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Al Anbar Governorate

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Al Anbar Governorate
Arabic: محافظة الأنبار
Governorate
Location of Al Anbar Governorate
CountryIraq
CapitalRamadi
Area
 • Total138,501 km2 (53,476 sq mi)
Population
 (1999)[1]
 • Total1,432,717
Main language(s)Arabic

Al Anbar (Arabic: الأنبار; al-’Anbār or Anbar) is the largest province in Iraq geographically. Encompassing much of the country's western territory, it shares borders with Syria, Jordan, and Saudi Arabia. Al Anbar is overwhelmingly Sunni Muslim Arab. Its capital is Ar Ramadi.

The name of the province is from the Arabic انبار, ’Anbār, which means "granaries," in Arabic as this region was the primary entrepot on the western borders of Lakhmid Kingdom.

Before 1976 the province was known as Ramadi; before 1962, it was known as Dulaim.

All the inhabitants of the province are Sunni Muslims from the Dulaim tribe.[2] [3]

History

Iraq War events in Al Anbar

The city of Fallujah is also in Anbar. The Iraqi resistance was widely considered to be stronger in this province than in any other in Iraq, and was the most hostile against American forces.[3]

In late 2003 to 2007, a series of operations by US forces, was not successful in driving resistance from Anbar. Additionally, in early 2006, several clans — some including resistance groups raids against Americans forces in the area, the increase of sectarian violence in Baghdad(that pushed many of the Sunni Dulaimi clans back into alliances with militants) and the continued resistance control of several cities in Anbar showed that fighting in the region was far from over. Reports in March 2006 suggested that the Anbar capital Ramadi had largely fallen under resistance control along with most of the region, as a result the US sent an additional 3,500 Marines to re-establish control of the region.[4]

The Iraq war website casualties has reported that 1,142 Iraqi soldier and 2,220 US Soldier and 7,542 Mercenary were killed in action in Anbar province between the start of 2004 and the end of February 2006. Many of these died in and around Fallujah and Ramadi.

Anbar, with Ramadi and Haditha and Hīt and Al Qa'im and Fallujah and Haqlaniyah and Khaldiya in particular, is known for its inhabitants' strong tribal and religious traditions. Allegedly, former President Saddam Hussein was constantly wary of the volatile nature of the area. All the inhabitants of the province are Sunni Muslims from the Dulaim tribe.

The Washington Post reported on September 11, 2006 that, according to a recent U. S. Marine Corps secret report, "The prospects for securing that country's western Anbar province are dim and there is almost nothing the U.S. military can do there. Reporting that there are no functioning Iraqi government institutions in Anbar, leaving a vacuum that has been filled by the Resistance groups, which has become the province's most significant political force. Another person familiar with the report said it describes Anbar as beyond repair; a third said it concludes that the United States has been defeated in Anbar."[5]

The Dulaimis was not able to tolerate the behavior of the American soldiers arresting everyone and attacking the sunni cities, for that The Dulaimis Fought with al-Zarqawi against Iraqi government and U.S. forces.

After five years of fighting the American Army, The Dulaimis the Anbar residents was completely loyalty to the armed groups and the US forces was unable to control on village or city in Al-Anbar.

In late 2007 the United States negotiated with Anbar tribal leaders including Sheikh Abu Risha and the leaders of the armed groups and agreed on establishing Iraqi police in Anbar.

In June 2008, it was announced that Anbar would be the tenth province to transfer to Provincial Iraqi Control. Today the Anbar military forces and Anbar police which formed by Anbar sheikhs, Control on Al-Anbar region.

Geography of Al Anbar

Geographically, Anbar province consider part of the Arabian Peninsula. Characterized by desert climate, and low rainfall and high variation heat between day and night. Where summer temperatures rise to 42 degrees Celsius, in the winter down amounted to 9 degrees Celsius. the northwesterly winds and south-west sometimes amounting to a maximum speed of 21 m / sec. Average rainfall in winter to 115 mm.

the most important agricultural crops in Al-Anbar are wheat, potatoes, autumn, barley, maize and vegetables and fodder. and containing large number of orchards and has 2.5 million palm trees. Agriculture depends on perfusion or through the rivers and the wells and the rains.

Al Anbar

The Euphrates River flows diagonally from the north to the southeast, passing through six of the eight districts:

  • Ar Rutba district forms the majority of the Governorate's area, occupying the large desert area in the southwest.


Cities and The Population

In the 1920s, Baghdad province had 250,000 people and Dulaim province (Anbar) had also 250,000 from a total population in Iraq of 2 million, today Baghdad province has 7 million people.[6]

Al-Anbar province inhabited by 1,432,717 people according to government statistics in 1999.[2] According to The United Nations World Food Programme in 2004 Al-Anbar has 1,328,775 people.[7] According to the Iraqi government in 2005 number of the population in Al-Anbar is 1,460,130.

Number of the population is unknown, and there are no precise statistics Include all of the cities and towns and villages and the people of Anbar.

According to the former regime in 2003 just the city of Fallujah (650,000) and Ramadi (700,000) exceed 1.3 million people.[8]

According to the election for the iraqi government, The largely Sunni province is one of the most violent Against the occupation in Iraq and turnout was very low. Of the total population of some 2 million only 3775 voted.

The most important cities

See also

References

  1. ^ http://hhcom1.co.cc/english/anbar.html
  2. ^ a b Al-Anbar
  3. ^ a b Multi-National Force Iraq - Al-Anbar
  4. ^ Knickmeyer, Ellen (2006-05-30). "U.S. Will Reinforce Troops in West Iraq". Washington Post. Retrieved 2007-06-18. {{cite news}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |coauthors= (help)
  5. ^ Ricks, Thomas E (2006-09-11). "Situation Called Dire in West Iraq". Washington Post. Retrieved 2007-06-18.
  6. ^ Marvellous Mesopotamia, The world's wonderland, by Toseph T.Parfit M.A, Page 15
  7. ^ a b c d e [1]
  8. ^ According to the former regime,
    Fallujah district 926,000
    Ramadi district 780,000
    Abu Ghraib district 750,000
    Hīt district 500,000
    Al-Qa'im district 270,000
    Haditha district 150,000
    Ar Rutba district 120,000
    Anah district 53,000.
  9. ^ Travis L Patriquin - Iraq War Heroes
  10. ^ A Second Bad Day - The World Newser
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