Pathein River: Difference between revisions
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{{Short description|River in Ayeyarwady Region, Myanmar}} |
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#redirect[[List of rivers of Myanmar]] |
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{{Infobox river |
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| name = Pathein River<br/><small>ပုသိမ်မြစ်</small> |
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| name_other = Ngawun River<br/><small>ငဝန်းမြစ်</small> |
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| image = Pathein from the river - panoramio.jpg |
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| image_size = |
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| image_caption = View of Pathein from the Pathein River |
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| map = |
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| map_size = |
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| map_alt = |
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| map_caption = |
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| source1_location = |
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| subdivision_type1 = Country |
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| subdivision_name1 = {{flag|Myanmar}} |
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| subdivision_type2 = [[Administrative divisions of Myanmar|Region]] |
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| subdivision_name2 = {{flag|Ayeyarwady Region}} |
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| subdivision_type3 = |
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| subdivision_name3 = |
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| subdivision_type4 = |
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| subdivision_name4 = |
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| cities = [[Lemyethna]], [[Ngathaingchaung]], [[Thabaung]], [[Pathein]], [[Ngapudaw]], [[Hainggyi Island (town)|Hainggyi Island]] |
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| length = {{convert|183.5|km|mi|abbr=on}} |
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| source1_location = [[Irrawaddy River]] near [[Hinthada]] |
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| source1_elevation = {{convert|30|ft|m|abbr=on}} |
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| mouth_location = [[Andaman Sea]] |
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| mouth_elevation = {{convert|0|ft|m|abbr=on}} |
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| mouth_coordinates = |
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}} |
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The '''Pathein River''' ({{lang-my|ပုသိမ်မြစ်}}), formerly called the '''Bassein River''', is the westernmost [[distributary]] of the [[Irrawaddy river]] in the [[Irrawaddy delta]] of [[Myanmar]] flowing through [[Ayeyarwady Region]].<ref name=JGR>{{cite journal |title=Connecting Sediment Retention to Distributary-channel Hydrodynamics and Sediment Dynamics in a Tide-dominated Delta: The Ayeyarwaddy Delta, Myanmar |last1=Glover |first1=H.E. |last2=Ogston |first2=A.S. |last3=Fricke |first3=A.T. |last4=Nittrouer |first4=C.A. |last5=Aung |first5=Cherry |author6=Thet Naing |author7=Khin Kyu Kyu |author8=Htike Htike |date=24 February 2021 |doi=10.1029/2020JF005882 |journal=JGR Earth Surface |volume=126 |issue=3}}</ref> The river is also interchangeably known as the '''Ngawun River''' ({{lang-my|ငဝန်းမြစ်}}).<ref>{{cite book |title="The Columbia Gazetteer of the World; A to G" |page=2664 |isbn=0231145543 |publisher=Columbia University Press |date=2008}}</ref> |
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Seafaring vessels are able to travel about {{convert|75|mi|km}} inland up the Pathein River to the city of [[Pathein]].<ref name="mimu">{{cite report |author=Myanmar Information Management Unit |date=September 2019 |title=Pathein Myone Daethasaingyarachatlatmya|script-title=my:ပုသိမ်မြို့နယ် ဒေသဆိုင်ရာအချက်လက်များ|trans-title=Pathein Township Regional Information |url=https://themimu.info/sites/themimu.info/files/documents/TspProfiles_GAD_Pathein_2019_MMR.pdf |publisher=MIMU |access-date=February 28, 2024}}</ref> As far south as [[Thabaung Township]], about 20 miles north of Pathein, the river becomes prone to seasonal flooding in a [[flood plain]] environment.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://reliefweb.int/report/myanmar/fierce-flooding-disrupts-delta-life |title=Fierce Flooding Disrupts Delta Life |website=ReliefWeb |date=23 August 2012 |author=Hpyo Wai Tai}}</ref> |
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The river also provides fresh water to the city of Pathein through a treatment plant in the village of Mayanchaung.<ref>{{cite web |title=Outstanding students visit Pathein’s landmarks |url=https://www.moi.gov.mm/moi:eng/news/10165 |website=Republic of the Union of Myanmar Ministry of Information |language=en}}</ref> |
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==Physiography== |
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The river diverges from the Ayeyarwady in southeastern [[Ingapu Township]], close to the city of [[Hinthada]].<ref>{{cite report |author=Myanmar Information Management Unit |date=September 2019 |title=Ingapu Myone Daethasaingyarachatlatmya|script-title=my:အင်္ဂပူမြို့နယ် ဒေသဆိုင်ရာအချက်လက်များ|trans-title=Ingapu Township Regional Information |url=https://themimu.info/sites/themimu.info/files/documents/TspProfiles_GAD_Ingapu_2019_MMR.pdf |publisher=MIMU |access-date=February 28, 2022}}</ref> The Pathein river is part of the tide-dominated [[Irrawaddy delta]] system and has several distributaries of its own.<ref name=JGR/> The overall Pathein distributary system carries less than 10% of the Ayeyarwady River's total discharge volume.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Chen |first1=Dan |last2=Li |first2=Xing |last3=Saito |first3=Yoshiki |last4=Liu |first4=J. Paul |last5=Duan |first5=Yuanqiang |last6=Liu |first6=Shu'an |last7=Zhang |first7=Lianpeng |date=2020 |title=Recent evolution of the Irrawaddy (Ayeyarwady) Delta and the impacts of anthropogenic activities: A review and remote sensing survey. |journal=Geomorphology |volume=365 |issue=107321 |doi=10.1016/j.geomorph.2020.10723}}</ref> It flows southwards and empties into the [[Andaman Sea]] next to [[Hainggyi Island (island)]].<ref>{{cite journal |last=Shivananda |first=H |url=https://www.idsa.in/system/files/5_3_HShivananda.pdf |title=Sino-Myanmar Military Cooperation and its Implications for India |publisher=Manohar Parrikar Institute for Defence Studies and Analyses |journal=Journal of Defence Studies |volume=5 |number=3 |date=July 2011 |pages=117-127}}</ref> |
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==Ecology== |
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The mouth of the Pathein River is home to nesting beaches for five species of marine turtles, including the rare [[Hawksbill sea turtle]] and [[Leatherback sea turtle]] species.<ref>{{cite web |title=Sea Turtles in Myanmar: Past and Present |last1=Thorbjarnarson |first1=John |last2=Platt |first2=Steven |author3=Saw Tun Khaing |website=Marine Turtle Newsletter |url=http://www.seaturtle.org/mtn/archives/mtn88/mtn88p10 |language=en}}</ref> [[Diamond Island (Myanmar)|Thameehla Island]] at the mouth of the Pathein River is known to be a major nesting ground for [[Green sea turtle]] and is the location of a conservation effort by the [[Ministry of Livestock, Fisheries and Rural Development|Department of Fisheries]].<ref>{{cite web |author=Maung Maung Lwin |title=Green turtle (Chelonia mydas) nesting and conservation activity in Thameehla Island, Myanmar |url=https://www.iotn.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/09/IOTN10.pdf#page=16 |publisher=Indian Ocean Turtle Newsletter |number=10 |language=en}}</ref> |
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==References== |
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{{reflist}} |
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{{coord|17.91086|N|95.45863|E|display=title|region:MM_type:river_source:wikimapia}} |
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[[Category:Rivers of Myanmar]] |
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{{Myanmar-river-stub}} |
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Revision as of 17:23, 28 February 2024
| Pathein River ပုသိမ်မြစ် Ngawun River ငဝန်းမြစ် | |
|---|---|
 View of Pathein from the Pathein River | |
 | |
| Location | |
| Country |  Myanmar |
| Region |  Ayeyarwady Region |
| Physical characteristics | |
| Source | |
| • location | Irrawaddy River near Hinthada |
| • elevation | 30 ft (9.1 m) |
| Mouth | |
• location | Andaman Sea |
• elevation | 0 ft (0 m) |
| Length | 183.5 km (114.0 mi) |
| Basin features | |
| Cities | Lemyethna, Ngathaingchaung, Thabaung, Pathein, Ngapudaw, Hainggyi Island |
The Pathein River (Template:Lang-my), formerly called the Bassein River, is the westernmost distributary of the Irrawaddy river in the Irrawaddy delta of Myanmar flowing through Ayeyarwady Region.[1] The river is also interchangeably known as the Ngawun River (Template:Lang-my).[2]
Seafaring vessels are able to travel about 75 miles (121 km) inland up the Pathein River to the city of Pathein.[3] As far south as Thabaung Township, about 20 miles north of Pathein, the river becomes prone to seasonal flooding in a flood plain environment.[4]
The river also provides fresh water to the city of Pathein through a treatment plant in the village of Mayanchaung.[5]
Physiography
The river diverges from the Ayeyarwady in southeastern Ingapu Township, close to the city of Hinthada.[6] The Pathein river is part of the tide-dominated Irrawaddy delta system and has several distributaries of its own.[1] The overall Pathein distributary system carries less than 10% of the Ayeyarwady River's total discharge volume.[7] It flows southwards and empties into the Andaman Sea next to Hainggyi Island (island).[8]
Ecology
The mouth of the Pathein River is home to nesting beaches for five species of marine turtles, including the rare Hawksbill sea turtle and Leatherback sea turtle species.[9] Thameehla Island at the mouth of the Pathein River is known to be a major nesting ground for Green sea turtle and is the location of a conservation effort by the Department of Fisheries.[10]
References
- ^ a b Glover, H.E.; Ogston, A.S.; Fricke, A.T.; Nittrouer, C.A.; Aung, Cherry; Thet Naing; Khin Kyu Kyu; Htike Htike (24 February 2021). "Connecting Sediment Retention to Distributary-channel Hydrodynamics and Sediment Dynamics in a Tide-dominated Delta: The Ayeyarwaddy Delta, Myanmar". JGR Earth Surface. 126 (3). doi:10.1029/2020JF005882.
- ^ "The Columbia Gazetteer of the World; A to G". Columbia University Press. 2008. p. 2664. ISBN 0231145543.
- ^ Myanmar Information Management Unit (September 2019). Pathein Myone Daethasaingyarachatlatmya ပုသိမ်မြို့နယ် ဒေသဆိုင်ရာအချက်လက်များ [Pathein Township Regional Information] (PDF) (Report). MIMU. Retrieved February 28, 2024.
- ^ Hpyo Wai Tai (23 August 2012). "Fierce Flooding Disrupts Delta Life". ReliefWeb.
- ^ "Outstanding students visit Pathein's landmarks". Republic of the Union of Myanmar Ministry of Information.
- ^ Myanmar Information Management Unit (September 2019). Ingapu Myone Daethasaingyarachatlatmya အင်္ဂပူမြို့နယ် ဒေသဆိုင်ရာအချက်လက်များ [Ingapu Township Regional Information] (PDF) (Report). MIMU. Retrieved February 28, 2022.
- ^ Chen, Dan; Li, Xing; Saito, Yoshiki; Liu, J. Paul; Duan, Yuanqiang; Liu, Shu'an; Zhang, Lianpeng (2020). "Recent evolution of the Irrawaddy (Ayeyarwady) Delta and the impacts of anthropogenic activities: A review and remote sensing survey". Geomorphology. 365 (107321). doi:10.1016/j.geomorph.2020.10723.
- ^ Shivananda, H (July 2011). "Sino-Myanmar Military Cooperation and its Implications for India" (PDF). Journal of Defence Studies. 5 (3). Manohar Parrikar Institute for Defence Studies and Analyses: 117–127.
- ^ Thorbjarnarson, John; Platt, Steven; Saw Tun Khaing. "Sea Turtles in Myanmar: Past and Present". Marine Turtle Newsletter.
- ^ Maung Maung Lwin. "Green turtle (Chelonia mydas) nesting and conservation activity in Thameehla Island, Myanmar" (PDF). Indian Ocean Turtle Newsletter.
17°54′39″N 95°27′31″E / 17.91086°N 95.45863°E