1914 in paleontology

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Paleontology or palaeontology is the study of prehistoric life forms on Earth through the examination of plant and animal fossils.^[1] This includes the study of body fossils, tracks (ichnites), burrows, cast-off parts, fossilised feces (coprolites), palynomorphs and chemical residues. Because humans have encountered fossils for millennia, paleontology has a long history both before and after becoming formalized as a science. This article records significant discoveries and events related to paleontology that occurred or were published in the year 1914.

Arthropods

Newly named insects

Name	Novelty	Status	Authors	Age	Unit	Location	Notes	Images
Raphidia pulveris^[2]	Sp nov	jr synonym	Cockerell	Eocene Priabonian	Florissant Formation	USA Colorado	A raphidiid snakefly Synonymized with Megaraphidia exhumata in 2014^[3]	Megaraphidia exhumata

Dinosaurs

Eugene Stebinger became the first to identify the Two Medicine Formation and to formally describe its first fossil finds, which were excavated the previous year.^[4]

Newly named dinosaurs

Data courtesy of George Olshevsky's dinosaur genera list.^[5]

Name	Status	Authors	Location	Notes	Images
Anchiceratops^[6]	Valid taxon	Barnum Brown	Canada ( Alberta)	Almost horned face.	Anchiceratops
Brachyceratops^[7]	Valid taxon	Charles W. Gilmore	USA ( Montana)	The Short Horned Face	Brachyceratops
Chasmosaurus^[8]	Valid taxon	Lawrence Lambe	Canada ( Alberta)	The Opening Horned Dinosaur	Chasmosaurus
Corythosaurus^[9]	Valid taxon	Barnum Brown	Canada ( Alberta) ( USA Montana Wyoming Colorado New Mexico Utah)	The Helmet Dinosaur, with a Cassowary-like crest on its head.	Corythosaurus
Dicraeosaurus^[10]	Valid taxon	Werner Janensch	Tanzania	A Long-Spined sauropod.	Dicraeosaurus
Gorgosaurus^[11]	Valid	Lawrence Lambe	Canada ( Alberta) USA ( Montana	Possible junior synonym of Albertosaurus.	Gorgosaurus
Gryposaurus^[8]	Valid taxon	Lawrence Lambe	Canada ( Alberta) USA ( Montana and Utah)		Gryposaurus
Leptoceratops^[12]	Valid taxon	Barnum Brown	Canada ( Alberta) USA Wyoming)		Leptoceratops
Protorosaurus^[8]	Preoccupied	Lawrence Lambe		Preoccupied by a non-dinosaurian archosauromorph von Meyer, 1830. Renamed Chasmosaurus.
Stephanosaurus^[11]	Nomen dubium	Lawrence Lambe		Possible junior synonym of Lambeosaurus.

Plesiosaurs

New taxa

Name	Novelty	Status	Authors	Age	Unit	Location	Notes	Images
Brancasaurus	Gen et sp nov	Valid	Wegner	Berriasian	Isterberg Formation	Germany	A possibly freshwater dwelling plesiosaur	Brancasaurus

Pterosaurs

New taxa

Name	Novelty	Status	Authors	Age	Unit	Location	Notes	Images
Lonchodectes	Fam et Gen nov	Valid	Hooley	Late Cretaceous		UK	An ornithocheiromorph	Lonchodectes compressirostris

Synapsids

Non-mammalian

Name	Status	Authors	Age	Location	Notes	Images
Arctops	Valid	Watson	255 million years ago	South Africa	A Gorgonopsian.	Arctops
Mormosaurus	Valid	Watson	270 million years ago	South Africa	A Dinocephalian.	Mormosaurus
Moschognathus	Valid		263 million years ago	South Africa
Pnigalion	Valid

Footnotes

^ Gini-Newman, Garfield; Graham, Elizabeth (2001). Echoes from the past: world history to the 16th century. Toronto: McGraw-Hill Ryerson Ltd. ISBN 9780070887398. OCLC 46769716.
^ Cockerell, T. (1914). "New and little known insects from the Miocene of Florissant, Colorado". Journal of Geology. 22: 714–724.
^ Makarkin, V.; Archibald, S. (2014). "A revision of the late Eocene snakeflies (Raphidioptera) of the Florissant Formation, Colorado, with special reference to the wing venation of the Raphidiomorpha". Zootaxa. 3784 (4): 401–444. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.3784.4.4. PMID 24872063.
^ "Previous Work," Trexler (2001); page 300.
^ Olshevsky, George. "Dinogeorge's Dinosaur Genera List". Archived from the original on 2011-07-15. Retrieved 2008-08-07.
^ Brown, B. 1914. Anchiceratops, a new genus of horned dinosaurs from the Edmonton Cretaceous of Alberta, with discussion of the origin of the ceratopsian crests and brain casts of Anchiceratops and Trachodon. Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist. 33: pp. 559-565.
^ Gilmore, C.W. 1914. A new ceratopsian dinosaur from the Upper Cretaceous of Montana, with a note on Hypacrosaurus. Smithosian Miscellaneous Collections 43: pp. 1-10.
^ ^a ^b ^c Lambe, L.M. 1914. On Gryposaurus notabilts, a new genus and species of trachodont dinosaur from the Belly River Formation of Alberta, with a description of the skull of Chasmosaurus belli. Ottawa Nat. 27: pp. 145-155.
^ Brown, B. 1914. Corythosaurus casuarius, a new crested dinosaur from the Belly River Cretaceous, with provisional classification of the family Trachodontidae. Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist. 33: pp. 559-565.
^ Janensch, W. 1914. Ubersicht uber die Wirbeltierfauna der Tendaguru-Schichten nebst einer kurzen Charakterisierung der neu aufgefuhrten Arten von Sauropoden. Arch. Biontol. 3: pp. 81-110.
^ ^a ^b Lambe, L.M. 1914. On a new genus and species of carnivorous dinosaur from the Belly River Formation of Alberta with a description of the skull of Stephanosaurus marginatus from the same horizon. Ottawa Nat. 28: pp. 13-20.
^ Brown, B. 1914. Leptoceratops, a new genus of Ceratopsia from the Edmonton Cretaceous of Alberta. Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist. 33: pp. 567- 580.

References

Trexler, D., 2001, Two Medicine Formation, Montana: geology and fauna: In: Mesozoic Vertebrate Life, edited by Tanke, D. H., and Carpenter, K., Indiana University Press, pp. 298–309.

[1] Gini-Newman, Garfield; Graham, Elizabeth (2001). Echoes from the past: world history to the 16th century. Toronto: McGraw-Hill Ryerson Ltd. ISBN 9780070887398. OCLC 46769716.

[Cockerell1914-2] Cockerell, T. (1914). "New and little known insects from the Miocene of Florissant, Colorado". Journal of Geology. 22: 714–724.

[Raphidioptera2014-3] Makarkin, V.; Archibald, S. (2014). "A revision of the late Eocene snakeflies (Raphidioptera) of the Florissant Formation, Colorado, with special reference to the wing venation of the Raphidiomorpha". Zootaxa. 3784 (4): 401–444. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.3784.4.4. PMID 24872063.

[twoturn-previous-300-4] "Previous Work," Trexler (2001); page 300.

[ddinogeorge-5] Olshevsky, George. "Dinogeorge's Dinosaur Genera List". Archived from the original on 2011-07-15. Retrieved 2008-08-07.

[6] Brown, B. 1914. Anchiceratops, a new genus of horned dinosaurs from the Edmonton Cretaceous of Alberta, with discussion of the origin of the ceratopsian crests and brain casts of Anchiceratops and Trachodon. Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist. 33: pp. 559-565.

[7] Gilmore, C.W. 1914. A new ceratopsian dinosaur from the Upper Cretaceous of Montana, with a note on Hypacrosaurus. Smithosian Miscellaneous Collections 43: pp. 1-10.

[lambe14gryposaurus-8] Lambe, L.M. 1914. On Gryposaurus notabilts, a new genus and species of trachodont dinosaur from the Belly River Formation of Alberta, with a description of the skull of Chasmosaurus belli. Ottawa Nat. 27: pp. 145-155.

[9] Brown, B. 1914. Corythosaurus casuarius, a new crested dinosaur from the Belly River Cretaceous, with provisional classification of the family Trachodontidae. Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist. 33: pp. 559-565.

[10] Janensch, W. 1914. Ubersicht uber die Wirbeltierfauna der Tendaguru-Schichten nebst einer kurzen Charakterisierung der neu aufgefuhrten Arten von Sauropoden. Arch. Biontol. 3: pp. 81-110.

[lambe14bellyriver-11] Lambe, L.M. 1914. On a new genus and species of carnivorous dinosaur from the Belly River Formation of Alberta with a description of the skull of Stephanosaurus marginatus from the same horizon. Ottawa Nat. 28: pp. 13-20.

[12] Brown, B. 1914. Leptoceratops, a new genus of Ceratopsia from the Edmonton Cretaceous of Alberta. Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist. 33: pp. 567- 580.

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