priest

See also: Priest

English

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priest

Etymology

From Middle English prest, preest, from Old English prēost (“priest”), from Late Latin presbyter, from Ancient Greek πρεσβύτερος (presbúteros), from πρέσβυς (présbus, “elder, older”). Reinforced in Middle English by Old French prestre, also from Latin presbyter. Doublet of presbyter and prester.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈpɹiːst/, [ˈpɹ̥iːst]
Audio (US): (file)
Audio (UK): (file)
Rhymes: -iːst

Noun

priest (plural priests)

A religious clergyman (clergywoman, clergyperson) who is trained to perform services or sacrifices at a church or temple.
Hypernym: cleric

The priest at the Catholic church heard his confession.

The Shinto priest burnt incense for his ancestors.

The Israelite priests were descended from Moses' brother Aaron.
- 1918, W[illiam] B[abington] Maxwell, chapter X, in The Mirror and the Lamp, Indianapolis, Ind.: The Bobbs-Merrill Company, →OCLC:
  It was a joy to snatch some brief respite, and find himself in the rectory drawing–room. Listening here was as pleasant as talking; just to watch was pleasant. The young priests who lived here wore cassocks and birettas; their faces were fine and mild, yet really strong, like the rector's face; and in their intercourse with him and his wife they seemed to be brothers.
A blunt tool, used for quickly stunning and killing fish.
(Mormonism) The highest office in the Aaronic priesthood.

Coordinate terms

imam (Islam); guru, mahant, pujari (Hinduism); kohen (cohen), rabbi (Judaism); bhikkhu (Buddhism); godi (Germanic paganism); volkhv (Slavic paganism); mobad (Zoroastrianism)

Derived terms

Translations

clergyman (clergywoman, clergyperson)

Afrikaans: priester
Albanian: prift (sq) m
Amharic: ካህን (kahn)
Arabic: قِسِّيس (ar) m (qissīs), قِسّ m (qiss), قَسّ m (qass), كَاهِن m (kāhin)
Egyptian Arabic: قسيس m (ʔassīs, ʔessīs)

Gulf Arabic: راهب m (rāheb)

Iraqi Arabic: قس m (qass), كاهن m (kāhen)

Moroccan Arabic: قسيس m (qissīs)

North Levantine Arabic: خوري m (ḵūri)

South Levantine Arabic: قسيس m (qissīs, qassīs), خوري m (ḵūri)

Tunisian Arabic: باباص m (bābāṣ), پاپاص m (pāpāṣ)
Aramaic:
Classical Syriac: ܟܗܢܐ (kāhnā), ܟܘܡܪܐ (kumrā) (non-Christian)
Armenian: քահանա (hy) (kʻahana), երեց (hy) (erecʻ), (celibate) աբեղա (hy) (abeġa), (colloquial) տերտեր (hy) (terter), (pagan) քուրմ (hy) (kʻurm)
Aromanian: preftu m
Asturian: sacerdote (ast) m
Azerbaijani: keşiş, kahin (az)
Basque: apaiz (eu), abade (eu)
Belarusian: свята́р m (svjatár), сьвята́р m (sʹvjatár) (Taraškievica), поп m (pop), ксёндз m (ksjondz) (Catholic), жрэц m (žrec) (pagan), свяшчэ́ннiк m (svjaščénnik), сьвяшчэ́ньнiк m (sʹvjaščénʹnik) (Taraškievica), свяшчэннаслужы́цель m (svjaščennaslužýcjelʹ), сьвяшчэннаслужы́цель m (sʹvjaščennaslužýcjelʹ) (Taraškievica)
Bengali: যাজক (bn) (jajok)
Breton: beleg (br) m
Bulgarian: свеще́ник (bg) m (svešténik), поп (bg) m (pop), свещенослужи́тел (bg) m (sveštenoslužítel)
Burmese: ရဟန်း (my) (ra.han:)
Catalan: sacerdot (ca) m, capellà (ca) m
Chamicuro: patile
Chavacano: padre
Chinese:
Cantonese: 祭司 (zai³ si¹)

Mandarin: 祭司 (zh) (jìsī), 教士 (zh) (jiàoshì), 神父 (zh) (shénfù) (Catholic or Orthodox), 牧師／牧师 (zh) (mùshī), 司鐸／司铎 (zh) (sīduó)
Coptic: ϩⲟⲛⲧ (hont)
Cornish: pronter m
Corsican: preti (co) m
Czech: kněz (cs) m
Dalmatian: priast m
Danish: præst (da) c
Dutch: priester (nl) m, pastoor (nl) m
Egyptian:

(ḥm-nṯr)
Emilian: prît m
Erzya: озатя (ozaťa)
Esperanto: pastro, pastrino (female)
Estonian: preester
Faroese: prestur m
Finnish: pappi (fi)
French: prêtre (fr) m, prêtresse (fr) f, sacrificateur (fr) m, sacrificatrice (fr) f
Friulian: predi m
Galician: crego (gl) m, preste m, capelán (gl) m
Georgian: მღვდელი (ka) (mɣvdeli), ქურუმი (kurumi)
German: Priester (de) m, Priesterin (de) f, Pfarrer (de) m, Pfarrerin (de) f, Pastor (de) m, Pastorin (de) f, Seelsorger (de) m, Seelsorgerin (de) f, Pfaffe (de) m (pejorative, jeder Christenmann sei ein Pfaffe), Pfäffin (de) f (jedes Christenweib eine Pfäffin)
Gothic: 𐌲𐌿𐌳𐌾𐌰 m (gudja), 𐍅𐌴𐌹𐌷𐌰 m (weiha), 𐍀𐌰𐍀𐌰 m (papa) (Christian)
Greek: ιερέας (el) m (ieréas), ιερωμένος (el) m (ieroménos), κληρικός (el) m (klirikós), παπάς (el) m (papás), εφημέριος (el) m (efimérios) (Greek Orthodox), πρεσβύτερος (el) m (presvýteros) (Anglican), πρωτοπρεσβύτερος (el) m (protopresvýteros) (Roman Catholic)
Ancient: ἱερεύς m (hiereús)
Greenlandic: palasi
Guaraní: pa'i
Hebrew: כֹּמֶר / כומר (he) m (kómer) (Christian), כּוֹהֵן / כֹּהֵן m (kohén)
Hindi: याजक (hi) m (yājak), पादरी (hi) m (pādrī), काहिन m (kāhin)
Hungarian: pap (hu)
Icelandic: prestur (is) m
Ido: kleriko (io), sacerdoto (io) (Catholic), popo (io) (Orthodox)
Indonesian: pendeta (id), imam (id)
Ingrian: pappi
Interlingua: prestre, sacerdote
Irish: sagart (ga) m, athair naofa m
Old Irish: sacart m, cruimther m

Primitive Irish: ᚊᚏᚔᚋᚔᚈᚔᚏ m (qrimitir)
Italian: prete (it) m, sacerdote (it) m, pope (it) (Orthodox)
Japanese: 司祭 (ja) (しさい, shisai), 牧師 (ja) (ぼくし, bokushi), 僧 (ja) (そう, sō), 法師 (ja) (ほうし, hōshi), 祭司 (ja) (さいし, saishi), 神父 (ja) (しんぷ, shinpu) (Catholic or Orthodox), 聖職者 (ja) (せいしょくしゃ, seishokusha)
Javanese: pandhita (jv), dwija (jv)
Kapampangan: pari
Kazakh: дін қызметшісі (dın qyzmetşısı), поп (kk) (pop)
Khmer: អ្នកបួស (nĕək buəh), លោកសង្ឃ (look sɑng)
Konkani: पाद्रि (pādri)
Korean: 신부(神父) (ko) (sinbu), 사제(司祭) (ko) (saje), 성직자(聖職者) (seongjikja)
Kumyk: кешиш (keşiş)
Kurdish:
Northern Kurdish: qeşe (ku), pîr (ku)
Kyrgyz: поп (pop)
Ladino: papaz
Lao: ຄຸນພໍ່ (khun phǭ), ຄູບາ (khū bā)
Latin: sacerdōs (la) m or f, flāmen m or f, sacrārius m
Latvian: priesteris m, mācītājs m
Lithuanian: kunigas m
Luxembourgish: Paschtouer m
Macedonian: свештеник m (sveštenik), поп (mk) m (pop)
Malay: paderi (ms), imam (ms)
Malayalam: പുരോഹിതൻ (ml) (purōhitaṉ)
Maltese: qassis m
Manx: saggyrt m
Maori: Tohunga
Middle English: prest
Middle French: prestre
Mongolian:
Cyrillic: санваартан (mn) (sanvaartan), бөө (mn) (böö), тайлгач (mn) (tajlgač)
Nahuatl:
Classical: teopixqui, tlamacazqui, tlenamacac
Navajo: ééʼ neishoodii
Norwegian:
Bokmål: prest (no) m

Nynorsk: prest m
Occitan: prèire (oc) m, capelan (oc) m
Old Church Slavonic:
Cyrillic: свѧщеникъ m (svęštenikŭ), попъ m (popŭ)
Old East Slavic: свѧщеникъ m (svęščenikŭ), свѧщеньникъ m (svęščenĭnikŭ), попъ m (popŭ)
Old English: prēost m, sacerd m
Old French: prestre m, provoire m
Old Galician-Portuguese: preste m
Old Irish: sacart m
Old Norse: goði m, gyðja f
Old Tupi: abaré
Ottoman Turkish: كشیش (keşiş) (Christian)
Paiwan: palaingan
Pashto: پادري (ps) m (pādri), کاهن m (kāhǝn), کشیش m (kašiš)
Persian: کندا (fa) sg (kondā) (classic)
Dari: کَشِیش (fa) (kašīš), کَاهِن (fa) (kāhin) (Jewish or Christian)

Iranian Persian: کَشیش (fa) (kašiš), کاهِن (fa) (kâhen) (Jewish or Christian)
Plautdietsch: Priesta m
Polish: ksiądz (pl) m (Christian), kapłan (pl) m, klecha (pl) m (pejorative), duchowny (pl) m, prezbiter (pl) m (Christian)
Portuguese: padre (pt) m (Christian), sacerdote (pt) m, presbítero (pt) m
Romagnol: prid m, prit m
Romani: raśaj m
Romanian: preot (ro) m, popă (ro) m
Romansch: spiritual, prer
Russian: свяще́нник (ru) m (svjaščénnik), поп (ru) m (pop), жрец (ru) m (žrec) (especially pagan), (respectful, not Orthodox) свято́й оте́ц m (svjatój otéc), оте́ц (ru) m (otéc), ба́тюшка (ru) m (bátjuška) (Orthodox, also polite form of address), ксёндз (ru) m (ksjondz) (Polish Catholic priest (sometimes used in Catholic churches in Belarus and Ukraine)), священнослужи́тель (ru) m (svjaščennoslužítelʹ) (cleric, clergyman)
Sardinian: prede, predi, peideru, peidru
Scottish Gaelic: sagart m
Serbo-Croatian:
Cyrillic: свѐштенӣк m, свѐћенӣк m, по̏п m, духо̀внӣк m, о̀тац m, жре̑ц m (pagan)

Roman: svèštenīk (sh) m, svèćenīk m, pȍp (sh) m, duhòvnīk (sh) m, òtac (sh) m, žrȇc (sh) m (pagan)
Sicilian: prèviti (scn) m
Skolt Sami: papp
Slovak: kňaz (sk) m, otec (sk) m, duchovný m, páter m, páterko m
Slovene: duhovnik (sl) m
Sorbian:
Lower Sorbian: mjeršnik m, pop m
Sotho: moprista
Spanish: sacerdote (es) m, cura (es) m, padre (es) m, párroco (es) m
Swahili: kasisi (sw), kuhani (sw) class 5/6 (Jewish)
Swedish: präst (sv) c, prost (sv) c, pastor (sv) c
Tagalog: pari (tl)
Tajik: кашиш (kašiš), рӯҳонӣ (tg) (rühoni), поп (pop), коҳин (kohin)
Taos: please add this translation if you can
Telugu: ^{(please verify)} పూజారి (te) (pūjāri), ^{(please verify)} అర్చకుడు (te) (arcakuḍu)
Thai: หลวงพ่อ (th) (lǔuang-pɔ̂ɔ), พระ (th) (prá), พระ สงฆ์ (prá sǒng), นักบวช (th) (nák-bùuat), มุนิ (th) (mú-ní)
Tibetan: བླ་མ (bla ma)
Tigrinya: ቀሺ m (ḳäši)
Tlingit: wáadishgaa
Turkish: papaz (tr), din adamı (tr), rahip (tr), keşiş (tr)
Turkmen: buýsanç (tk)
Ugaritic: 𐎋𐎅𐎐 (khn)
Ukrainian: свяще́ник m (svjaščényk), ксьондз m (ksʹondz) (Catholic), оте́ць (uk) m (otécʹ), піп m (pip), ієре́й (uk) m (ijeréj), жрець m (žrecʹ), священнослужи́тель m (svjaščennoslužýtelʹ)
Urdu: پادْری m (pādrī), کاہِن m
Uyghur: پوپ (pop), كاھىن (kahin)
Uzbek: pop (uz), kohin (uz), ruhoniy (uz), kashish (uz)
Venetan: prète m, prèvede m, pre m
Vietnamese: mục sư (vi) (牧師), linh mục (vi) (靈牧)
Volapük: kultan (vo), hikultan (male), jikultan (female), pädan (vo) (Catholic), hipädan (male), jipädan (female, hypothetical), pastan (vo) (Evangelical, Protestant), hipastan (male), jipastan (female)
Welsh: offeiriad m
Yiddish: גלח m (galekh) (Christian, especially Catholic), פּאָפּ m (pop) (Orthodox Christian), כּהן m (koyen) (Jewish), פּריסטער m (prister) (other religions)
Yup'ik: agayulirta
Zazaki: pîr

tool for killing fish

Finnish: kalanuija
Italian: mazza (it) f
Norwegian:
Bokmål: prest (no) m

Nynorsk: prest m
Turkish: please add this translation if you can
Welsh: pastwn m, pren lladd m

Verb

priest (third-person singular simple present priests, present participle priesting, simple past and past participle priested)

(transitive) To ordain as a priest.
- 1610, Alexander Cooke, Pope Joane, in William Oldys, editor, The Harleian Miscellany: or, A Collection of Scarce, Curious, and Entertaining Pamphlets and Tracts, as well in Manuscript as in Print, Found in the Late Earl of Oxford's Library: Interspersed with Historical, Political, and Critical Notes: With a Table of the Contents, and an Alphabetical Index, volume IV, London: Printed for T[homas] Osborne, in Gray's-Inn, 1744, OCLC 5325177; republished as John Maltham, editor, The Harleian Miscellany; or, A Collection of Scarce, Curious, and Entertaining Pamphlets and Tracts, as well in Manuscript as in Print, Found in the Late Earl of Oxford's Library, Interspersed with Historical, Political, and Critical Notes, volume IV, London: Printed for R. Dutton, 1808–1811, OCLC 30776079, page 95:
  If there bee any lasie fellow, any that cannot away with worke, any that would wallow in pleasures, hee is hastie to be priested. And when hee is made one, and has gotten a benefice, he consorts with his neighbour priests, who are altogether given to pleasures; and then both hee, and they, live, not like Christians, but like epicures; drinking, eating, feasting, and revelling, till the cow come home, as the saying is.

References

“Lesson 7: Duties of the Priest”, in Duties and Blessings of the Priesthood, Part A‎^[1], The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, 2000, page 48
Smart, Alastair Fish Welfare at Harvest: Killing Me Softly
Comparison of Common Slaughter Methods for Farmed Finfish Seafood innovations.

Anagrams

Pitres, Presti, Sprite, esprit, pierst, re-tips, respit, retips, ripest, sitrep, sprite, stripe, tripes

German

Verb

priest

second-person singular/plural preterite of preisen

Middle English

Noun

priest

Alternative form of prest (“priest”)