Gunnera hamiltonii: Difference between revisions
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==Taxonomy== |
==Taxonomy== |
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'''''Gunnera hamiltonii''''' is a creeping [[herbaceous]] plant in the [[family (biology)|family]] [[Gunneraceae]] |
'''''Gunnera hamiltonii''''' is a creeping [[herbaceous]] plant in the [[family (biology)|family]] [[Gunneraceae]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Gunnera hamiltonii Kirk |url=http://www.nzor.org.nz/names/952d22be-cbb8-4c45-89f9-db75bdd7f464 |access-date=2019-04-24 |website=www.nzor.org.nz |publisher=Manaaki Whenua Landcare Research}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Gunnera hamiltonii |url=https://www.nzpcn.org.nz/flora/species/gunnera-hamiltonii/ |access-date=2024-11-02 |website=New Zealand Plant Conservation Network |language=en}}</ref> It was described in 1888 by New Zealand botanist [[Thomas Kirk (botanist)|Thomas Kirk]] in an article by Southland resident [[William Stewart Hamilton]], for whom the species is named.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |title=Gunnera hamiltonii |url=https://www.southlandcommunitynursery.org.nz/site/assets/files/1086/gunnera_hamiltonii.pdf |url-status=live |access-date=2 November 2024 |website=Southland Community Nursery}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Hamilton |first=William Stewart |date=1885 |title=Art. XXXV.—Notes on the Occurrence and Habits of some of our New Zealand Plants |url=https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q130753782 |journal=Transactions and Proceedings of the Royal Society of New Zealand |language=English |volume=17 |pages=290–293}}</ref> |
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==Description== |
==Description== |
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''Gunnera hamiltonii'' is a creeping [[herbaceous]] plant with clusters of small (2 to 7 cm) grey-brown leaves forming a dense mat. It has small green flowers and fruits that are red berries. |
''Gunnera hamiltonii'' is a creeping [[herbaceous]] plant with clusters of small (2 to 7 cm) grey-brown leaves forming a dense mat. It has small green flowers and fruits that are red berries.<ref name=":0" /><ref>{{Cite web |title=Flora of New Zealand {{!}} Taxon Profile {{!}} Gunnera hamiltonii |url=https://www.nzflora.info/factsheet/taxon/Gunnera-hamiltonii.html |access-date=2024-11-02 |website=www.nzflora.info}}</ref> |
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==Distribution and habitat== |
==Distribution and habitat== |
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''G. hamiltonii'' is endemic to [[New Zealand]], found in [[Southland, New Zealand|Southland]], [[South Island]] and [[Stewart Island / Rakiura]]. It is found in damp sand in coastal, sparsely vegetated dune slacks and swales.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" /> |
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==Conservation status== |
==Conservation status== |
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It is classified as "Threatened - Nationally Critical" in the New Zealand Threatened Classification System, with the qualifiers CD (Conservation Dependent), RR (Range Restricted), and RF (Recruitment Failure).<ref>{{Cite web |title=Gunnera hamiltonii - NZTCS |url=https://nztcs.org.nz/assessments/111492 |access-date=2024-11-02 |website=nztcs.org.nz}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Lange |first=Peter de |last2=Gosden |first2=Jane L. |last3=Courtney |first3=Shannel P. |last4=Fergus |first4=Alexander J. F. |last5=Barkla |first5=John |last6=Beadel |first6=Sarah M. |last7=Champion |first7=Paul D. |last8=Hindmarsh-Walls |first8=Rowan |last9=Makan |first9=Troy |last10=Michel |first10=Pascale |date=2024-10-01 |title=Conservation status of vascular plants in Aotearoa New Zealand, 2023 |url=https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q130392985 |journal=New Zealand Threat Classification Series |language=English |volume=43 |pages=1–105 |issn=2324-1713}}</ref> |
It is classified as "Threatened - Nationally Critical" in the New Zealand Threatened Classification System, with the qualifiers CD (Conservation Dependent), RR (Range Restricted), and RF (Recruitment Failure).<ref>{{Cite web |title=Gunnera hamiltonii - NZTCS |url=https://nztcs.org.nz/assessments/111492 |access-date=2024-11-02 |website=nztcs.org.nz}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Lange |first=Peter de |last2=Gosden |first2=Jane L. |last3=Courtney |first3=Shannel P. |last4=Fergus |first4=Alexander J. F. |last5=Barkla |first5=John |last6=Beadel |first6=Sarah M. |last7=Champion |first7=Paul D. |last8=Hindmarsh-Walls |first8=Rowan |last9=Makan |first9=Troy |last10=Michel |first10=Pascale |date=2024-10-01 |title=Conservation status of vascular plants in Aotearoa New Zealand, 2023 |url=https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q130392985 |journal=New Zealand Threat Classification Series |language=English |volume=43 |pages=1–105 |issn=2324-1713}}</ref> |
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It is one of the rarest plants in New Zealand, with only five suspected remaining natural habitats. Natural fertilisation of these plants is now difficult as the male and female plants are separate. There was no fruit or seed produced in wild populations studied in 1996.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Webb |first=Colin |date=1996 |title=Seed production in Gunnera hamiltonii |url=https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q124446143 |journal=Conservation Advisory Sciertte Notes |volume=133}}</ref> |
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==References== |
==References== |
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Revision as of 02:27, 2 November 2024
| Gunnera hamiltonii | |
|---|---|
| |
| Gunnera hamiltonii at the Rakiura National Park | |
Scientific classification 
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| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Clade: | Angiosperms |
| Clade: | Eudicots |
| Order: | Gunnerales |
| Family: | Gunneraceae |
| Genus: | Gunnera |
| Species: | G. hamiltonii
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| Binomial name | |
| Gunnera hamiltonii Kirk
| |
Gunnera hamiltonii is a creeping herbaceous plant in the family Gunneraceae that is endemic to the South Island and Stewart Island of New Zealand. It has clusters of small (2 to 7 cm) grey-brown leaves forming a dense mat. Small green flowers are followed by red berries in the autumn.
Taxonomy
Gunnera hamiltonii is a creeping herbaceous plant in the family Gunneraceae.[1][2] It was described in 1888 by New Zealand botanist Thomas Kirk in an article by Southland resident William Stewart Hamilton, for whom the species is named.[3][4]
Description
Gunnera hamiltonii is a creeping herbaceous plant with clusters of small (2 to 7 cm) grey-brown leaves forming a dense mat. It has small green flowers and fruits that are red berries.[2][5]
Distribution and habitat
G. hamiltonii is endemic to New Zealand, found in Southland, South Island and Stewart Island / Rakiura. It is found in damp sand in coastal, sparsely vegetated dune slacks and swales.[2][3]
Conservation status
It is classified as "Threatened - Nationally Critical" in the New Zealand Threatened Classification System, with the qualifiers CD (Conservation Dependent), RR (Range Restricted), and RF (Recruitment Failure).[6][7]
It is one of the rarest plants in New Zealand, with only five suspected remaining natural habitats. Natural fertilisation of these plants is now difficult as the male and female plants are separate. There was no fruit or seed produced in wild populations studied in 1996.[8]
References
- ^ "Gunnera hamiltonii Kirk". www.nzor.org.nz. Manaaki Whenua Landcare Research. Retrieved 24 April 2019.
- ^ a b c "Gunnera hamiltonii". New Zealand Plant Conservation Network. Retrieved 2 November 2024.
- ^ a b "Gunnera hamiltonii" (PDF). Southland Community Nursery. Retrieved 2 November 2024.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - ^ Hamilton, William Stewart (1885). "Art. XXXV.—Notes on the Occurrence and Habits of some of our New Zealand Plants". Transactions and Proceedings of the Royal Society of New Zealand. 17: 290–293.
- ^ "Flora of New Zealand | Taxon Profile | Gunnera hamiltonii". www.nzflora.info. Retrieved 2 November 2024.
- ^ "Gunnera hamiltonii - NZTCS". nztcs.org.nz. Retrieved 2 November 2024.
- ^ Lange, Peter de; Gosden, Jane L.; Courtney, Shannel P.; Fergus, Alexander J. F.; Barkla, John; Beadel, Sarah M.; Champion, Paul D.; Hindmarsh-Walls, Rowan; Makan, Troy; Michel, Pascale (1 October 2024). "Conservation status of vascular plants in Aotearoa New Zealand, 2023". New Zealand Threat Classification Series. 43: 1–105. ISSN 2324-1713.
- ^ Webb, Colin (1996). "Seed production in Gunnera hamiltonii". Conservation Advisory Sciertte Notes. 133.
External links
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Gunnera hamiltonii.
- Environment Southland factsheet - see sidebar
- Photo of cultivated Gunnera hamiltonii
- New Zealand Duneland Ecology - includes photo of wild Gunnera hamiltonii
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