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Chirripó National Park

Coordinates: 9°28′48″N 83°28′48″W / 9.48000°N 83.48000°W / 9.48000; -83.48000
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Chirripó National Park
Páramo climate plants in Chirripó National Park.
Map
Chirripó National Park area.
LocationCosta Rica
Nearest citySan Isidro del General
Coordinates9°28′48″N 83°28′48″W / 9.48000°N 83.48000°W / 9.48000; -83.48000
Area508.49 km2 (196.33 sq mi)
Established19 August 1975[1]
Governing bodyNational System of Conservation Areas (SINAC)
Official nameTurberas de Talamanca
Designated2 February 2003
Reference no.1286[2]

Chirripó National Park is a national park of Costa Rica, encompassing parts of three provinces: San José, Limón and Cartago. It was established in 1975.[1]

It is named for its most prominent feature, Cerro Chirripó, which at 3,820 m (12,530 ft) is the highest mountain in Costa Rica.[3]

Geography

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The Valle de los Lagos in Chirripó National Park.
Cerro Chirripó.

Chirripó is the 38th most prominent peak in the world. In terms of Holdridge life zones, the park can be categorized into five ecosystems:[4] lowland tropical wet forest, premontane tropical wet forest, lower montane wet forest, montane wet forest and subalpine wet forest (páramo). Most of the park consists of both primary rain forests and primary cloud forests. Around 2,740 m (8,990 ft) it changes to wet desert.[5]

Summiting the peak begins with a hike along a 16.5 km (10.3 mi) uphill trail from the town of San Gerardo de Rivas to the park ranger's refuge in the Los Crestones sector; that is followed by a 5 km (3.1 mi) walk to the peak.[citation needed]

Climate

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The climate is dominated by two seasons: a dry season lasting from December to April and a wet season from May to November,[6]

During the dry season the upper regions are susceptible to fires. The latest recorded events have occurred in 1953, 1958, 1976, 1977, 1981 and 1992. This last event, however, affected over 20 km2 (7.7 sq mi) of vegetation and forced the administration to close the park for four months.[1]

The park is one of the coldest places in Costa Rica. In fact, the coldest temperature (−9 °C (16 °F)) ever documented in Costa Rica was recorded here.[7]

Las Nubes

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Fungi of Chirripo National Park.

The Las Nubes Centre for Neotropical Conservation and Research is a facility located at the southwest corner of the park and managed by York University of Toronto through an agreement with Costa Rica's Tropical Science Center.[8]

Ramsar site

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Part of the Turberas de Talamanca Ramsar site, designated in February 2003, is located within this protected area and shared with Tapantí National Park, Los Quetzales National Park, Macho River Forest Reserve, Vueltas Hill Biological Reserve and Los Santos Forest Reserve.[2][9]

References

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  1. ^ a b c "Parque Nacional Chirripo" (in Spanish). SINAC (Sistema Nacional de Areas de Conservacion). Archived from < the original on 2007-05-03. Retrieved 2013-01-07.
  2. ^ a b "Turberas de Talamanca". Ramsar Sites Information Service. Retrieved 7 May 2020.
  3. ^ McNeil, Jean (2002). The Rough Guide to Costa Rica. Rough Guides. p. 53. ISBN 1-85828-713-8. Chirripó national park.
  4. ^ Holdridge, L.R., Grenke, W.C., Hatheway, W.H., Liang, T & Tosi, J.A. 1971. Forest Environments in Tropical Life Zones: a Pilot Study. Oxford, Pergamon Press
  5. ^ Stater, Adam. "Geography in Chirripo National Park".
  6. ^ Lindsey, Alton A. & Sawyer, John O. (1971). Vegetation of the life zones in Costa Rica, Indiana Academy of Science, p. 214
  7. ^ "Chirripo National Park, Costa Rica - profile and photos". www.anywherecostarica.com. Retrieved 6 July 2017.
  8. ^ "Creation of Las Nubes". Las Nubes Project. Archived from the original on 2013-04-15. Retrieved 2013-01-07.
  9. ^ "Turberas de Talamanca Map" (PDF). Ramsar. Retrieved 7 May 2020.
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