2024 visits by Viktor Orbán to Russia and China: Difference between revisions
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{{Short description|Visits to Ukraine, Russia, and China for Russo-Ukraine ceasefire}} |
{{Short description|Visits to Ukraine, Russia, and China for Russo-Ukraine ceasefire}} |
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{{Viktor Orbán sidebar}} |
{{Viktor Orbán sidebar}} |
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In July 2024, [[Prime Minister of Hungary]] [[Viktor Orbán]] announced undergoing several uncoordinated "[[Peacekeeping|peace missions]]" visiting [[President of Ukraine]] [[Volodymyr Zelenskyy]] in [[Kyiv]] before traveling to [[Moscow]] to meet with [[President of Russia]] [[Vladimir Putin]], followed with him visiting [[Beijing]] to meet with [[Xi Jinping]] |
In July 2024, [[Prime Minister of Hungary]] [[Viktor Orbán]] announced undergoing several uncoordinated "[[Peacekeeping|peace missions]]" visiting [[President of Ukraine]] [[Volodymyr Zelenskyy]] in [[Kyiv]] before traveling to [[Moscow]] to meet with [[President of Russia]] [[Vladimir Putin]], followed with him visiting [[Beijing]] to meet with [[Xi Jinping]], then traveling to the United States to attend the [[2024 Washington summit]] and to meet [[Donald Trump]] at [[Mar-a-Lago]] The meetings took place amidst heightened tensions and ongoing conflict in [[Ukraine]] following [[Russian invasion of Ukraine|Russia's invasion]] in 2022, with [[China]] increasing diplomatic ties to Russia in the midst of [[International sanctions during the Russian invasion of Ukraine|economic sanctions]] by the [[European Union]] and the [[United States]].<ref name="apnews.com">{{Cite web |date=2024-07-08 |title=Hungary’s Orbán makes surprise visit to China after trips to Russia and Ukraine |url=https://apnews.com/article/orban-xi-china-hungary-ukraine-russia-b021484c18a2f2a4f92cb931869f2bfa |access-date=2024-07-08 |website=AP News|first=Simina|last=Mistreanu |language=en}}</ref> The visit to [[Russia]] was conducted without any "official mandate" from European Union governance, leading to condemnation from several EU national leaders and Ukraine's government.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=‘Peace mission’: Hungary’s Orban meets Putin in Russia, defying EU leaders |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2024/7/5/peace-mission-hungarys-orban-meets-putin-in-russia-defying-eu-leaders |access-date=2024-07-08 |website=Al Jazeera |language=en}}</ref> |
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== Background == |
== Background == |
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Orbán commended China's attempts to initiate peace to stabilize the increasing conflict in the world. Xi Jinping urged world powers to help reinitiate direct negotiations and diplomacy between Ukraine and Russia.<ref name="CHU4f92cb931869f2bfa">{{Cite web |date=2024-07-08 |title=China's Xi calls on world powers to help Russia and Ukraine resume direct dialogue |url=https://apnews.com/article/orban-xi-china-hungary-ukraine-russia-b021484c18a2f2a4f92cb931869f2bfa |access-date=2024-07-08 |website=AP News|first=Simina|last=Mistreanu |language=en}}</ref> |
Orbán commended China's attempts to initiate peace to stabilize the increasing conflict in the world. Xi Jinping urged world powers to help reinitiate direct negotiations and diplomacy between Ukraine and Russia.<ref name="CHU4f92cb931869f2bfa">{{Cite web |date=2024-07-08 |title=China's Xi calls on world powers to help Russia and Ukraine resume direct dialogue |url=https://apnews.com/article/orban-xi-china-hungary-ukraine-russia-b021484c18a2f2a4f92cb931869f2bfa |access-date=2024-07-08 |website=AP News|first=Simina|last=Mistreanu |language=en}}</ref> |
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=== United States === |
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On July 9 and 11 Orban attended the [[2024 Washington summit]] for NATO.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-07-11 |title=Hungary's nationalist leader to visit Trump at Mar-a-Lago following NATO summit |url=https://apnews.com/article/hungarys-orban-visit-trump-mar-a-lago-ee6ba8edc4d4f4f92b06a9265945df8f |access-date=2024-07-11 |website=AP News |language=en}}</ref> |
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On July 11 Orban is scheduled to meet former president and 2024 Republican presidential candidate [[Donald Trump]] at [[Mar-a-Lago]] to discuss various issues including the Russo-Ukrainian war.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Reuters |title=Trump, Hungary's Orban Reportedly Set To Meet |url=https://www.rferl.org/a/trump-hungary-orban-meeting/33031154.html |access-date=2024-07-11 |work=RadioFreeEurope/RadioLiberty |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Bloomberg |first=Jennifer Jacobs and Alberto Nardelli / |date=2024-07-11 |title=Viktor Orbán to Meet With Donald Trump After Recent Meeting With Putin |url=https://time.com/6997281/viktor-orban-donald-trump-putin-nato/ |access-date=2024-07-11 |website=TIME |language=en}}</ref> |
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== Reactions == |
== Reactions == |
Revision as of 20:04, 11 July 2024
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Prime Minister of Hungary 1998-2002, 2010-present
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In July 2024, Prime Minister of Hungary Viktor Orbán announced undergoing several uncoordinated "peace missions" visiting President of Ukraine Volodymyr Zelenskyy in Kyiv before traveling to Moscow to meet with President of Russia Vladimir Putin, followed with him visiting Beijing to meet with Xi Jinping, then traveling to the United States to attend the 2024 Washington summit and to meet Donald Trump at Mar-a-Lago The meetings took place amidst heightened tensions and ongoing conflict in Ukraine following Russia's invasion in 2022, with China increasing diplomatic ties to Russia in the midst of economic sanctions by the European Union and the United States.[1] The visit to Russia was conducted without any "official mandate" from European Union governance, leading to condemnation from several EU national leaders and Ukraine's government.[2]
Background
This sequence of visits came about as Hungary assumed the six-month long rotating presidency of the European Union on 1 July, where Orbán expressed his intention to leverage this position to undergo a "peace mission" to push for ending conflict in Ukraine. The last visit by an EU leader occurred in April 2022 with Austrian Chancellor Karl Nehammer. The meeting between Orbán and Putin also followed a previous encounter in Beijing in October 2023 discussing possible cooperation on energy. Orbán's government is notable for regularly blocking and delayed the EU's efforts to grant financial and military aid to Ukraine and to imposing sanctions on Russia.[2] Orbán was frequently critical of NATO and EU for Ukraine, previously delaying agreement on a substantial EU aid package intended to provide Ukraine military assistance in its defense against Russia. He has argued that Russia's superior resources and manpower would make it unbeatable on the battlefield, a position poorly received by Ukrainians and EU governments from the fear that a ceasefire would only solidify Russia's hold over its seized territories.[3] The Hungarian government opposed Ukraine's bids to join NATO and the EU, complicating their otherwise unified response to the conflict in Ukraine.[4]
Meetings
Ukraine
On July 2, Viktor Orbán traveled to Kyiv, Ukraine to meet with President of Ukraine Volodymyr Zelenskyy. In the joint press conference, Orbán proposed a ceasefire to the Russo-Ukrainian War with a deadline prior to the next Kyiv peace summit as a means to accelerate peace talks. Ihor Zhovkva, Zelenskyy's foreign policy adviser, stated that Zelenskyy's response reiterated his public stance towards peace, emphasizing Ukraine's peace summit initiative to construct a global coalition to push for peace while maintaining Ukraine's sovereignty. Orbán showed gratitude for Zelenskyy's honest and direct responses. Zelenskyy discussed the potential for a detailed bilateral cooperation agreement between Ukraine and Hungary, which Orbán welcomed. Orbán expressed willingness to have Hungary help modernize Ukraine's economy despite strained diplomatic relations.[5] Zelenskyy stated that he was grateful for Orbán's visit, but emphasized the need for "just peace" before any ceasefire proposal.[6] Zelenskyy called on Orbán to cooperate with its allies to push for Kyiv's requirements for peace.[2]
Russia
The meeting between Orbán and Putin took place in Moscow, Russia on July 5, and lasted for several hours. The meeting was not disclosed to any EU members until immediately before its start.[4] Orbán sought Putin's views on whether a ceasefire could precede peace talks. In response, Putin dismissed the idea of a ceasefire that would allow Ukraine “to recoup losses, regroup and rearm.”[7] Putin did insist that Ukraine should pull its forces from the four oblasts (provinces) Russia claimed annexation of in 2022 (including territory Russia did not occupy[8]), but this withdrawal was rejected by Ukraine.[9][nb 1] Putin stated that they discussed Russia–European Union relations and how they were “now at their lowest point”.[11] Orbán stated that he asked Putin three questions: his opinions on current peace plans, his thoughts on potential talks for peace and ceasefire proposals, and his thoughts on "post-war European security architecture". Orbán did not give any details on how Putin responded to these questions.[4]
During a press conference following the meeting, Putin referred to Orbán as "a representative of the European Council" rather than just as a representative to Hungary, and described the talks as "frank and useful". He reiterated Moscow's stance that its own peace proposals should be central to any negotiations. Putin also expressed gratitude to Orbán for attempting to restore diplomacy between Russia and Europe, and claimed that Kyiv remained unwilling to cease hostilities.[2]
Prime Minister Orbán acknowledged that "many steps" would be required to finish the Russia-Ukraine war, and stressed that while the meeting was the first step toward dialogue, significant differences remained between the positions of Kyiv and Moscow.[2] He further acknowledged the burden the conflict placed on Europe's security and economy, advocating for dialogue and diplomacy as the only solutions. Kremlin spokesman Dmitry Peskov expressed appreciation for Hungary's consistent efforts to resolve the conflict and Orbán's initiative.[11]
China
On July 8, Viktor Orbán made an unannounced visit to Beijing, China to meet with President of China Xi Jinping, which he called "Peace Mission 3.0" in a public statement. Upon his arrival, he was welcomed by Chinese Foreign Vice Minister Hua Chunying and several Chinese officials.[12] Orbán posted a picture of him and Xi shaking hands, captioning it with a statement on how China along with the United States and the EU were critical to stopping the Russo-Ukrainian war.[1]
Orbán commended China's attempts to initiate peace to stabilize the increasing conflict in the world. Xi Jinping urged world powers to help reinitiate direct negotiations and diplomacy between Ukraine and Russia.[7]
United States
On July 9 and 11 Orban attended the 2024 Washington summit for NATO.[13]
On July 11 Orban is scheduled to meet former president and 2024 Republican presidential candidate Donald Trump at Mar-a-Lago to discuss various issues including the Russo-Ukrainian war.[14][15]
Reactions
Orbán's visit to Moscow was met with condemnation from many members of the European Union and NATO, who often cited Vladimir Putin representing Orbán as "a representative of the European Council" as a point of frustration.[11]
Ukraine
The Foreign Ministry of Ukraine (on 5 July 2024) strongly condemned Orbán's visit to Moscow for not coordinating the visit with Ukraine beforehand, reaffirming that any agreements concerning the Ukrainian affairs must involve Ukraine.[11] On 8 July 2024 Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelenskyy stated that Hungary could not be a mediator between Russia and Ukraine on its own since he believed Hungary has not the "economy that influences Russia", nor does Hungary has (according to Zelenskyy) "a very powerful army that Putin fears, which is stronger than the Russian one."[16]
European Union
European Union Foreign Affairs Chief Josep Borrell clarified that Orbán had no such mandate, and emphasized to the international community the visit only regarded Hungary-Russia relations and that Orbán was "not representing the EU in any capacity". Borrell also cited Putin's International Criminal Court indictment and arrest warrant for enforcing policies of deporting Ukrainian children to Russia. European Commission representative Eric Mamer criticized the visit as appeasement rather than a genuine pursuit of peace. President of the European Commission Ursula von der Leyen reinforced the EU's stance against appeasement, emphasizing that unity and determination within EU nations were the primary way lasting and just peace would come to Ukraine. Secretary General of NATO Jens Stoltenberg confirmed that while Orbán had informed him about the trip, Stoltenberg emphasized that Orbán was not speaking for NATO's beliefs or opinions. President of the European Council Charles Michel reiterated that Hungary was not approved by the EU to meet with Russia on its behalf, even while holding presidency of the EU. He stressed that any discussions about Ukraine must include Ukraine itself, underscoring the EU's clear stance that Russia is the aggressor and that Ukraine is the victim in the war.[2]
Estonian Prime Minister Kaja Kallas, accused Orbán of exploiting Hungary's EU presidency "to sow confusion" while reiterating the EU's unity behind Ukraine against Russia.[11] Prime Minister of Sweden Ulf Kristersson lambasted the visit as "an insult to the Ukrainian people’s fight for their freedom."[17]
White House Press Secretary Karine Jean-Pierre stated that the meeting would not help bring peace and was ultimately “counterproductive to promoting Ukraine’s sovereignty, territorial integrity, and independence”.[11]
German Foreign Minister Annalena Baerbock announced that she wanted bring up the Moscow meeting to Hungarian Minister of Foreign Affairs Péter Szijjártó in a "serious and honest personal discussion" in Budapest.[18]
Hungary
Orbán responded to the criticism by stating that Hungary was “slowly becoming the only country in Europe that can speak to everyone” and the only country that was able to directly talk with the two states in conflict. He further stated on his X account that Josep Borrell's response to the meeting amounted to "Brusselian bureaucratic nonsense".[11] Orbán stated in an interview with Swiss news outlet Die Weltwoche that he was considering the possibility of setting up more uncoordinated meetings in the future to advance diplomacy in manners that don't necessarily align with EU strategies.[4] On 8 July 2024 in an interview with German newspaper BILD Orban repeated his calls for a cease-fire and warned of further escalation in the war in coming months claiming "Believe me: the next two or three months will be much more brutal than we think. There are more weapons [involved] and the Russians are more determined. The energy in the confrontation, the number of dead, the number of victims will become more brutal than in the last seven months."[19] Orban stated that he was "not arguing about who is right and who is wrong" and claimed his "aim is peace and a cease-fire."[19]
Hungarian Minister of Foreign Affairs Péter Szijjártó released a video statement following Orbán's (5 July) Moscow visit stating that "The peace mission continues and even intensifies", while telling "European pro-war politicians" to "fasten their seatbelts".[20]
Hungary abruptly cancelled the visit between German Foreign Minister Annalena Baerbock and Szijjártó on 6 July, two days before the planned meeting. Baerbock called the cancellation a "surprise" that she regretted, and stated that Germany would reschedule the trip.[18]
See also
- 2024 Hungarian Presidency of the Council of the European Union
- Peace negotiations in the Russian invasion of Ukraine
- Hungary-Ukraine relations
- Hungary-Russia relations
- China-Hungary relations
Notes
- ^ In a speech on 14 June 2024, Putin outlined Russia's terms for a ceasefire. He said that Russia would not negotiate unless Ukrainian forces fully withdrew from the regions claimed by Russia: all of Donetsk, Luhansk, Kherson and Zaporizhzhia oblasts.[9] On 14 June 2024 Russia was not holding all these territories under its military control.[9] Furthermore, Putin demanded that Ukraine abandoned its plans to join NATO. He claimed that the proposal "is not about freezing the conflict but about its final resolution".[9] Putin listed Ukraine's neutral and non-nuclear status and lifting sanctions against Russia as additional conditions for peace.[9] Putin also mentioned that in future peace negotiations Russia would insist on the "demilitarization and denazification" of Ukraine whose (according to Putin) "parameters were generally agreed upon by everyone back during the Istanbul talks in 2022."[10] Putin also stated in this speech, "Of course, the rights and freedoms of Russian-speaking citizens in Ukraine must be fully ensured".[10] Later on 14 June, Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelenskyy told Italian news channel Sky TG24: "These messages are ultimatum messages. It's the same thing Hitler did, when he said 'give me a part of Czechoslovakia and it'll end here'."[9]
References
- ^ a b Mistreanu, Simina (2024-07-08). "Hungary's Orbán makes surprise visit to China after trips to Russia and Ukraine". AP News. Retrieved 2024-07-08.
- ^ a b c d e f "'Peace mission': Hungary's Orban meets Putin in Russia, defying EU leaders". Al Jazeera. Retrieved 2024-07-08.
- ^ Lukiv, Jaroslav; Thorpe, Nick (5 July 2024). "Ukraine war: Hungary's PM Viktor Orban meets Putin in Moscow". BBC. Retrieved 2024-07-08.
- ^ a b c d "Orban says Putin has low expectations for ceasefire before serious peace talks". The Kyiv Independent. 2024-07-07. Retrieved 2024-07-08.
- ^ Malenko, Anastasiia; Komuves, Anita (2 July 2024). "Hungary's Orban, in Kyiv, proposes ceasefire to speed up peace talks". Reuters. Retrieved 8 June 2024.
- ^ "Hungary's Orban urges Ukraine ceasefire on surprise visit to Kyiv". Al Jazeera. Retrieved 2024-07-08.
- ^ a b Mistreanu, Simina (2024-07-08). "China's Xi calls on world powers to help Russia and Ukraine resume direct dialogue". AP News. Retrieved 2024-07-08.
- ^ Lukiv, Jaroslav; Thorpe, Nick (5 July 2024). "Hungary's Russia-friendly PM meets Putin in Moscow". BBC News. Retrieved 8 July 2024.
- ^ a b c d e f Astier, Henri (14 June 2024). "Putin lays out his terms for ceasefire in Ukraine". BBC News. Retrieved 14 June 2024.
"Vladimir Putin issues fresh demands to Ukraine to end war". The Guardian. 14 June 2024. Retrieved 14 June 2024.
Romanenko, Valentyna (14 June 2024). "Putin states Ukrainian Armed Forces must withdraw from 4 Ukrainian oblasts to begin peace talks". Ukrainska Pravda. Retrieved 14 June 2024. - ^ a b "Russia makes another real peace proposal to Kiev — Putin". TASS. 14 June 2024. Retrieved 15 June 2024.
- ^ a b c d e f g Spike, Justin; Vladimir, Isachenkov (2024-07-05). "Hungary's Orbán meets Putin for talks in Moscow in a rare visit by a European leader". AP News. Retrieved 2024-07-08.
- ^ Fornusek, Martin (2024-07-08). "Orban arrives in China to discuss Ukraine-Russia war". The Kyiv Independent. Retrieved 2024-07-08.
- ^ "Hungary's nationalist leader to visit Trump at Mar-a-Lago following NATO summit". AP News. 2024-07-11. Retrieved 2024-07-11.
- ^ Reuters. "Trump, Hungary's Orban Reportedly Set To Meet". RadioFreeEurope/RadioLiberty. Retrieved 2024-07-11.
{{cite news}}
:|last=
has generic name (help) - ^ Bloomberg, Jennifer Jacobs and Alberto Nardelli / (2024-07-11). "Viktor Orbán to Meet With Donald Trump After Recent Meeting With Putin". TIME. Retrieved 2024-07-11.
- ^ "Zelenskyy explains why Hungary cannot be mediator between Ukraine and Russia". RBC Ukraine. 8 July 2024. Retrieved 8 July 2024.
- ^ York, Chris (2024-07-05). "Orban says Kyiv and Moscow's positions on peace 'are very far apart'". The Kyiv Independent. Retrieved 2024-07-08.
- ^ a b Von Der Burchard, Hans (2024-07-06). "Hungary cancels visit of Germany's Baerbock amid row over Orbán-Putin meeting". Politico. Retrieved 2024-07-09.
- ^ a b "Hungary's Orban concludes Beijing 'peace mission 3.0' visit". Deutsche Welle. 8 July 2024. Retrieved 8 July 2024.
- ^ "'Fasten Your Seat Belts' - Budapest Announces Unexpected Meetings, Says 'Peace Mission Intensifies'". Kyiv Post. 2024-07-07. Retrieved 2024-07-08.
- 2024 in Hungary
- 2024 in Ukraine
- 2024 in China
- Russo-Ukrainian War
- Russian invasion of Ukraine
- Viktor Orbán
- 2024 in the European Union
- Russo-Ukrainian War peace process
- Russia–Ukraine relations
- 2024 in international relations
- July 2024 events in Ukraine
- July 2024 events in China
- Volodymyr Zelenskyy
- Hungary–Ukraine relations
- Hungary–Russia relations
- China–Hungary relations
- Diplomatic visits
- Diplomatic visits to China
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