northam tangle over Trump and other issues The Washington Post
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{{cite news}}
: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - ^ "Mike Pence to appear with Ed Gillespie in Abingdon". Bristol Herald Courier. Retrieved October 15, 2017.
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- ^ [1] Archived November 7, 2017, at the Wayback Machine
- ^ [2] Archived November 7, 2017, at the Wayback Machine
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External links
[edit]- Campaign websites (archived)