Proanthocyanidin A2 and Procyanidin A2: Difference between pages
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| Name = Procyanidin A2 |
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'''Procyanidin A2''' is a [[A type proanthocyanidin]]. |
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It can be found in horse chestnut (''[[Aesculus hippocastanum]]''),<ref>{{cite journal |title=Proanthocyanidin-A2: a new polyphenol |last1=Facino |first1=R. Maffei |last2=Carini |first2=M. |last3=Brambilla |first3=A. |last4=Bombardelli |first4=E. |last5=Morazzoni |first5=P. |year=1996 |journal=Cosmetics & Toiletries}}</ref> in [[cranberry]] juice concentrate,<ref name="Koerner">{{cite journal | url = http://www.ars.usda.gov/research/publications/publications.htm?seq_no_115=234202 | title = Determination of Proanthocyanidin A2 Content in Phenolic Polymer Isolates by Reversed-Phase High Performance Liquid Chromatography | author = Koerner Jayma, Hsu Victor, Lee Jungmin, Kennedy, James, | year = 2009 | journal = Journal of Chromatography A | volume = 1216 | pages = 1403–1409 | doi = 10.1016/j.chroma.2008.12.086 | pmid = 19168185 | issue = 9}}</ref> in [[peanut]]<ref name="Koerner"/> skins<ref>{{cite journal | url = http://cat.inist.fr/?aModele=afficheN&cpsidt=1831517 | title = A-type proanthocyanidins from peanut skins | author = Hongxiang Lou; Yamazaku Y.; Sasaku T.; Uchida M.; Tanaka H.; Oka S. | year = 1999 | journal = Phytochemistry | volume = 51 | issue = 2 | pages = 297–308 | doi = 10.1016/S0031-9422(98)00736-5}}</ref> in ''[[Cinchona Cinchona]]'' and ''[[Cinchona pubescens]]'' rind, bark and cortex, in ''[[Cinnamomum verum]]'' (Ceylon cinnamon) rind, bark and cortex, in the fruit of ''[[Persea americana]]'' (avocado or alligator pear),<ref>[http://www.liberherbarum.com/Minor/UK/IN3412.htm Proanthocyanidin-A-2 on liberherbarum.com]</ref> in ''[[Urvillea ulmaceae]]'',<ref name="Dias">{{cite journal | doi = 10.1080/13880200902933336 | title = Free radical scavenging activity and chemical constituents ofUrvillea ulmaceae | year = 2009 | last1 = Dias | first1 = Suziane A. | last2 = Cardoso | first2 = Flávia P. | last3 = Santin | first3 = Silvana M. O. | last4 = Da Costa | first4 = Willian F. | last5 = Vidotti | first5 = Gentil J. | last6 = De Souza | first6 = Maria Conceição | last7 = Sarragiotto | first7 = Maria Helena | journal = Pharmaceutical Biology | volume = 47 | issue = 8 | pages = 717}}</ref> and in ''[[Ecdysanthera utilis]]''.<ref name="Lie-Chwen">{{cite journal | doi = 10.1021/np010414l | title = Immunomodulatory Proanthocyanidins fromEcdysantherautilis | year = 2002 | last1 = Lin | first1 = Lie-Chwen | last2 = Kuo | first2 = Yuh-Chi | last3 = Chou | first3 = Cheng-Jen | journal = Journal of Natural Products | volume = 65 | issue = 4 | pages = 505–8 | pmid = 11975489}}</ref> |
It can be found in horse chestnut (''[[Aesculus hippocastanum]]''),<ref>{{cite journal |title=Proanthocyanidin-A2: a new polyphenol |last1=Facino |first1=R. Maffei |last2=Carini |first2=M. |last3=Brambilla |first3=A. |last4=Bombardelli |first4=E. |last5=Morazzoni |first5=P. |year=1996 |journal=Cosmetics & Toiletries}}</ref> in [[cranberry]] juice concentrate,<ref name="Koerner">{{cite journal | url = http://www.ars.usda.gov/research/publications/publications.htm?seq_no_115=234202 | title = Determination of Proanthocyanidin A2 Content in Phenolic Polymer Isolates by Reversed-Phase High Performance Liquid Chromatography | author = Koerner Jayma, Hsu Victor, Lee Jungmin, Kennedy, James, | year = 2009 | journal = Journal of Chromatography A | volume = 1216 | pages = 1403–1409 | doi = 10.1016/j.chroma.2008.12.086 | pmid = 19168185 | issue = 9}}</ref> in [[peanut]]<ref name="Koerner"/> skins<ref>{{cite journal | url = http://cat.inist.fr/?aModele=afficheN&cpsidt=1831517 | title = A-type proanthocyanidins from peanut skins | author = Hongxiang Lou; Yamazaku Y.; Sasaku T.; Uchida M.; Tanaka H.; Oka S. | year = 1999 | journal = Phytochemistry | volume = 51 | issue = 2 | pages = 297–308 | doi = 10.1016/S0031-9422(98)00736-5}}</ref> in ''[[Cinchona Cinchona]]'' and ''[[Cinchona pubescens]]'' rind, bark and cortex, in ''[[Cinnamomum verum]]'' (Ceylon cinnamon) rind, bark and cortex, in the fruit of ''[[Persea americana]]'' (avocado or alligator pear),<ref>[http://www.liberherbarum.com/Minor/UK/IN3412.htm Proanthocyanidin-A-2 on liberherbarum.com]</ref> in ''[[Urvillea ulmaceae]]'',<ref name="Dias">{{cite journal | doi = 10.1080/13880200902933336 | title = Free radical scavenging activity and chemical constituents ofUrvillea ulmaceae | year = 2009 | last1 = Dias | first1 = Suziane A. | last2 = Cardoso | first2 = Flávia P. | last3 = Santin | first3 = Silvana M. O. | last4 = Da Costa | first4 = Willian F. | last5 = Vidotti | first5 = Gentil J. | last6 = De Souza | first6 = Maria Conceição | last7 = Sarragiotto | first7 = Maria Helena | journal = Pharmaceutical Biology | volume = 47 | issue = 8 | pages = 717}}</ref> and in ''[[Ecdysanthera utilis]]''.<ref name="Lie-Chwen">{{cite journal | doi = 10.1021/np010414l | title = Immunomodulatory Proanthocyanidins fromEcdysantherautilis | year = 2002 | last1 = Lin | first1 = Lie-Chwen | last2 = Kuo | first2 = Yuh-Chi | last3 = Chou | first3 = Cheng-Jen | journal = Journal of Natural Products | volume = 65 | issue = 4 | pages = 505–8 | pmid = 11975489}}</ref> |
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==References== |
== References == |
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{{reflist}} |
{{reflist}} |
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{{Procyanidin}} |
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{{Proanthocyanidin}} |
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{{Natural-phenol-stub}} |
{{Natural-phenol-stub}} |
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Revision as of 20:40, 9 January 2013
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| Names | |
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| IUPAC name
(2R,3R,8S,14R,15R)-2,8-bis(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-2,3,4,14-tetrahydro-8,14-methanobenzo[7,8][1,3]dioxocino[4,5-h]chromene-3,5,11,13,15-pentaol
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| Other names
Dimeric catechin
Procyanidin A2 Procyanidol A2 Proanthocyanidin A-2 Procyanidin dimer A2 (+)-Proanthocyanidin A2 Epicatechin-(2β→7,4β→8)-epicatechin | |
| Identifiers | |
3D model (JSmol)
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PubChem CID
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CompTox Dashboard (EPA)
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| Properties | |
| C30H24O12 | |
| Molar mass | 576.510 g·mol−1 |
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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Procyanidin A2 is a A type proanthocyanidin.
It can be found in horse chestnut (Aesculus hippocastanum),[1] in cranberry juice concentrate,[2] in peanut[2] skins[3] in Cinchona Cinchona and Cinchona pubescens rind, bark and cortex, in Cinnamomum verum (Ceylon cinnamon) rind, bark and cortex, in the fruit of Persea americana (avocado or alligator pear),[4] in Urvillea ulmaceae,[5] and in Ecdysanthera utilis.[6]
References
- ^ Facino, R. Maffei; Carini, M.; Brambilla, A.; Bombardelli, E.; Morazzoni, P. (1996). "Proanthocyanidin-A2: a new polyphenol". Cosmetics & Toiletries.
- ^ a b Koerner Jayma, Hsu Victor, Lee Jungmin, Kennedy, James, (2009). "Determination of Proanthocyanidin A2 Content in Phenolic Polymer Isolates by Reversed-Phase High Performance Liquid Chromatography". Journal of Chromatography A. 1216 (9): 1403–1409. doi:10.1016/j.chroma.2008.12.086. PMID 19168185.
{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: extra punctuation (link) CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - ^ Hongxiang Lou; Yamazaku Y.; Sasaku T.; Uchida M.; Tanaka H.; Oka S. (1999). "A-type proanthocyanidins from peanut skins". Phytochemistry. 51 (2): 297–308. doi:10.1016/S0031-9422(98)00736-5.
{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - ^ Proanthocyanidin-A-2 on liberherbarum.com
- ^ Dias, Suziane A.; Cardoso, Flávia P.; Santin, Silvana M. O.; Da Costa, Willian F.; Vidotti, Gentil J.; De Souza, Maria Conceição; Sarragiotto, Maria Helena (2009). "Free radical scavenging activity and chemical constituents ofUrvillea ulmaceae". Pharmaceutical Biology. 47 (8): 717. doi:10.1080/13880200902933336.
- ^ Lin, Lie-Chwen; Kuo, Yuh-Chi; Chou, Cheng-Jen (2002). "Immunomodulatory Proanthocyanidins fromEcdysantherautilis". Journal of Natural Products. 65 (4): 505–8. doi:10.1021/np010414l. PMID 11975489.