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Kāne died on March 8, 2011 , the 36th anniversary of the launch of the ''Hōkūle‘a''.<ref name="ArtistStar"></ref>
Kāne died on March 8, 2011 , the 36th anniversary of the launch of the ''Hōkūle‘a''.<ref name="ArtistStar"></ref>
==Art works==
==Art works==
[[Image:Herb Kawainui Kane - 'Cook Entering Kealakekua Bay, January 1779'.JPG|thumb |left|250|''Cook Entering Kealakekua Bay, January 1779'', oil on canvas painting by [[Herb Kawainui Kane]], 1994, [[Isaacs Art Center]]]][[Daniel Inouye]], United States Senator from Hawai{{okina}}i, has been quoted as saying, “when you saw a Herb Kāne painting, you were energized and motivated to learn about the past. …His artwork captured both ancient and modern-day Hawai{{okina}}i and help preserve Hawai{{okina}}i's unique culture for future generations.”<ref name="ArtistStar"></ref> Kāne became one of the most respected figurative painters in Hawai{{okina}}i, with major works on view at the [[Bishop Museum]], the largest museum in the state and the premier natural and cultural history institution in the Pacific.<ref name="Bishop">{{cite web|url=http://www.bishopmuseum.org/aboutus/aboutus.html|title=About Us|publisher=The Bishop Museum|accessdate=8 July 2011|location=Hololulu HI}}</ref> His work has been exhibited at [[Hawaiʻi Volcanoes National Park]]<ref name="ArtistStar"></ref> and in the [[Hawaii State Capitol| Hawai{{okina}}i State Capitol]].<ref name="Voyagers20">{{cite book|last=Kane|first=Herb Kawainui|editor=Paul Berry|others=Managing Editors Robert B. Goodman and Lorie Rapkin|title=Voyagers|date=First Edition 1991|publisher=Whalesong, Inc., A Beyond Words Publishing Company Special Edition|location=Bellevue, Washington|isbn=0-9627095-1-4}}|page=20</ref> His paintings of Polynesian sailing have been widely reproduced, appearing as illustrations in books and articles. Among the first of these were a series of seven paintings commissioned by the [[National Geographic (magazine)|''National Geographic Magazine'']] and published in the December 1974 issue.<ref name="NatGeo74">{{cite journal|last=Kane|first=Herb Kawainui|date=December 1974|title=The Pathfinders|journal=National Geographic Magazine|publisher=National Geographic Society|location=Washington D.C.|volume=146|issue=6|page=756-769|accessdate=July 8, 2011}}</ref>
[[:Image:Herb Kawainui Kane - 'Cook Entering Kealakekua Bay, January 1779'.JPG|thumb |left|250|''Cook Entering Kealakekua Bay, January 1779'', oil on canvas painting by [[Herb Kawainui Kane]], 1994, [[Isaacs Art Center]]]]<!--Non free file removed by DASHBot-->[[Daniel Inouye]], United States Senator from Hawai{{okina}}i, has been quoted as saying, “when you saw a Herb Kāne painting, you were energized and motivated to learn about the past. …His artwork captured both ancient and modern-day Hawai{{okina}}i and help preserve Hawai{{okina}}i's unique culture for future generations.”<ref name="ArtistStar"></ref> Kāne became one of the most respected figurative painters in Hawai{{okina}}i, with major works on view at the [[Bishop Museum]], the largest museum in the state and the premier natural and cultural history institution in the Pacific.<ref name="Bishop">{{cite web|url=http://www.bishopmuseum.org/aboutus/aboutus.html|title=About Us|publisher=The Bishop Museum|accessdate=8 July 2011|location=Hololulu HI}}</ref> His work has been exhibited at [[Hawaiʻi Volcanoes National Park]]<ref name="ArtistStar"></ref> and in the [[Hawaii State Capitol| Hawai{{okina}}i State Capitol]].<ref name="Voyagers20">{{cite book|last=Kane|first=Herb Kawainui|editor=Paul Berry|others=Managing Editors Robert B. Goodman and Lorie Rapkin|title=Voyagers|date=First Edition 1991|publisher=Whalesong, Inc., A Beyond Words Publishing Company Special Edition|location=Bellevue, Washington|isbn=0-9627095-1-4}}|page=20</ref> His paintings of Polynesian sailing have been widely reproduced, appearing as illustrations in books and articles. Among the first of these were a series of seven paintings commissioned by the [[National Geographic (magazine)|''National Geographic Magazine'']] and published in the December 1974 issue.<ref name="NatGeo74">{{cite journal|last=Kane|first=Herb Kawainui|date=December 1974|title=The Pathfinders|journal=National Geographic Magazine|publisher=National Geographic Society|location=Washington D.C.|volume=146|issue=6|page=756-769|accessdate=July 8, 2011}}</ref>


His art is characterized by emphasis on realistic and precise draftsmanship when depicting historical scenes, such as his series of voyaging canoe paintings and many other paintings of battles, everyday domestic life, and ceremonial occasions, which are extensively researched.<ref name="Mendoza">{{cite web|url=http://www.hawaiinewsnow.com/story/14218899/artist-author-herb-kane-dies-at-82?redirected=true|title=Artist, author Herb Kane dies at 82|last=Mendoza|first=Jim|date=Mar 09, 2011|publisher=Hawaii News Now|accessdate=8 July 2011}}</ref> When Kāne turns his imagination to the legends of old Hawai{{okina}}i and the spiritual and mythological side of the Hawaiian culture, his work is more expressionistic, with bold brushwork and vivid colors. His expressionistic style is seen in his painting ''Pele, Goddess of the Volcano'' for the [[Thomas A. Jaggar Museum|Jaggar Museum]] at [[Kīlauea]], which depicts the supernatural figure with literal fire in her eyes and flowing lava as her hair.<ref name="pele">{{cite book|last=Kane|first=Herb Kawainui |title=Pele: Goddess of Hawaii's Volcanoes|year=1987|publisher=Kawainui Press|isbn=0-943357-01-2}}</ref>
His art is characterized by emphasis on realistic and precise draftsmanship when depicting historical scenes, such as his series of voyaging canoe paintings and many other paintings of battles, everyday domestic life, and ceremonial occasions, which are extensively researched.<ref name="Mendoza">{{cite web|url=http://www.hawaiinewsnow.com/story/14218899/artist-author-herb-kane-dies-at-82?redirected=true|title=Artist, author Herb Kane dies at 82|last=Mendoza|first=Jim|date=Mar 09, 2011|publisher=Hawaii News Now|accessdate=8 July 2011}}</ref> When Kāne turns his imagination to the legends of old Hawai{{okina}}i and the spiritual and mythological side of the Hawaiian culture, his work is more expressionistic, with bold brushwork and vivid colors. His expressionistic style is seen in his painting ''Pele, Goddess of the Volcano'' for the [[Thomas A. Jaggar Museum|Jaggar Museum]] at [[Kīlauea]], which depicts the supernatural figure with literal fire in her eyes and flowing lava as her hair.<ref name="pele">{{cite book|last=Kane|first=Herb Kawainui |title=Pele: Goddess of Hawaii's Volcanoes|year=1987|publisher=Kawainui Press|isbn=0-943357-01-2}}</ref>

Revision as of 05:12, 4 August 2011

Herb Kawainui Kane
File:Herb Kane.jpeg
Born(1928-06-21)June 21, 1928
Marshfield Township, Minnesota, USA
DiedMarch 8, 2011(2011-03-08) (aged 82)
South Kona Hawaiʻi[1]
NationalityAmerican
Alma materSchool of the Art Institute of Chicago (B.A.), (M.A.)
OccupationArtist
Known forHawaiian historical and cultural paintings,
Polynesian Voyaging Society (co-founder),
Hōkūle‘a (designer)
TelevisionThe Wayfinders: A Pacific Odyssey (advisor)
Board member ofNative Hawaiian Culture & Arts Program, Bishop Museum (founding trustee)
AwardsCharles Reed Bishop Medal,
Living Treasures of Hawai'i

Herbert "Herb" Kawainui Kāne (June 21, 1928 – March 8, 2011), considered one of the principle figures in the renaissance of Hawaiian culture in the 1970’s, was a celebrated artist-historian and author with a special interest in the seafaring traditions of the ancestral peoples of Hawaiʻi.

Early life and education as an artist

Kāne (/ˈkɑːneɪ/) was born in the rural community of Marshfield, Minnesota in the United States.[2] His father’s family were taro farmers in the Waipiʻo Valley and Hilo on the Big Island of Hawaiʻi. His mother’s family were farmers of Danish ancestry in Wisconsin.[3] Kāne’s childhood was divided between Wisconsin and Hawaiʻi.[2][3] He describes in his book, Voyagers, an early awakening to art. In 1935 he was a barefoot child in Hilo, Hawaii, brought by his mother to the opening of a gallery exhibition of the work of D. Howard Hitchcock. He writes that he was “stunned, confronted with miracles” seeing Hitchcock’s work and speaking with him briefly.[4] Hitchcock was the first Hawaiian-born artist to achieve international recognition, and his work focused on unique Hawaiian subject matter, particularly the volcanic eruptions near Hilo.[5] According to his own account, besides this exposure to art and the ongoing encouragement of his parents to pursue his interest in drawing, Kāne’s most formative experiences in childhood were in Hawaiʻi, where his father and his family passed along the traditional folk tales of the islands.[6]

Kāne served in the United States Navy, qualifying for veteran’s educational benefits under the G.I. Bill. After he was discharged, he used those benefits to attend the School of the Art Institute of Chicago, in Chicago, Illinois, earning a Bachelor’s degree and, in 1953, a Master’s degree.[1][3][7] Under an arrangement between the two schools at the time, his Master’s degree was awarded by the University of Chicago.[3]

Early career

He became a successful graphic designer in Chicago, working as a commercial artist in advertising, and later managing his own design business specializing in book and magazine illustration and architectural renderings. Kāne said he found advertising work unsatisfying. “The end came when I won a Jolly Green Giant campaign, and for a year, did drawings and paintings of that big green fairy until I could no longer suffer it.”[8]

Kāne had been nurturing a passion for sailing a racing catamaran on Lake Michigan, and had begun researching Hawaiian canoes in the library of the University of Chicago and in the Field Museum of Natural History,[2] where in 1961 the museum had installed one of the most extensive collections of artifacts from Pacific Ocean cultures put on view to that date.[9] Kāne produced a series of 14 paintings of Polynesian canoes in the 1960’s, which were purchased in 1969 by the Hawaiʻi State Foundation of Culture and the Arts, then headed by its first director, Alfred Preis, architect of the USS Arizona Memorial in Pearl Harbor, Oahu, Hawaiʻi.[2] Kāne has stated that this purchase made it possible for him to move to Hawaiʻi, where he lived in Honolulu and continued his study of Polynesian voyaging canoes.[10]

The Hōkūle‘a and its cultural impact

In Honolulu, Kāne attracted a group of sailing enthusiasts, including University of Hawaiʻi anthropologist Ben Finney and Tommy Holmes, author of The Hawaiian Canoe. Together they founded the Polynesian Voyaging Society and began work on the Hōkūle‘a, a voyaging canoe based on historical Polynesian design, capable of sailing between Hawaiʻi and Tahiti.[10] Their purpose was to prove that ancestral Polynesian voyagers could have purposely navigated in vessels of similar type to colonize Hawaiʻi.[11] Kāne has said his goal was also to spur a revival of cultural identity among Hawaiians and peoples of the Pacific islands. He wrote that in 1973 he, with a number of others at the time, realized that “if a voyaging canoe were built and sailed today, it would function as a cultural catalyst and inspire the revival of almost-forgotten aspects of Hawaiian life.”[12]

"What intrigued me was to see, if by building this canoe and putting it to active use and taking it out on a cruise throughout the Hawaiian islands, introducing it to the Hawaiian people, training Hawaiians to sail it, if this would not stimulate shock waves or ripple effect throughout the culture- in music and dance and the crafts. And we know it did.”[13]

Kāne designed and named the Hōkūle‘a, which was launched on March 8, 1973.[1] Technically, the craft is a performance-accurate full-scale replica of a waʻa kaulua,[14] a Polynesian double-hulled voyaging canoe. The name Hōkūle‘a came to Kāne in a dream, he has said. It is the Hawaiian term for the star Arcturus, which is of critical importance to celestial navigation in the Pacific, and the zenith star of the Hawaiian Islands.[15] He served as the skipper for two years as the canoe sailed trial cruises among the Hawaiian Islands to attract crew and support for its maiden international voyage.[2][16]

Kāne’s role in the creation and promotion of the Hōkūle‘a helped restore pride to the peoples of the Pacific, and his paintings of traditional Hawaiian scenes and historical events have helped restore lost identity and, in the words of the President of School of the Art Institute of Chicago, Tony Jones, “rewritten the history of the Pacific.”[7] Kāne’s colleague, Nainoa Thompson, navigator of the Hōkūle‘a, says Kāne was "the visionary, the dreamer, and he was the architect and the engineer. He's the one that carried the burden of building, and constructing, and sailing Hōkūle‘a.”[17] Elsewhere, Thompson told an interviewer, “When you look at Herb’s legacy, it is transforming Hawaiʻi’s society because he brought pride and culture and inspiration back, through the canoe….He is the father of the Hawaiian Renaissance.”[18]

Kāne died on March 8, 2011 , the 36th anniversary of the launch of the Hōkūle‘a.[1]

Art works

[[:Image:Herb Kawainui Kane - 'Cook Entering Kealakekua Bay, January 1779'.JPG|thumb |left|250|Cook Entering Kealakekua Bay, January 1779, oil on canvas painting by Herb Kawainui Kane, 1994, Isaacs Art Center]]Daniel Inouye, United States Senator from Hawaiʻi, has been quoted as saying, “when you saw a Herb Kāne painting, you were energized and motivated to learn about the past. …His artwork captured both ancient and modern-day Hawaiʻi and help preserve Hawaiʻi's unique culture for future generations.”[1] Kāne became one of the most respected figurative painters in Hawaiʻi, with major works on view at the Bishop Museum, the largest museum in the state and the premier natural and cultural history institution in the Pacific.[19] His work has been exhibited at Hawaiʻi Volcanoes National Park[1] and in the Hawaiʻi State Capitol.[20] His paintings of Polynesian sailing have been widely reproduced, appearing as illustrations in books and articles. Among the first of these were a series of seven paintings commissioned by the National Geographic Magazine and published in the December 1974 issue.[21]

His art is characterized by emphasis on realistic and precise draftsmanship when depicting historical scenes, such as his series of voyaging canoe paintings and many other paintings of battles, everyday domestic life, and ceremonial occasions, which are extensively researched.[22] When Kāne turns his imagination to the legends of old Hawaiʻi and the spiritual and mythological side of the Hawaiian culture, his work is more expressionistic, with bold brushwork and vivid colors. His expressionistic style is seen in his painting Pele, Goddess of the Volcano for the Jaggar Museum at Kīlauea, which depicts the supernatural figure with literal fire in her eyes and flowing lava as her hair.[23]

Site-specific works

Kāne’s paintings include several very large canvasses or murals for hotel lobbies and similar public and commercial spaces.[24] His 1973 mural, made of wool, titled Opening of the Pacific to Man, was designed for a space above the entrance to the Pacific Trade Center, on Alakea and King Streets in central Honolulu. It measures 11-foot (3.4 m) high and 43-foot (13 m) wide, and offers views of several voyaging canoes and a central monumental male figure holding a paddle. In the corner of the mural is a representation of the wayfarers chart, traditionally made of shells and sticks, in which islands and ocean swell patterns are encoded to assist the training of a navigator.[25] As a design consultant, Kāne worked on resorts and visitor centers in Hawaiʻi and the South Pacific and a cultural center in Fiji.[1] Kāne was commissioned by the National Park Service in 1976 to paint "Keoua's Arrival", which is on permanent display in the Visitor Center at Puʻukoholā Heiau National Historic Site.[26] Several of his large canvasses are on permanent view at the Outrigger Hotel in Waikiki in Honolulu, where the management dedicated the area as a permanent tribute to Kāne.[27]

One 1973 site-specific mural, painted on a custom-designed wall as part of a history center under construction (and never completed) at Punaluʻu Beach, twice gained notoriety. The historical mural, titled Ancient Punaluu, Hawaiʻi Island measured 24-foot (7.3 m) wide by 10-foot (3.0 m) high. According to a news report, "The mural shows aliʻi, warriors and commoners on the black sandbar, which separates Punaluʻu Bay from a pond where springs provide fresh water immediately behind the beach.....A ceiling of thatch gave the feeling of being inside an old Hawaiian shelter and the thatch hid lighting, which gave a natural, daylight look to the mural. Pebbles and sand at the base of the painting met real pebbles and sand on the floor of the history center."[28] In 1975 the mural survived a tsunami that destroyed the interior of the building. According to Kāne’s account on his personal blog, quoting eyewitnesses, the wave pushed all the displays out the far side of the room and left a mud line three or four feet high on the wall—except on the mural, which was dry and undamaged.[29][dead link‍] Then in 2005 the mural was stolen from the site, which was vacant and unfinished. Thieves are believed to have cut out the wall in five sections using a circular saw powered by a portable generator, and in this way stole the painting, which has never been recovered.[28] Kāne responded by recreating a version of the mural in oil paint on canvas, saying, “Now all the thieves have is a preliminary sketch. Vengeance is mine.”[2]

  1. ^ a b c d e f g "Artist Herb Kane dies at age 82". Honolulu Star-Advertiser. Honolulu Hawaii: Honolulu Star-Advertiser. March 9, 2011. Retrieved 8 July 2011. {{cite news}}: Unknown parameter |coauthors= ignored (|author= suggested) (help)
  2. ^ a b c d e f Heckathorn, John (June 2011). "Herb Kane: The Last Interview". Honolulu, Hawaii: Honolulu Magazine. Retrieved 8 July 2011.
  3. ^ a b c d Hauser, Susan G. (July 29, 2010). "Interviewing Herb Kawainui Kane". Retrieved 8 July 2011.
  4. ^ Kane, Herb Kawainui (First Edition 1991). Paul Berry (ed.). Voyagers. Managing Editors Robert B. Goodman and Lorie Rapkin. Bellevue, Washington: Whalesong, Inc., A Beyond Words Publishing Company Special Edition. ISBN 0-9627095-1-4. {{cite book}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)|page=11
  5. ^ Krauss, Bob (July 2, 2006). "D. Howard Hitchcock". The Honolulu Advertiser. Retrieved 11 July 2011.
  6. ^ Kane, Herb Kawainui (First Edition 1991). Paul Berry (ed.). Voyagers. Managing Editors Robert B. Goodman and Lorie Rapkin. Bellevue, Washington: Whalesong, Inc., A Beyond Words Publishing Company Special Edition. ISBN 0-9627095-1-4. {{cite book}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)|page=12
  7. ^ a b von Buol, Peter (May 20, 2008). "Chicago honors Hawaii artist Herb Kane". Hawaii Magazine. Retrieved 8 July 2011.
  8. ^ Kane, Herb Kawainui (First Edition 1991). Paul Berry (ed.). Voyagers. Managing Editors Robert B. Goodman and Lorie Rapkin. Bellevue, Washington: Whalesong, Inc., A Beyond Words Publishing Company Special Edition. ISBN 0-9627095-1-4. {{cite book}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)|page=17
  9. ^ "A. W. F. Fuller Collection". Chicago Illinois USA: Field Museum of Natural History. Retrieved 8 July 2011.
  10. ^ a b von Buol, Peter (May–June 2011). "Portrait of an Icon". Maui Magazine. Retrieved 8 July 2011.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: date format (link)
  11. ^ Zisk, Janet M. "The Polynesian Voyaging Society and Voyages of the Hokule'a Collection in the Kanehameha School/Bishop Estate Archives". Honolulu, Hawaii: University of Hawaii. Retrieved 8 July 2011.
  12. ^ Kane, Herb Kawainui (April 1976). "A Canoe Helps Hawaii Recapture Her Past". National Geographic Magazine. 149 (4). Washington D.C.: National Geographic Society: 476. {{cite journal}}: |access-date= requires |url= (help)
  13. ^ Harden, M.V. "Herb Kane Artist And Historian". Kapaa, Hawaii: LBD Coffee LLC dba Coffee Times. Retrieved 8 July 2011.
  14. ^ Chun, Naomi N.Y. (1988, 1995). "10:Types of Canoes". In E. Nuʻulani Atkins (Revised ed.) (ed.). Hawaiian Canoe-Building Traditions (PDF) (in American English and portions: haw). illustrations by Robin Y. Burningham. Honolulu, HI: Kamehameha Schools Press and HDL: Hawaiʻi Digital Library. pp. 57–62. ISBN 0-87336-043-5. {{cite book}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)
  15. ^ Kane, Herb Kawainui (First Edition 1991). Paul Berry (ed.). Voyagers. Managing Editors Robert B. Goodman and Lorie Rapkin. Bellevue, Washington: Whalesong, Inc., A Beyond Words Publishing Company Special Edition. ISBN 0-9627095-1-4. {{cite book}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)|page=32
  16. ^ ref name="NatGeo"
  17. ^ Cunningham, Jai (March 9, 2011). "Herb Kane remembered as more than just an artist". Honolulu, Hawaii: KHON-TV. Retrieved 8 July 2011.
  18. ^ "Nainoa Thompson reflects on Herb Kane's legacy". WorldNow and KHNL/KGMB. Mar 10, 2011. Retrieved 23 July 2011.
  19. ^ "About Us". Hololulu HI: The Bishop Museum. Retrieved 8 July 2011.
  20. ^ Kane, Herb Kawainui (First Edition 1991). Paul Berry (ed.). Voyagers. Managing Editors Robert B. Goodman and Lorie Rapkin. Bellevue, Washington: Whalesong, Inc., A Beyond Words Publishing Company Special Edition. ISBN 0-9627095-1-4. {{cite book}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)|page=20
  21. ^ Kane, Herb Kawainui (December 1974). "The Pathfinders". National Geographic Magazine. 146 (6). Washington D.C.: National Geographic Society: 756-769. {{cite journal}}: |access-date= requires |url= (help)
  22. ^ Mendoza, Jim (Mar 09, 2011). "Artist, author Herb Kane dies at 82". Hawaii News Now. Retrieved 8 July 2011. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  23. ^ Kane, Herb Kawainui (1987). Pele: Goddess of Hawaii's Volcanoes. Kawainui Press. ISBN 0-943357-01-2.
  24. ^ Bracken, Sherry (March 9, 2011). "Beloved Icon Herb Kane Dies". Big Island News Center. Retrieved 8 July 2011.
  25. ^ Sculpture in the Sun: Hawaii’s Art for Open Spaces. photographs by Rick Golt. Honolulu HI: University Press of Hawaii. 1978. p. 211. ISBN ISBN 0-8248-0526-7. {{cite book}}: Check |isbn= value: invalid character (help); Text "photographs by Rick Golt" ignored (help)CS1 maint: others (link)
  26. ^ Cunningham, Gregory (March 9, 2011). "A Treasure of Hawaii Passes Away". National Parks of the Pacific. Retrieved 23 July 2011.
  27. ^ O'Connell, Maureen (Jun 27, 2011). "Hotel dedicates tribute area to memory of renowned Hawaii artist-historian Herb Kane". Hawaii Magazine. Retrieved 8 July 2011.
  28. ^ a b Rod Thompson (July 20, 2005). "Isle masterpiece stolen: Thieves carve up and haul away a Herb Kane mural depicting life in early Hawaii". Honolulu Star-Bulletin. Retrieved November 14, 2010.
  29. ^ Kane, Herb Kauainui. "Painting in Public". Retrieved 8 July 2011.
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