Sodium hexachloroplatinate: Difference between revisions

| Verifiedfields = changed

| Watchedfields = changed

| verifiedrevid = 448231440

| ImageFile1 = Sodium hexachloroplatinate.svg

| ImageName1 = Structure of sodium hexachloroplatinate(IV)

| ImageFile2 = Na2PtCl6aq6.jpg

| ImageName2 = Sample of sodium hexachloroplatinate(IV)

| OtherNames = Sodium chloroplatinate<br>Disodium platinum hexachloride

| Section1 = {{Chembox Identifiers

| CASNo_Ref = {{cascite|correct|??}}

| CASNo = 16923-58-3

| ChemSpiderID = 9309311

| EINECS = 240-983-5

| UNII_Ref = {{fdacite|correct|FDA}}

| UNII = Q7589P090H

| PubChem = 11134193

| SMILES = [Na+].[Na+].Cl[Pt-2](Cl)(Cl)(Cl)(Cl)Cl

| InChI = 1S/6ClH.2Na.Pt/h6*1H;;;/q;;;;;;2*+1;+4/p-6

| StdInChIKey = QGFSULIVEYGQQY-UHFFFAOYSA-H

}}

| Section2 = {{Chembox Properties

| Formula = Na₂PtCl₆

| MolarMass = 453.7742 g/mol (anhydrous)<br>561.86588 g/mol (hexahydrate)

| Appearance = Orange crystalline solid

| Density = 2.5 g/cm³

| MeltingPtC = 110

| Solubility = Soluble}}

| Section3 = {{Chembox Hazards

| GHSPictograms = {{GHS05}}{{GHS06}}{{GHS09}}

| GHSSignalWord = Warning

| HPhrases = {{H-phrases|300|301|317|318|334}}

| PPhrases = {{P-phrases|261|264|270|272|280|285|301+310|302+352|304+341|305+351+338|310|321|330|333+313|342+311|363|405|501}}

}}

| Section4 = {{Chembox Related

| OtherCations = [[Potassium hexachloroplatinate]]<br>[[Ammonium hexachloroplatinate]]

| OtherAnions = [[Sodium hexafluorophosphate]]<br>[[Sodium hexafluoroaluminate]]}}}}

'''Sodium hexachloroplatinate(IV)''', the [[sodium]] [[Salt (chemistry)|salt]] of [[chloroplatinic acid]], is an [[inorganic compound]] with the formula '''Na₂[PtCl₆]''', consisting of the sodium [[cation]] and the [[hexachloroplatinate]] [[anion]]. As explained by Cox and Peters, anhydrous sodium hexachloroplatinate, which is yellow, tends to form the orange hexahydrate upon storage in humid air. The latter can be dehydrated upon heating at 110&nbsp;°C.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Cox|first1=Lawrence E.|title=Inorganic Syntheses|last2=Peters|first2=Dennis G.|chapter=Disodium Hexachloroplatinate(IV) |year=1972|isbn=9780470132449|volume=13 |pages=173–176|doi=10.1002/9780470132449.ch34}}</ref>

The compound is utilised as the most common [[Chemical shift#Chemical shift referencing|chemical shift reference]] in [[Platinum-195 nuclear magnetic resonance|platinum-195 NMR spectroscopy]], relative to which the shifts of other platinum species in solution are reported.<ref name=":0">{{cite journal|last1=Priqueler|first1=Julien R. L.|last2=Butler|first2=Ian S.|last3=Rochon|first3=Fernande D.|date=2006|title=An Overview of 195 Pt Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy|url=http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/05704920600620311|journal=Applied Spectroscopy Reviews|language=en|volume=41|issue=3|pages=185–226|doi=10.1080/05704920600620311|bibcode=2006ApSRv..41..185P|s2cid=94037740|issn=0570-4928}}</ref>

==Preparation and reactions==

Sodium hexachloroplatinate is obtained as an intermediate in the preparation of [[platinum|Pt]] complexes, often starting with the dissolution of platinum in [[aqua regia]], giving [[hexachloroplatinic acid]], which is then reacted with [[sodium chloride]] and evaporated, leaving the salt behind.<ref>{{cite book|doi=10.1002/9780470132388.ch61|isbn=9780470132388|title=Inorganic Syntheses|year=1963|last1=Kauffman|first1=George B.|last2=Teter|first2=Larry A.|chapter=Recovery of Platinum from Laboratory Residues |pages=232–236|volume=7}}</ref>

:Pt + 4 HNO₃ + 6 HCl → H₂[PtCl₆] + 4 NO₂ + 4 H₂O

:H₂[PtCl₆] + 2 NaCl → Na₂[PtCl₆] + 2 HCl

The compound can be converted back to platinum metal via conversion to the ammonium salt followed by thermal decomposition, allowing platinum metal to be recovered from laboratory residues.

:Na₂[PtCl₆] + 2 NH₄Cl → (NH₄)₂[PtCl₆] + 2 NaCl

:3 (NH₄)₂[PtCl₆] → 3 Pt + 2 N₂ + 2 NH₄Cl + 16 HCl

This compound also reacts with a base, such as [[sodium hydroxide]], producing [Pt(OH)₆]⁻² ion.<ref>{{cite journal |title=Hydrolysis of [PtCl₆]²⁻ in Concentrated NaOH Solutions |journal=Inorg. Chem. |date=2022 |volume=61 |issue=15 |pages=5926–5942 |doi=10.1021/acs.inorgchem.2c00414|last1=Vasilchenko |first1=Danila |last2=Berdyugin |first2=Semen |last3=Komarov |first3=Vladislav |last4=Sheven |first4=Dmitriy |last5=Kolesov |first5=Boris |last6=Filatov |first6=Evgeny |last7=Tkachev |first7=Sergey |pmid=35380806 |s2cid=247979139 }}</ref>

== Applications ==

A 1.2 M solution of sodium hexachloroplatinate in [[Heavy water|D₂O]] is the most commonly chosen reference compound for chemical shifts in [[195Pt NMR|¹⁹⁵Pt NMR]]. The salt is chosen as it is commercially available at a lower price relative to other platinum compounds, and it possesses high [[solubility]] enabling quick acquisition of spectra.<ref name=":0" />

==References==

<references />

{{Sodium compounds}}

{{Platinum compounds}}

{{Chlorine compounds}}

[[Category:Platinum(IV) compounds]]

[[Category:Sodium compounds]]

[[Category:Chloro complexes]]

[[Category:Hexachloroplatinates]]