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Crazy Taxi

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Crazy Taxi franchise logo

Crazy Taxi is a series of racing video games, developed by Hitmaker and published by Sega, the first game appearing in arcades in 1999. Each game has the player assume the role of a taxi driver who must accumulate money by delivering passengers to their destinations in the fastest time possible, earning tips by performing "crazy stunts" before the time runs out. The success of the arcade version prompted Sega to release the game on their Dreamcast console in 2000. It was the fourth best-selling game on that system, selling over a million copies.[1] The game was later ported to the PlayStation 2, Nintendo GameCube and PC with sequels also appearing on Microsoft Xbox, Game Boy Advance, and PlayStation Portable systems.

The franchise has been recognized for its innovative gameplay design which is easy to learn but difficult to master, its use of unobtrusive in-game advertising, and its soundtrack music provided by the bands The Offspring and Bad Religion.[2] The core gameplay mechanic has been patented by Sega,[3] which has led to at least one lawsuit over similar gameplay in The Simpsons: Road Rage game which has since been settled out of court.[4]

Gameplay

The player picks up a passenger in Crazy Taxi. The image of the passenger's destination is shown to the left, while another potential passenger is shown in the background (with a "$" symbol over their head)
The player follows the on-screen arrow to deliver the passenger to their destination before the main time (upper left) and the passenger timer (green number in center) runs out. The player can earn extra tip by pulling off "crazy" stunts

Crazy Taxi and its sequels are score attack games that all employ the same fundamental rules and mechanics. The player controls one of several taxi drivers in a fictional city, looking for fares and then taking them to their destination in the fastest time possible. Passengers looking for rides are indicated by a colored marker above their head, the color representing the distance to their intended destination, from red indicating short trips, to yellow for intermediate distances, and to green indicating long ones. When the player stops near their fare, seconds are added to a gameplay countdown timer, the passenger, also with a countdown timer, gets in the car; the player must then take the fare to their destination before either timer runs out. While a passenger is in the taxi, a large green arrow is shown on the player's HUD that points in the general direction of the passenger's destination to help guide the player through the map.

The player can use special "crazy stunt" moves such as drifts, jumps, and near-misses, and consecutive combos of these, to earn extra money from the passenger during the trip. If the destination is reached in time, the player is paid based on the distance driven with a possible time bonus based on how quickly the destination was reached. If the passenger's countdown drops to zero, they will exit the taxi and the player will be required to look for another fare. The game continues in this mode as long as time remains on the gameplay clock. Once this clock reaches zero, the game is over, and the player is ranked and rated based on the total earned.[5] Crazy Taxi producer Kenji Kanno noted that the time extension on gameplay was a breakaway of the current "100 yen for 3 minutes" that persisted at the time for arcade games, and rewarded players with longer playing times by performing well in the game.[6]

Unlike other arcade games, the player cannot continue from where the previous game ended. The game cannot be played indefinitely: while there are hundreds of potential passengers to pick up and deliver, there are only a limited number of fares in the game. While the various passengers scattered throughout the city randomly appear and disappear throughout the game, once one is picked up that passenger is unavailable for the rest of that game. The core gameplay in the series has been praised as being "deceptively complex";[2][5] as stated by the IGN staff for their review of the Dreamcast version of Crazy Taxi:[2]

As you progress through the game's ratings scale by picking up and delivering passengers as quickly as possible, you will slowly but surely realize that there is much, much more to the game than getting from point a to b.

— IGN Staff, Crazy Taxi (Dreamcast) Review

Starting with Crazy Taxi 2, the game added the ability to pick up a party of passengers, each who have a different destination. The number of passengers in the car multiplies the bonuses earned from stunt driving, while the total fare can only be earned once the last passenger is dropped off.[7]

The console games have also featured a set of mini-games that focus more on the driving aspect of the game. Some these test the player's handling of a taxi, while others are more exaggerated, such as taxi bowling or pool. These were designed to help players improve their skills while also letting them have fun with the game.[6] Some mini-games require the completion of others before they can be accessed.

Kenji Kanno has noted that the gameplay in the Crazy Taxi series has not "evolved" with each new game "because basically the whole point of the game is to have a lot of fun in a short period of time, and it's a very concentrated game. So instead of trying to evolve the series necessarily, it's more like taking that concept and putting it in different places -- seeing how it works."[8]

Setting

Through the series, the cities used within the Crazy Taxi games have been influenced by real-world cities, including San Francisco, Los Angeles, New York City, and Las Vegas. Certain versions of the Crazy Taxi game include in-game counterparts of real-world businesses, including Pizza Hut, Kentucky Fried Chicken, FILA, and Tower Records;[9] these were often destination targets for the passengers. Although this is one of the most prominent examples of product placement in video gaming history, it is generally looked upon relatively favorably amongst gamers, perhaps because it gives a sense of realism to the fictional cities in the game.[10] These have been removed in later games due to licensing difficulties.[11]

Soundtrack

The soundtrack of the Crazy Taxi series has typically been licensed hard rock and punk rock music. The arcade and initial home console versions include selections from punk rock bands The Offspring and Bad Religion, though these have been removed in both the GameBoy Advance and the PlayStation Portable remakes because of licensing issues.[11] In the case of the GameBoy Advance Catch a Ride, the game uses instrumental music instead of recorded songs.[12]

Games

The Crazy Taxi arcade cabinet

Crazy Taxi (arcade)

The arcade version of Crazy Taxi was released in 1999, and featured only the San Francisco-inspired map (known as "Arcade" in the first console game, and later as "West Coast" in sequels).[13] The "Standard Version" arcade cabinet included a cockpit seat, steering wheel, a gear shift lever (for forward and reverse gear) and a brake and acceleration pedal; a more compact "Naomi Cabinet Version" also existed without the cockpit seat.[14] The arcade game was one of the first to use the Sega NAOMI hardware processor, which later would be used in the Sega Dreamcast, and was unveiled as part of Sega's exhibition at the 1999 Amusement Operators Union exposition in Japan.[15][16]

Crazy Taxi (console)

The console/home version of Crazy Taxi was released for the Dreamcast on January 24, 2000. The Dreamcast and the cabinet arcade version share nearly identical processing hardware, and porting the game to the home console was only made difficult due to the limited internal memory size on the Dreamcast[6][17][9] Sega used Crazy Taxi to show off the power of the Dreamcast's graphical processor,[17] capable of maintaining 60 fps throughout play.[2] In addition to the arcade map, this version included the Los Angeles-themed city (entitled "Original"), as well as additional mini-games ("Crazy Box") that can be used to hone the player's taxi handling skills. The new map, much larger than the arcade version, was designed let the player experience the feeling of "being lost" and allow for exploration, something that could not be done on the arcade version, as well letting "the player enjoy all 3 dimensions."[6]

Once Sega left the hardware market, other companies began to take up some of the franchises, including Crazy Taxi.[17] Acclaim brought the game to the PlayStation on May 21, 2001 and Gamecube on November 18, 2001, while Activision and Strangelite ported the game to the PC in 2002; none of these ports were as successful as the Dreamcast version. Currently, the Dreamcast version of Crazy Taxi can be played through emulation via Gametap on PC systems.[18]

Crazy Taxi 2

Crazy Taxi 2 was released for the Dreamcast on May 28, 2001. The game introduced four new characters, two new maps inspired by New York City ("Around Apple" and "Small Apple"), and added two gameplay features: the mechanics of collecting multiple passengers from a single spot, and the ability to cause the taxi to hop, allowing it to clear traffic and certain obstacles.[19][7] Additionally, the "Crazy Box" mode in first game was expanded into a "Crazy Pyramid" mode.[7]

Crazy Taxi 3: High Roller

File:Ct3 high roller.jpg
The player drives through a Fremont Street Experience-inspired section of "Glitter Gulch" in Crazy Taxi 3: High Roller

Crazy Taxi 3 was released for the Xbox on July 23, 2002, and later released as a PC title in 2003. The game reuses the original arcade map modified to allow the use of the taxi hop introduced in Crazy Taxi 2,[20] one of the maps from Crazy Taxi 2, and a new map based on Las Vegas ("Glitter Gulch"). It also adds an additional four characters to select from.[21] The game allows the player to unlock other modes of transport besides the taxi, including a stroller, a pedal bike and a carriage. The mini-games in Crazy Taxi 3 are featured in a "Crazy X" arrangement.[20] An arcade version, entitled Crazy Taxi: High Roller was also created in 2003 using the same three maps as the home console version.[22]

Crazy Taxi: Catch a Ride

Crazy Taxi: Catch a Ride was ported to the Game Boy Advance by Graphics State and distributed by THQ,[23] and released on April 8, 2003. This version is fundamentally the same as the Crazy Taxi console versions, featuring the San Francisco and Los Angeles-themed maps but with a smaller selection of mini-games, adapted to play on the portable device using the Graphics State "Rush" engine.[11] Specifically, while the city and streets are rendered using 3D graphics, the taxi, passengers, and other traffic are represented by sprites in order to work on the limited GBA hardware.[24] Richard Whittall, creative director for Graphics State, noted that Catch A Ride was "about the most technically challenging game you could do on a handheld machine" at the time of its release.[11]

Crazy Taxi: Fare Wars

Crazy Taxi: Fare Wars was developed by Sniper Studios with support of members of original Hitmaker Crazy Taxi design team in Japan"Exclusive interview: Jeff Hasson, Sniper Studios". Sega Nerds. 2007-02-23. {{cite web}}: Text "accessdate 2007-08-19" ignored (help)</ref> and released for the PlayStation Portable on August 7, 2007. The game effectively is a port of both Crazy Taxi and Crazy Taxi 2 to this system without any changes to the gameplay,[25] but lacking the in-game advertising and the original soundtrack. While the game includes its own soundtrack, the player can use their own music stored on the PSP; as noted by Jeff Hasson of Sniper Studios, "for those hard core fans that must have The Offspring playing, they have that option with the Custom Music Player."[25] The player can also record approximately a minute of gameplay footage that can then be shared with friends through the PSP's ad hoc wireless networking. The game includes a multiplayer feature over the PSP's ad-hoc wireless system, allowing players to vie for fares within the same map, including the ability to steal passengers from another player.[26] Multiplayer games such as time trials or "C-R-A-Z-Y" runs (a variation of the game "Horse") can also be played sharing a common PSP, with each player taking turns within the game.[27]

Reception

Game System MetaCritic GameRankings
Crazy Taxi Dreamcast N/A 90% (41 reviews)[28]
PS2 80/100 (15 reviews)[29] 49% (46 reviews)[30]
Gamecube 69/100 (20 reviews)[31] 70% (39 reviews)[32]
PC N/A 56% (6 reviews)[33]
Crazy Taxi 2 Dreamcast 82/100 (18 reviews)[34] 83% (36 reviews)[35]
Crazy Taxi 3: High Roller Xbox 69/100 (33 reviews)[36] 69% (59 reviews)[37]
PC N/A 49% (1 review)[38]
Crazy Taxi: Catch a Ride GBA 48/100 (14 reviews)[39] 47% (15 reviews)[40]
Crazy Taxi: Fare Wars PSP 65/100 (20 reviews)[41] 67% (16 reviews)[42]

The original Dreamcast version Crazy Taxi was one of the best-selling games for the console. The game was the second largest selling Dreamcast game in the United States in 2000, selling nearly 750,000 units[43] and selling over 1 million units in the United States to be the 4th best selling game overall for the system.[1] The game was praised for capturing the arcade flavor, and possibly exceeding it by making the controls and execution of the crazy stunts easier to execute.[2] The game did suffer from "pop-up" due to limited draw distances, and loss of frame rate when a large number of cars were on the screen.[44][2] Critics also noted the lack of depth given that it was a port of an arcade game, some difficulties with the destination arrow, and the poor "Wolfman Jack" impersonation of the in-game announcer.[44][2]

Crazy Taxi 2 was also well-received by reviewers with the new features helping to expand play from the original game, though some thought that more drastic changes could have been made in the sequel.[45][7] Despite the addition of new maps, the lack of new gameplay elements caused Crazy Taxi 3 to be panned by reviewers.[20] IGN noted in its review for the game that "It's clear that the creative vibrancy that first imagined the Taxi series has waned considerably."[46]

The ports of the original game to the PS2 and GameCube platforms are not considered as strong as the Dreamcast game. Both were noted to suffer from more "pop-up" than the Dreamcast version, as well as poorer controls, despite having the same gameplay features.[47][48] Graphic problems also plagued the Crazy Taxi: Catch a Ride port to the Gameboy Advance; as IGN stated, "it's painfully obvious that the hardware just was never meant to push so much."[24] Both PC ports for Crazy Taxi and Crazy Taxi 3 suffered from graphics problems too.[49][50]

The PSP ports of Crazy Taxi: Fare Wars have had a somewhat better reception than other ports. Reviews have complimented the game on the multiplayer additions and the ability to add a custom soundtrack, which led IGN to comment that "Including this should be a no-brainer, but many PSP titles don't", but to note some graphical glitches, long loading times, and the lack of the original soundtracks for the games.[27][51] The reviews of the controls of the game have mixed, with some praising the scheme on the PSP,[27] while others have stated that the controls feel stiff and inconsistent.[52] Gamespot's review also noted that the gameplay in Crazy Taxi does not hold up well compared to more recent racing games across various platforms.[52]

Legalities

File:Sega-patent-6200138-image.jpg
An image from U.S. Patent 6,200,138, demonstrating the navigation system used in Crazy Taxi that Sega had patented

Sega applied for and was awarded U.S. Patent 6,200,138 - "Game display method, moving direction indicating method, game apparatus and drive simulating apparatus" - in 2001.[3] The mechanics in the "138 patent" describe an arcade cabinet similar to Sega's previous arcade game Harley Davidson L.A. Riders (1997),[53] but also describe the arrow navigation system and pedestrian avoidance aspects that were used in Crazy Taxi.

In 2001, Electronic Arts and Fox Entertainment released The Simpsons: Road Rage, which has been labelled a rip-off of the Crazy Taxi formula by game reviewers.[17][54][55] In this game, the player controlled one of The Simpsons characters as they drive about Springfield, taking passengers to their destinations in the same manner as Crazy Taxi. Sega sued Fox Entertainment, Electronic Arts, and developer Radical Games Ltd. over infringement of the 138 patent.[56] The case, Sega of America, Inc. v. Fox Interactive, et al., was settled in private for an unknown amount.[4] The 138 patent itself remains valid, and is considered to be one of the most important patents in video game development today.[57]

Beyond video games

The Crazy Taxi Redemption Game arcade cabinet.

Sega has attempted to branch the Crazy Taxi franchise beyond the realm of video games, with varied results.

In addition to the video arcade games, Sega Enterprises, Inc. (USA) created a Crazy Taxi themed redemption game which was released in 2003.[58] The player had to roll their coin or token down the sloped playing surface past a moving taxi model in the center of the playing field in order to hit one of eight targets (representing passengers) at the far end. Passengers were worth different points, from which the operator would then set the amount of tickets to be won. The game incorporated music and sounds from the video games.[59]

File:Crazy Taxi remote control car2.jpg
Crazy Taxi GearHead RC car

There have been two attempts to create a movie based on the Crazy Taxi franchise. In 2001, Goodman-Rosen Productions acquired the rights for the movie, with Richard Donner lined up to direct the film.[60] Donner had stated "I loved playing 'Crazy Taxi,' and I realized immediately that it had the potential to be a big summer event movie."[61] The movie would have been tied with other merchandise items such as t-shirts and toys, according to Jane Thompson, director of licensing for Sega of America.[62] However, this initial attempt stalled due to an "absence of plot elements" according to Movie Insider.[63] After this option expired, Mindfire Entertainment acquired the rights to a Crazy Taxi movie based on the game franchise in 2002,[64] with an expected release date in mid-2003.[63] However, since then, no further news on the film has been forthcoming.[17]

In 2003, Sega entered a contract with DSI Toys to produce a remote controlled car in their "GearHead" line based on the Crazy Taxi franchise.[65] DSI expected large financial returns from this, as well as a licensed DJ Skribble toy line,[66] but sales did not prevent DSI from filing for chapter 7 bankruptcy later that year.[67]

References

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  65. ^ "DSI Toys banks on DJ Skribble[[R]], Crazy Taxi[[R]] to draw holiday shoppers". LookSmart Find Articles. 2003-07-01. Retrieved 2007-08-15. {{cite web}}: URL–wikilink conflict (help)
  66. ^ Wollam, Allison (2003-10-31). "Fun ends as DSI Toys liquidates assets". Houston Business Journal. Retrieved 2007-08-15.
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