View source for 1548

{{Use mdy dates|date=March 2011}}
{{About year|1548}}
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[[File:Queen Suriyothai elephant combat.jpg|thumb|250px|[[December]]: The [[Burmese–Siamese War (1548–49)|Burmese–Siamese War of 1548]] starts.]]
__NOTOC__
Year '''1548''' ('''[[Roman numerals|MDXLVIII]]''') was a [[leap year starting on Sunday]] (link will display the full calendar) of the [[Julian calendar]].

== Events ==
<onlyinclude>

=== January&ndash;March ===
* [[January 5]] &ndash; [[Abu al-Abbas Ahmad III]], ruler of the [[Hafsid dynasty|Hafsid Sultanate]] in what is now [[Tunisia]] in northern Africa, renews the 1547 treaty of friendship with [[Spain]] that had been signed by representatives of his father.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Brogini |first1=Anne |last2=Ghazali |first2=Maria |title= Un enjeu espagnol en Méditerranée : les présides de Tripoli et de La Goulette au XVIe siècle |journal=Crises, Conflicts and Wars in the Mediterranean |date=2005 |volume=1 |issue=70 |page=87 |url= https://journals.openedition.org/cdlm/840 |doi=10.4000/cdlm.840 |access-date=20 February 2021}}</ref>
* [[January 19]] &ndash; Three ships from the Portuguese Navy arrive at the port of [[Aden]] to assist Mohammed bin Ali al-Tawlaki, who has been defending the city against an attack by the Ottoman Navy. The Portuguese ships are forced to retreat to [[Zeila]] in Somalia, where 120 survivors are captured and their ships are burned.<ref name=Onalp>{{cite web |author=Ertuğrul Önalp |url=http://faculty.ksu.edu.sa/73454/DocLib21/Piri%20Reis'in%20Hurmuz%20Seferi.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131212065805/http://faculty.ksu.edu.sa/73454/DocLib21/Piri%20Reis'in%20Hurmuz%20Seferi.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-date=12 December 2013 |title=Pîrî Reis'in Hürmüz Seferi ve İdamı Hakkındaki Türk ve Portekiz Tarihçilerinin Düşünceleri |trans-title=The Military Expedition of Piri Reis to Hormuz and the Considerations of Turkish and Portuguese Historians About his Execution |language=Turkish |page=5 |date=12 December 2013 }}</ref>
* [[January 27]] &ndash; [[Henry II of France|King Henri II]] of [[France]] makes the Châtillon agreement, a contract for [[betrothal]] for an arranged marriage between his four year old son, [[Francis II of France|Prince Francois]], to the five year old [[Mary, Queen of Scots]], to take place in 1558.<ref>{{cite book |last=Guy |first=John |author-link=John Guy (historian) |year=2004 |title=My Heart is My Own |location=London |publisher=Fourth Estate |page=47 |isbn=9781841157528 }}</ref>
* [[January 28]] &ndash; ([[Tenbun]] 17, 30th day of 12th month) [[Uesugi Kenshin|Nagao Kagetora]] (later Uesugi Kenshin) leads a triumphant entry into [[Kasugayama Castle]] in Japan, replacing his older brother [[Nagao Harukage]] as the lead [[samurai]] in the [[Nagao clan]] that rules the [[Echigo Province]].<ref>{{cite book |title=Amassing Economies: The Medieval Origins of Early Modern Japan, 1450–1700 |url={{Google books|M6NEAQAAIAAJ|plainurl=yes}} |first=Brian|last=Goldsmith |year=2008 |page=183 |isbn=9780549851158 }}</ref>
* [[February 2]] &ndash; On [[Candlemas]] day in [[Scottish term days#Pre-1886|Scotland]], during the [[Rough Wooing]] War with England, the [[Auchencrow#Billie Mains and Tower|Byllye Castle]] near [[Auchencrow]] is captured by a force of 11 English soldiers led by Thomas Carlile, and becomes a garrison for English troops.<ref>''Calendar State Papers Scotland'', vol.1 (1898), pages 68-70</ref>
* [[February 14]] &ndash; ([[Tenbun]] 18, 4th day of 1st month) At the [[Battle of Uedahara]], firearms are used for the first time on the battlefield in [[Japan]], and [[Takeda Shingen]] is defeated by [[Murakami Yoshikiyo]].<ref>{{cite book|author=Mitsuo Kure|title=Samurai: An Illustrated History|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=EMbXBQAAQBAJ&pg=PT454|date=25 November 2014|publisher=Tuttle Publishing|isbn=978-1-4629-1490-6|pages=454}}</ref>
* [[February 26]] &ndash; The Ottoman Navy, led by Admiral [[Piri Reis|Ahmed Muhiddin Piri]] (commonly known as Piri Reis), recaptures Aden.<ref name=Onalp/>
* [[March 9]] &ndash; [[Lê Trung Tông (Revival Lê dynasty)|Le Trung Tong]] becomes the new [[List of monarchs of Vietnam|Emperor]] of [[Dai Viet]] (corresponding to northern Vietnam) upon the death of his father, [[Lê Trang Tông]].<ref>{{cite book|author=Trần Trọng Kim|author-link=Trần Trọng Kim|year=2005|title=Việt Nam sử lược|publisher=Ho Chi Minh City General Publishing House|place=[[Ho Chi Minh City]]|language=Vietnamese|page=248}}</ref>

=== April&ndash;June ===
* [[April 1]] &ndash; [[Sigismund II Augustus]] succeeds his father, [[Sigismund I the Old]], as [[King of Poland]] and [[Grand Duke of Lithuania]].<ref name="pol">{{cite book |title=The Cambridge history of Poland |date=1978 |publisher=Cambridge University Press |isbn=978-0-374-91250-5 |page=332 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=o64jAQAAIAAJ&q=%221%20april%201548%22 |access-date=29 September 2023 |language=en}}</ref>
* [[April 15]] &ndash; General [[Zhu Wan]] of [[Ming dynasty]] [[China]] dispatches a fleet of ships, commanded by [[Lu Tang]], to destroy smugglers and pirates at [[Shangyu]], a port on Liuheng Island.<ref>{{cite book |editor1-first=L. Carrington |editor1-last= Goodrich|editor1-link=Luther Carrington Goodrich |editor2-first= Chaoying |editor2-last= Fang |title=Dictionary of Ming Biography, 1368–1644 |publisher= Columbia University Press |year=1976 |page=374 |isbn=0-231-03801-1}}</ref> The fleet sets off from [[Wenzhou]] and makes its attack in June.
* [[May 15]] &ndash; 
**The [[Diet of Augsburg]] approves a decree of [[Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor]], the "Declaration of His Roman Imperial Majesty on the Observance of Religion Within the Holy Empire Until the Decision of the General Council", informally referred to as the [[Augsburg Interim]], directing German Protestants to resume the doctrine of the [[Catholicism|Roman Catholic Church]], including observance of the [[Sacraments of the Catholic Church|Seven Sacraments]].<ref>{{cite book |last1 = Acton |first1 = John Emerich Edward Dalberg |author2-link = Ernest Alfred Benians|last2 = Benians|first2=Ernest Alfred|first3=Sir Adolphus William|last3=Ward|first4=George Walter|last4=Prothero |title = The Cambridge Modern History |publisher = Macmillan & Co., ltd |year = 1904 |page=264 |location = New York |url = https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_EXlVraG0hE8C}}</ref> As a concession, the Emperor allows the continuation of some Protestant customs, including the right of Protestant clergy to marry and for believers to receive the Protestant [[Eucharist|communion]] of bread and wine.<ref>{{cite book |last = Kagan |first = Donald |author2=Steven Ozment |author3=Frank M. Turner  |title = The Western Heritage: Since 1300 |url = https://archive.org/details/westernheritagev00dona_2 |url-access = registration |edition = Eighth |publisher = Prentice Hall publishing |year = 2002 |location = New York |page=367 |isbn = 0-13-182883-5 }}</ref>
**[[Ratan Singh of Amber]], Raja of the Amber Kingdom in what is now the Indian state of Rajasthan, is poisoned by his younger brother [[Askaran]], Raja of Narwar.<ref>{{cite book|last=Sarkar|first=Jadunath|author-link=Jadunath Sarkar|title=A History of Jaipur: C. 1503-1938|publisher=Orient Longman Limited|year=1984|page=33|isbn=81-250-0333-9|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=O0oPIo9TXKcC&pg=PA33}}</ref>
* [[June 1]] &ndash; 
**The Japanese city of [[Uchiyama]] in [[Shinano Province]] (now in the [[Nagano Prefecture]]) is burned by the clan of [[Murakami Yoshikiyo]] after the February defeat of the [[Takeda clan]] at the Battle of Uedahara.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Turnbull|first=Stephen|title=Kawanakajima 1553–64: Samurai power struggle|publisher=Osprey Publishing|year=2013|isbn=978-1-84603-652-1|location=Oxford|page=29}}</ref>
**[[Bharmal]] becomes the new raja of the [[Kingdom of Amber]], in territory now occupied by [[India]]'s [[Rajasthan]] state, upon the overthrow of his nephew, [[Askaran]], Raja of [[Narwar]], who had reigned for only 16 days.<ref>{{cite book |last=Hooja |first=Rima |title=A history of Rajasthan |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=tosMAQAAMAAJ |year=2006 |publisher=Rupa & Co. |page=482 |isbn=9788129108906}}</ref>
* [[June 10]] &ndash; (5th day of the waxing moon in the 8th month of the [[Thai lunar calendar|910th year]] of the [[Chula Sakarat]] Era): [[Yotfa]], the 13-year-old ruler of the [[Ayutthaya Kingdom]] of [[Thailand]] since 1546, is murdered with the consent of his mother, the regent [[Si Sudachan]], who installs her lover, [[Worawongsathirat]], on the throne. Yotfa's younger brother, Prince Sissin, is spared from execution. Worawongsathirat and Si Sudachan are both killed in a counter-coup in November.<ref>{{cite book | author = Princess Sirindhorn's Foundation | script-title=th:นามานุกรมพระมหากษัตริย์ไทย | trans-title = Directory of Thai Kings | url = http://www.sac.or.th/main/pdf/Thai_king_directories.pdf | publisher = Princess Sirindhorn's Foundation | location = Bangkok | year = 2011 | page = 98 | language = th }}</ref>
* [[June 11]] &ndash; [[Suleiman the Magnificent]], the [[Sultan of the Ottoman Empire]] begins an invasion of [[Safavid Iran]] that will last for almost two years before he abandons it.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Akgunduz |first1=Ahmed |last2=Ozturk |first2=Said | title=Ottoman History: Misperceptions and Truths |publisher=IUR Press |year=2011 |page=185 |isbn=978-90-902610-8-9}}</ref>
* [[June 16]] &ndash; The first of 8,000 French troops under the command of General [[André de Montalembert]] arrive at the port of [[Leith]] at the invitation of the King of Scotland, who seeks to drive out the occupying forces of the Army of England.<ref>{{cite book |last=Mowat |first=Sue|title=Port of Leith: Its History and Its People |year=2008 |publisher=John Donald |pages=114–115 |isbn=978-1-904607-17-5}}</ref>
* [[June 30]] &ndash; The [[Augsburg Interim]], approved May 15, is codified into law in the [[Holy Roman Empire]].
* [[June]]
** [[Ming Chinese]] naval forces commanded by [[Zhu Wan]] destroy the pirate haven of [[Shuangyu]],frequented by Chinese, Japanese and Portuguese smugglers.
** [[John Dee]] starts to study at the [[Old University of Leuven]].<ref>{{cite book|title=The Limits of Influence: Pico, Louvain, and the Crisis of Renaissance Astrology|first=Steven Vanden|last=Broecke|location=Leiden|publisher=Brill|year=2003|page=168|isbn=9789004131699}}</ref>

=== July&ndash;September ===
* [[July 7]] &ndash; A marriage treaty is signed between [[Kingdom of Scotland|Scotland]] and [[Kingdom of France|France]], whereby five-year-old [[Mary, Queen of Scots]], is betrothed to the future King [[Francis II of France]].<ref>{{cite book|author=Rosalind Kay Marshall|title=Mary of Guise|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9xIXAQAAIAAJ|year=2001|publisher=NMS|isbn=978-1-901663-63-1|page=68}}</ref>
* [[August 7]] &ndash; Mary, Queen of Scots, leaves for France.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Weir |first1=Alison |title=Mary, Queen of Scots, and the Murder of Lord Darnley |date=18 December 2007 |publisher=Random House Publishing Group |isbn=978-0-307-43147-9 |page=12 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=EzKzPflzIJkC&dq=mary+france+%227+august+1548%22&pg=PA12 |access-date=29 September 2023 |language=en}}</ref>
* [[September 13]] &ndash; [[Maximilian II, Holy Roman Emperor|Archduke Maximilian of Austria]], is married to his first cousin, [[Maria of Austria, Holy Roman Empress|Maria of Spain]], at the arrangement of [[Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor]], Maria's father and Maximilian's uncle. Charles, who also serves as King of Spain, makes the arrangement in order to have the couple serve as his regents while he travels to Germany.<ref>[https://www.habsburger.net/en/chapter/maximilian-ii-caught-between-competing-priorities-vienna-prague-and-madrid Mutschlechner, Martin. "Maximilian II: caught between the competing priorities of Vienna, Prague and Madrid", Die Welt der Habsburger]</ref>

=== October&ndash;December ===
* [[October 1]] &ndash; Archduke Maximilian and Princess Maria, who married 18 days earlier, become the co-regents of Spain as King Charles V departs for Germany to administer the affairs of the Holy Roman Empire. They serve until [[Philip II of Spain|Prince Philip]], the first regent, returns from battle on July 12, 1551.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Carlos V - Carlos de Gante - Los viajes del emperador |url=https://www.cervantesvirtual.com/bib/historia/CarlosV/1548.shtml |access-date=2022-12-31 |website=www.cervantesvirtual.com}}</ref>
* [[October 20]] &ndash; The [[city]] of [[La Paz]], [[Bolivia]], is founded.<ref>{{cite book|author=Barbara A. Tenenbaum|title=Encyclopedia of Latin American History and Culture: Gabeira to Mesta|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=D7lo4iBY48wC|year=1996|publisher=C. Scribner's Sons|isbn=978-0-684-19754-8|page=38}}</ref>
* [[October 31]] &ndash; At the first ''[[sejm]]'' of King [[Sigismund II Augustus]] of Poland, deputies demand that the king renounce his wife [[Barbara Radziwiłł]].<ref>{{cite book |last1=Dworzaczek |first1=Włodzimierz |title=Hetman Jan Tarnowski: z dziejów możnowładztwa małopolskiego |date=1985 |publisher=Instytut Wydawniczy Pax |isbn=978-83-211-0584-0 |page=148 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=oHcdAAAAMAAJ&q=sejm+Barbara+Radziwi%C5%82%C5%82+%E2%80%9E31+pa%C5%BAdziernika+1548%E2%80%9D |access-date=29 September 2023 |language=pl}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=Sokołowski |first1=August |title=Dzieje Polski illustrowane |date=1904 |publisher=Perles |page=295 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=is1MAAAAMAAJ&dq=sejm+Barbara+Radziwi%C5%82%C5%82+%E2%80%9E31+pa%C5%BAdziernika+1548%E2%80%9D&pg=PA295 |access-date=29 September 2023 |language=pl}}</ref>
* [[November 11]] &ndash; [[Worawongsathirat]], ruler of the [[Ayutthaya Kingdom]] of [[Thailand]] after usurping the throne on June 10, stages his coronation along with his wife, [[Si Sudachan]]. Both husband and wife had after both conspired to murder her son, King Yofta, in June.<ref>[https://www.ayutthaya-history.com/Historical_Events15.html "History of Ayutthaya— Historical Events"]</ref> The King and Queen are assassinated on January 13, 1549.<ref>{{cite book | author = Princess Sirindhorn's Foundation | script-title=th:นามานุกรมพระมหากษัตริย์ไทย | trans-title = Directory of Thai Kings | url = http://www.sac.or.th/main/pdf/Thai_king_directories.pdf | publisher = Princess Sirindhorn's Foundation | location = Bangkok | year = 2011 | page = 98 | language = th }}</ref> 
* [[December 17]] &ndash; [[John III of Portugal|King João III]] of [[Portugal]], creates a colonial government of Brazil, with a capital at [[Bahia]], in order to maintain unity among various Portuguese captaincies ([[Captaincy of São Vicente|São Vicente]], [[Captaincy of Pernambuco|Nova Lusitania]], [[:pt:Capitania de Ilhéus|Ilhéus]] and [[:pt:Capitania de Porto Seguro|Porto Seguro]]) scattered along the coast.<ref>Armelle Enders, ''Nouvelle histoire du Brésil'' (Éditions Chandeigne, 2008) p.33</ref> The document contains 48 articles governing the installation of the government, the organization of trade, measures for defense, treatment of the indigenous tribes, and policies toward foreigners. The King provides for a Governor-General, and appoints [[Tomé de Sousa]] as the first officeholder.<ref>[http://mapa.an.gov.br/index.php/dicionario-periodo-colonial/196-governador-geral-do-estado-do-brasil|Governador-geral do Estado do Brasil] ("Governor-General of the State of Brazil")</ref>
* [[December]] &ndash; [[Ayutthaya Kingdom|Siam]] attacks [[Tavoy]], beginning the [[Burmese–Siamese War (1548–49)|Burmese–Siamese War of 1548]].</onlyinclude>

== Births ==
[[File:Suarez LOC hec.13754 (cropped).jpg|thumbnail|110px|right|[[Francisco Suarez]]]]
[[File:William v.jpg|thumbnail|110px|right|[[William V, Duke of Bavaria]]]]
* [[January 5]] &ndash; [[Francisco Suárez]], Spanish priest, philosopher, theologian and saint (d. [[1617]])<ref>{{cite book |title=A Companion to Francisco Suárez |date=6 November 2014 |publisher=BRILL |isbn=978-90-04-28393-0 |page=2 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=wedTBQAAQBAJ&dq=Francisco+Su%C3%A1rez+%225+january+1548%22&pg=PA2 |access-date=29 September 2023 |language=en}}</ref>
* [[February 6]] &ndash; [[Francesco Panigarola]], Italian bishop (d. [[1594]])<ref>{{cite book |last1=Lombardi |first1=Teodosio |title=I francescani a Ferrara: Memorie storiche particolari |date=1975 |page=126 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=PMM8AAAAYAAJ&q=%20%226%20gennaio%201548%22 |access-date=29 September 2023 |language=it}}</ref>
* [[March 13]] &ndash; [[Sasbout Vosmeer]], Dutch Apostolic Vicar (d. [[1614]])<ref>{{cite book |title=Archief voor de geschiedenis van het Aartsbisdom Utrecht |date=1915 |publisher=Van Rossum |page=324 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ct40tsKybboC&dq=Sasbout+Vosmeer+%2213+maart+1548%22&pg=PA324 |access-date=30 September 2023 |language=nl}}</ref>
* [[March 17]] &ndash; [[Honda Tadakatsu]], Japanese general (d. [[1610]])
* [[March 18]] &ndash; [[Cornelis Ketel]], Dutch painter (d. [[1616]])<ref>{{cite book|author1=George S. Keyes|author2=Nora M. Heimann|author3=Rosamond Hurrell|title=A Collection Rediscovered: European Paintings from the Tweed Museum of Art|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=QcpLAQAAIAAJ|year=1986|publisher=Minneapolis Institute of Art|isbn=978-0-912964-29-4|page=60}}</ref>
* [[April 15]] &ndash; [[Pietro Cataldi]], Italian mathematician (d. [[1626]])<ref>{{cite web |title=Pietro Cataldi |url=https://mathshistory.st-andrews.ac.uk/Biographies/Cataldi/ |website=Maths History |access-date=30 September 2023 |language=en}}</ref>
* May &ndash; [[Carel van Mander]], Dutch painter and poet (d. [[1606]])<ref>{{cite book|author=Kunsthistorisches Museum Wien. Gemäldegalerie|title=Guide to the Picture Gallery: Old Masters|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=I0Y3AQAAMAAJ|year=1913|page=64}}</ref>
* [[May 8]] &ndash; [[Giacomo Boncompagni]], illegitimate son of [[Pope Gregory XIII]] (d. [[1612]])<ref>{{cite web |title=BONCOMPAGNI, Giacomo |url=https://www.treccani.it/enciclopedia/giacomo-boncompagni_(Dizionario-Biografico)/ |website=Dizionario Biografico degli Italiani |access-date=30 September 2023}}</ref>
* [[May 10]] &ndash; [[Antonio Priuli (doge of Venice)|Antonio Priuli]], Doge of Venice (d. [[1623]])<ref>{{cite book |last1=Rendina |first1=Claudio |title=I dogi: storia e segreti |date=1984 |publisher=Newton Compton |page=346 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=XUwiAQAAIAAJ&q=%2210%20maggio%201548%22 |access-date=30 September 2023 |language=it}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=Mosto |first1=Andrea Da |title=I dogi di Venezia nella vita pubblica e privata |date=1983 |publisher=G. Martello |page=347 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=-UsiAQAAIAAJ&q=%2210%20maggio%201548%22 |access-date=30 September 2023 |language=it}}</ref>
* [[July 8]] &ndash; [[Kim Jang-saeng]], Korean scholar and writer (d. [[1631]])<ref>{{cite book |last1=Yehak|first1=Chosŏn hugi|title=韓國儒學思想論文選集 |date=1996 |publisher=불함문화사 |page=117 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=KdGRAAAAIAAJ&q=%EA%B9%80%EC%9E%A5%EC%83%9D+%3C1548%EB%85%84+7%EC%9B%94+8%EC%9D%BC%3E |access-date=30 September 2023 |language=ko}}</ref>
* [[July 15]] &ndash; [[George III, Count of Erbach-Breuberg]] (1564–1605) (d. [[1605]])<ref>{{cite book |last1=Simon |first1=Gustav |title=Die Geschichte der Dynasten und Grafen zu Erbach und ihres Landes |date=1858 |publisher=Brönner |page=399 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=rHsAAAAAcAAJ&dq=Georg+III+erbach+%2215+juli+1548%22&pg=PA399 |access-date=30 September 2023 |language=de}}</ref>
* [[August 26]] &ndash; [[Bernardino Poccetti]], Italian painter (d. [[1612]])<ref>{{cite book |title=Il Seicento fiorentino: arte a Firenze da Ferdinando I a Cosimo III : Palazzo Strozzi, 21 dicembre 1986/4 maggio 1987 |date=1986 |publisher=Cantini |isbn=978-88-7737-013-6 |page=150 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=MOrpAAAAMAAJ&q=%2226%20agosto%201548%22 |access-date=30 September 2023 |language=it}}</ref>
* [[September 2]] &ndash; [[Vincenzo Scamozzi]], Italian architect (d. [[1616]])<ref>{{cite book |title=Biblioteca dell'"Archivum romanicum.": Storia, letteratura, paleografia |date=1977 |publisher=L. S. Olschki |page=111 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=nfRYAAAAMAAJ&q=%20%222%20settembre%201548%22 |access-date=30 September 2023 |language=it}}</ref>
* [[September 7]] &ndash; [[Filippo Boncompagni]], Italian Catholic cardinal (d. [[1586]])<ref>{{cite web |title=The Cardinals of the Holy Roman Church - Biographical Dictionary - Consistory of June 2, 1572 |url=https://cardinals.fiu.edu/bios1572.htm#Boncompagni |website=cardinals.fiu.edu |access-date=30 September 2023}}</ref>
* [[September 29]] &ndash; [[William V, Duke of Bavaria]] (d. [[1626]])<ref>{{cite book |last1=WOLF |first1=Joseph Heinrich |title=Das Haus Wittelsbach. Bayern's Geschichte |date=1844 |publisher=H. Zehsche Verlagshandlung |location=Nuremberg |page=280 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=QWjKUMTzbGkC&dq=Wilhelm+V+%2229+september+1548%22&pg=PA280 |access-date=30 September 2023 |language=de}}</ref>
* [[October 4]] &ndash; [[Matsumae Yoshihiro]], Japanese daimyō of Ezochi (Hokkaidō) (d. [[1616]])
* [[November 27]] &ndash; [[Jacopo Mazzoni]], Italian philosopher (d. [[1598]])<ref>{{cite book |last1=Mazzoni |first1=Jacopo |title=Introduzione alla Difesa della "Commedia" di Dante |date=1982 |publisher=Cappelli |page=5 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_WqyAAAAIAAJ&q=%2227%20novembre%201548%22 |access-date=30 September 2023 |language=it}}</ref>
* [[December 30]] &ndash; [[David Pareus]], German theologian (d. [[1622]])<ref>{{cite book |title=Realencyklopädie für protestantische Theologie und Kirche |date=1904 |publisher=J.C. Hinrichs |page=686 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=yqDNAAAAMAAJ&dq=David+Pareus+%2230+dezember+1548%22&pg=PA686 |access-date=30 September 2023 |language=de}}</ref>
* ''approx. date &ndash;'' [[Ma Shouzhen]], Chinese [[Gējì]], painter, playwright and poet (d. [[1604]])<ref>{{cite book |last1=Foxhall |first1=Lin |last2=Neher |first2=Gabriele |title=Gender and the City before Modernity |date=17 April 2012 |publisher=John Wiley & Sons |isbn=978-1-118-23445-7 |page=140 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=OZXwXmvwfSUC&dq=Ma+Shouzhen+%221548%22&pg=PA140 |access-date=30 September 2023 |language=en}}</ref>
* ''date unknown''
**[[Giordano Bruno]], Italian philosopher, astronomer, and occultist (d. [[1600]])<ref>{{cite book|author1=Janet Podell|author2=Steven Anzovin|title=Old Worlds to New: The Age of Exploration and Discovery|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=tsiGwF1Pu8UC|year=1993|publisher=Wilson|isbn=978-0-8242-0838-7|page=230}}</ref>
**[[Oda Nagamasu]], Japanese nobleman (d. [[1622]])
**[[Luis Barahona de Soto]], Spanish poet (d. [[1595]])<ref>{{cite book |last1=Marín |first1=Francisco Rodríguez |title=Luis Barahona de Soto, estudio biográfico, bibliográfico y crítico |date=1903 |publisher=Sucesores de Rivadeneyra |page=13 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=dqtCAQAAMAAJ&q=1548%20%22san%20mateo%22 |access-date=30 September 2023 |language=es}}</ref>
**[[William Stanley (Elizabethan)|William Stanley]], English soldier (d. [[1630]])<ref>{{cite ODNB |title=Stanley, Sir William |url=https://www.oxforddnb.com/display/10.1093/ref:odnb/9780198614128.001.0001/odnb-9780198614128-e-26282|year=2004 |access-date=1 October 2023 |language=en |doi=10.1093/ref:odnb/26282}}</ref>
**[[Saitō Tatsuoki]], Japanese daimyō (d. [[1573]])<ref>{{cite book |title=The East |date=2006 |publisher=East Publications |page=39 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=sxctAQAAIAAJ&q=Sait%C5%8D+Tatsuoki+%221548%22 |access-date=1 October 2023 |language=en}}</ref>
**[[Sidonia von Borcke]], German noble and alleged witch (d. [[1620]])<ref>{{cite book |last1=Borcke |first1=Wulf-Dietrich von |title=Sidonia von Borcke: die Hexe aus dem Kloster Marienfliess ; 1548-1620 |date=2002 |publisher=Helms |isbn=978-3-931185-45-9 |page=7 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=4SgvAAAAYAAJ&q=1548 |access-date=1 October 2023 |language=de}}</ref>
**[[Tomás Luis de Victoria]], Spanish composer (d. [[1611]])<ref>{{cite web |title=Tomás Luis de Victoria |url=https://dbe.rah.es/biografias/5384/tomas-luis-de-victoria |website=dbe.rah.es |access-date=1 October 2023}}</ref>
** [[Fernando Ruiz de Castro Andrade y Portugal]], Grandee of Spain (d. [[1601]])<ref>{{cite web |title=Fernando Ruiz de Castro |url=https://dbe.rah.es/biografias/15089/fernando-ruiz-de-castro |website=dbe.rah.es |access-date=30 September 2023}}</ref>
* ''probable''
**[[Francesco Andreini]], Italian actor (d. [[1624]])<ref>{{cite book |last1=Jaffe-Berg |first1=Erith |title=Commedia dell' Arte and the Mediterranean: Charting Journeys and Mapping 'Others' |date=9 March 2016 |publisher=Routledge |isbn=978-1-317-16402-9 |page=53 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=xr21CwAAQBAJ&dq=Francesco+Andreini+%221548%22&pg=PA53 |access-date=1 October 2023 |language=en}}</ref>
** [[Francesco Soriano]], Italian composer (d. [[1621]])<ref>{{cite book |last1=Sanders |first1=Donald |title=Music at the Gonzaga Court in Mantua |date=20 March 2012 |publisher=Lexington Books |isbn=978-0-7391-6727-4 |page=71 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=igZbXtl7HAAC&dq=Francesco+Soriano+%221548%22&pg=PA71 |access-date=1 October 2023 |language=en}}</ref>
** [[Mariangiola Criscuolo]], Italian painter (d. [[1630]])<ref>{{cite book |title=The English Woman's Journal |date=1858 |publisher=English Woman's Journal Company |location=London |page=174 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=d7YEAAAAQAAJ&dq=Mariangiola+Criscuolo+%221548%22&pg=PA174 |access-date=1 October 2023 |language=en}}</ref>
**[[Simon Stevin]], Flemish mathematician and engineer (d. [[1620]])<ref>{{cite web |title=Simon Stevin |url=https://mathshistory.st-andrews.ac.uk/Biographies/Stevin/ |website=Maths History |access-date=1 October 2023 |language=en}}</ref>

== Deaths ==
[[File:Sigismund I of Poland.PNG|thumb|110px|right|King [[Sigismund I the Old]]]]
[[File:Juan-de-Zumarraga.jpg|thumb|110px|right|Saint [[Juan de Zumarraga]]]]
[[File:Joao de Castro.jpg|thumb|110px|right|[[Joao de Castro]]]]
* [[January 9]] &ndash; [[Matthäus Zell]], German Lutheran pastor (b. [[1477]])<ref>{{cite book |last1=Zimmerling |first1=Peter |title=Evangelische Seelsorgerinnen: biografische Skizzen, Texte und Programme |date=2005 |publisher=Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht |isbn=978-3-525-62380-0 |page=50 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=WRszwZLf7iUC&dq=Matth%C3%A4us+Zell+%229+januar+1548%22&pg=PA50 |access-date=1 October 2023 |language=de}}</ref>
* [[January 23]] &ndash; [[Bernardo Pisano]], Italian composer (b. [[1490]])<ref>{{cite book|author=International Musicological Society. Congress|title=Report|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=0rMJAQAAMAAJ|year=1970|publisher=Bärenreiter|page=97}}</ref>
* [[February 26]] &ndash; [[Lorenzino de' Medici]], Italian writer and assassin (b. [[1514]])<ref>{{cite book |last1=Portigliotti |first1=Ciuseppe |title=Porpore Pugnali Etere |date=1925 |publisher=Fratelli Treves Editori |page=168 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=TuVrx-JNYgkC&dq=Lorenzino+de%27+Medici+%2226+febbraio+1548%22&pg=PA168 |access-date=1 October 2023 |language=it}}</ref>
* [[March 23]] &ndash; [[Itagaki Nobukata]], Japanese retainer
* [[March 24]] &ndash; [[Gissur Einarsson]], first Lutheran bishop in Iceland
* [[April 1]] &ndash; King [[Sigismund I the Old]] of Poland (b. [[1467]])<ref name="pol" />
* [[June 3]] &ndash; [[Juan de Zumárraga]], Spanish Catholic bishop of Mexico (b. [[1468]])<ref>{{cite book |last1=MULVIHILL |first1=DANIEL JOSEPH |title=JUAN DE ZUMARRAGA, FIRST BISHOP OF MEXICO. |date=1954 |publisher=University of Michigan |page=191 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=f6e_SNlT27cC&q=Juan+de+Zum%C3%A1rraga+%223+june+1548%22 |access-date=1 October 2023 |language=en}}</ref>
* [[June 6]] &ndash; [[João de Castro]], Portuguese explorer (b. [[1500]])<ref>{{cite book|author=Asiatic Society of Bombay|title=Journal|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Je07AQAAIAAJ|year=1969|page=207}}</ref>
* [[June 14]] &ndash; [[Carpentras (composer)|Carpentras]], French composer (b. c. [[1470]])<ref>{{cite book |title=Bulletin de la Société française de musicologie |date=1918 |publisher=Librairie F. Alcan |page=144 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=QplNAQAAMAAJ&dq=%2214+juin+1548%22+de+Carpentras&pg=PA144 |access-date=1 October 2023 |language=fr}}</ref>
* [[July 4]] &ndash; [[Philip, Duke of Palatinate-Neuburg]], German duke (b. [[1503]])<ref>{{cite book |title=Bezirksamt Burglengenfeld |date=1906 |publisher=R. Oldenbourg |page=30 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=kypAAAAAYAAJ&dq=Philipp+pfalz+%224+juli+1548%22&pg=PA30 |access-date=1 October 2023 |language=de}}</ref>
* [[July 29]] &ndash; [[Gian Gabriele I of Saluzzo]], Italian abbot, Marquess of Saluzzo (b. [[1501]])<ref>{{cite book |last1=Beltrutti |first1=Giorgio |title=Rossana nella storia del Piemonte sud-occidentale |date=1975 |publisher=L'artistica |page=294 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=NM5WAAAAYAAJ&q=%2229%20luglio%201548%22 |access-date=1 October 2023 |language=it}}</ref>
* [[August 2]] &ndash; [[Henry II, Duke of Münsterberg-Oels]] and Count of Glatz (b. [[1507]])<ref>{{cite book |title=Zeitschrift des Vereins für Geschichte Schlesiens |date=1906 |publisher=F. Hirt |page=288 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=GYYVAAAAYAAJ&dq=Heinrich+II+%222+august+1548%22&pg=RA1-PA288 |access-date=1 October 2023 |language=de}}</ref>
* [[September 5]] &ndash; [[Catherine Parr]], sixth and last Queen of [[Henry VIII of England]] (b. c. [[1512]])<ref>{{cite book|author=Susan Bassnett|title=Elizabeth I: A Feminist Perspective|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=hHZnAAAAMAAJ|year=1988|publisher=Berg Publishers|isbn=978-0-85496-167-2|page=25}}</ref>
* [[September 8]] &ndash; [[John III of Pernstein]], Bohemian land-owner, Governor of Moravia and Count of Kladsko (b. [[1487]])<ref>{{cite book |title=Notizen-Blatt der Historisch-Statistischen Section der Kais. Königl. Mährisch-Schlesischen Gesellschaft zur Beförderung des Ackerbaues, der Natur- und Landeskunde |date=1872 |publisher=Kaiserlich-Königliche Mährisch-Schlesische Gesellschaft zur Beförderung des Ackerbaues, der Natur- und Landeskunde Historisch-Statistische Section |page=40 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=0xO1GyCNax0C&dq=Johann+IV+%228+september+1548%22&pg=RA1-PA40 |access-date=1 October 2023 |language=de}}</ref>
* [[October 27]] &ndash; [[Johannes Dantiscus]], Polish poet and Bishop of Warmia (b. [[1485]])<ref>{{cite book|author1=Peter G. Bietenholz|author2=Thomas Brian Deutscher|title=Contemporaries of Erasmus: A Biographical Register of the Renaissance and Reformation|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=hruQ386SfFcC&pg=PA377|date=1 January 2003|publisher=University of Toronto Press|isbn=978-0-8020-8577-1|pages=377}}</ref>
* [[November 16]] &ndash; [[Caspar Creuziger]], German humanist (b. [[1504]])<ref>{{cite book |title=Zeitschrift für die historische Theologie, herausg. von C.F. Illgen |date=1840 |publisher=Historisch-theologische Gesellschaft zu Leipzig |page=245 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=mfgDAAAAQAAJ&dq=Caspar+Creuziger+%2216+november+1548%22&pg=RA2-PA245 |access-date=1 October 2023 |language=de}}</ref>
* [[December 27]] &ndash; [[Francesco Spiera]], Italian Protestant jurist (b. [[1502]])<ref>{{cite book |last1=Prosperi |first1=Adriano |title=L'eresia del Libro grande: storia di Giorgio Siculo e della sua setta |date=2000 |publisher=Feltrinelli Editore |isbn=978-88-07-10297-4 |page=123 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=khFUnuBl8JYC&dq=Francesco+Spiera+%2227+dicembre+1548%22&pg=PA123 |access-date=1 October 2023 |language=it}}</ref>
* ''date unknown''
** [[Juan Diego Cuauhtlatoatzin]], Mexican Catholic saint (b. [[1474]])<ref>{{cite book |last1=Chávez |first1=Eduardo |title=Our Lady of Guadalupe and Saint Juan Diego: The Historical Evidence |date=2006 |publisher=Rowman & Littlefield |isbn=978-0-7425-5105-3 |page=33 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=CEM6yxXP9YAC&q=1548&pg=PR9 |access-date=1 October 2023 |language=en}}</ref>
** Chief Queen [[Suriyothai|Sri Suriyothai]], consort of King [[Maha Chakkrapat]] of [[Ayutthaya Kingdom|Ayutthaya]] (killed in battle)<ref>{{cite book |last1=Shaw |first1=Susan M. |last2=Barbour |first2=Nancy Staton |last3=Duncan |first3=Patti |last4=Freehling-Burton |first4=Kryn |last5=Nichols |first5=Jane |title=Women's Lives around the World [4 volumes]: A Global Encyclopedia [4 volumes] |date=4 January 2018 |publisher=Bloomsbury Publishing USA |isbn=978-1-61069-712-5 |page=328 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=sRjOEAAAQBAJ&dq=Suriyothai+december+1548&pg=RA2-PA328 |access-date=1 October 2023 |language=en}}</ref>
** [[Strongilah]], Jewish Ottoman businesswoman.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Afyoncu |first1=Erhan |title=Sahte Mesih; Osmanlı Belgeleri Işığında Dönmeliğin Kurucusu Sabatay Sevi ve Yahudiler (Yeditepe Yayınevi) |date=7 June 2013 |publisher=Yeditepe Yayınevi |isbn=978-625-8396-54-6 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=OEnPEAAAQBAJ&dq=Strongilah+%221548%22&pg=PT25 |access-date=1 October 2023 |language=tr|quote=Strongilah remained in the palace. She became a Muslim and took the name Fatma Hatun in mid-April 1548 and died a few months later.}}</ref>

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:1548}}
[[Category:1548| ]]