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This is a list of European (as well as Australian and Japanese) colonial administrators responsible for the territory of Portuguese Timor, an area equivalent to modern-day East Timor.
Governor of Portuguese Timor | |
---|---|
Portuguese: Governador do Timor Português | |
![]() Coat of arms of Portuguese Timor (1935–1975) | |
Residence | Palácio de Lahane |
Nominator | Prime Minister of Portugal |
Appointer | Monarch of Portugal (1647–1910) President of Portugal (1910–1975) |
Precursor | None |
Formation | 1647 |
First holder | António de São Jacinto |
Final holder | Mário Lemos Pires |
Abolished | 1975 |
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/East_Timor-CIA_WFB_Map.png/220px-East_Timor-CIA_WFB_Map.png)
List
edit(Dates in italics indicate de facto continuation of office)
Portuguese Timor (Timor Português) | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
No. | Portrait | Incumbent | Tenure | Notes | Head(s) of state (Reign / Term) | |
From | Until | |||||
Portuguese suzerainty | ||||||
Subordinated to Portuguese India | ||||||
1 | António de São Jacinto Captain |
1647 | 1649 | In Cupão | John IV João IV House of Braganza (1647 – 6 November 1656) | |
2 | Francisco Carneiro Captain |
1649 | 1652 | In Cupão | ||
3 | ... Captain |
1652 | 1662 | |||
Alphonso VI Afonso VI House of Braganza (6 November 1656 – 12 September 1683) | ||||||
4 | Simão Luís Captain |
1662 | 1664 | |||
5 | Simão Luís Captain-Major |
1665 | 1666 | |||
6 | António Hornay Captain-Major Ad Interim |
1666 | 1669 | 1st time | ||
7 | Fernão Martins da Ponte Captain-Major Ad Interim |
1669 | 1670 | |||
8 | Mateus da Costa Captain-Major Ad Interim |
1671 | 1673 | |||
9 | António Hornay Captain-Major Ad Interim |
1673 | 1680 | 2nd time | ||
10 | João Antunes Portugal Captain-Major |
1680 | 1680 | Sent by the Kingdom of Portugal but refused by settlers | ||
11 | António Hornay Captain-Major Ad Interim |
1680 | 1693 | 3rd time | ||
Peter II Pedro II House of Braganza (6 November 1683 – 9 December 1706) | ||||||
12 | Francisco Hornay Captain-Major Ad Interim |
1694 | 1696 | |||
13 | António de Mesquita Pimentel Captain-Major |
1696 | 1697 | |||
14 | André Coelho Vieira Captain-Major |
1697 | 1697 | |||
15 | Domingos da Costa Captain-Major Ad Interim |
1697 | 1702 | |||
16 | António Coelho Guerreiro Governor |
20 February 1702 | 1705 | |||
17 | Lourenço Lopes Governor |
1705 | 1706 | |||
18 | Manuel Ferreira de Almeida Governor |
1706 | 1708 | 1st time | John V João V House of Braganza (9 December 1706 – 31 July 1750) | |
19 | Jácome de Morais Sarmento Governor |
1708 | 1709 | |||
20 | Manuel de Souto-Maior Governor |
1709 | 1714 | |||
21 | Manuel Ferreira de Almeida Governor |
1714 | 1714 | 2nd time | ||
22 | Domingos da Costa Governor |
1714 | 1718 | |||
23 | Francisco de Melo e Castro Governor |
1718 | 1719 | |||
24 | Manuel de Santo António Governor |
1719 | 1722 | |||
25 | António de Albuquerque Coelho Governor |
1722 | 1725 | |||
26 | António Moniz de Macedo Governor |
1725 | 1729 | 1st time | ||
27 | Pedro de Melo Governor |
1729 | 1731 | |||
28 | Pedro do Rego Barreto da Gama e Castro Governor |
1731 | 1734 | |||
29 | António Moniz de Macedo Governor |
1734 | 1739 | 2nd time | ||
30 | ... Governor Ad Interim |
1739 | 1741 | |||
31 | Manuel Leonís de Castro Governor |
1741 | 1745 | |||
32 | Francisco Xavier Moraes Doutel Governor |
1745 | 1748 | |||
33 | Manuel Correia de Lacerda Governor |
1748 | 1751 | |||
Joseph I José I House of Braganza (31 July 1750 – 24 February 1777) | ||||||
34 | Manuel Doutel de Figueiredo Sarmento Governor |
1751 | 1759 | |||
35 | Sebastião de Azevedo e Brito Governor |
1759 | 1760 | |||
36 | ... Governor Ad Interim |
1760 | 1763 | |||
37 | Dionísio Gonçalves Rebelo Galvão Governor |
1763 | 1765 | |||
38 | ... Governor Ad Interim |
1765 | 1768 | |||
39 | António José Teles de Meneses Governor |
1768 | 1776 | |||
40 | Caetano de Lemos Telo de Meneses Governor |
1776 | 1779 | |||
Mary I Maria I House of Braganza (24 February 1777 – 20 March 1816) & Peter III Pedro III House of Braganza (24 February 1777 – 25 May 1786) | ||||||
41 | Lourenço de Brito Correia Governor |
1779 | 1782 | |||
42 | João Anselmo de Almeida Soares Governor |
1782 | 1785 | |||
43 | João Baptista Vieira Godinho Governor |
1785 | 1788 | |||
44 | Feliciano António Nogueira Lisboa Governor |
1788 | 1790 | |||
45 | Joaquim Xavier de Morias Sarmento Governor |
1790 | 1794 | |||
46 | João Baptista Verquaim Governor |
1794 | 1800 | |||
47 | José Joaquim de Sousa Governor |
1800 | 1804 | |||
48 | João Vicente Soares da Veiga Governor |
1804 | 1807 | |||
49 | António de Mendonça Côrte-Real Governor |
1807 | 1810 | |||
50 | António Botelho Homem Bernardes Pessõa Governor |
1810 | 1810 | |||
51 | Joaquim António Duarte da Silva Veloso Governor |
1810 | 1812 | |||
52 | Vitorino Freire da Cunha Gusmão Governor |
1812 | 1815 | |||
53 | José Pinto Alcoforado de Azevedo e Sousa Governor |
1815 | 1819 | |||
John VI João VI House of Braganza (20 March 1816 – 10 March 1826) | ||||||
54 | Gregório Rodrigues Pereira Governor |
1819 | 1821 | |||
55 | Manuel Joaquim de Matos e Góis Governor |
1821 | 1832 | |||
Peter IV Pedro IV House of Braganza (10 March 1826 – 2 May 1826) | ||||||
Mary II Maria II House of Braganza (2 May 1826 – 23 June 1828) | ||||||
Michael I Miguel I House of Braganza (26 February 1828 – 6 May 1834) | ||||||
56 | Miguel da Silveira Lorena Governor |
1832 | 1832 | |||
57 | Miguel Carlos da Cunha da Silveira e Lorena Governor |
1832 | 1834 | |||
58 | José Maria Marques Governor |
1834 | 1839 | Mary II Maria II House of Braganza (26 May 1834 – 15 November 1853) & Ferdinand II Fernando II House of Saxe-Coburg-Gotha-Koháry (16 September 1837 – 15 November 1853) | ||
59 | Frederico Leão Cabreira de Brito Alvelos Drago Valente Governor |
1839 | 1844 | |||
Subordinated to Portuguese Macau | ||||||
60 | Julião José da Silva Vieiras Governor |
1844 | 1848 | |||
61 | António Olavo Monteiro Torres Governor |
1848 | 30 October 1850 | |||
Separate colony | ||||||
62 | António Olavo Monteiro Torres Governor |
30 October 1850 | 1851 | |||
63 | José Joaquim Lopes de Lima Governor |
23 June 1851 | 15 September 1851 | |||
Subordinated to Portuguese Macau | ||||||
64 | José Joaquim Lopes de Lima Governor |
15 September 1851 | 8 September 1852 | Died in office | ||
65 | Manuel de Saldanha da Gama Governor |
1852 | 1856 | |||
Peter V Pedro V House of Braganza (15 November 1853 – 11 November 1861) | ||||||
Subordinated to Portuguese India | ||||||
66 | Luís Augusto de Almeida Macedo Governor |
1856 | 1859 | |||
67 | Afonso de Castro Governor |
1859 | 1863 | |||
Louis I Luís I House of Braganza (11 November 1861 – 19 October 1889) | ||||||
Separate overseas province | ||||||
68 | José Manuel Pereira de Almeida Governor |
1863 | 1864 | |||
69 | José Eduardo da Costa Meneses Governor |
1864 | 1866 | |||
Subordinated to Portuguese Macau | ||||||
70 | Francisco Teixeira da Silva Governor |
1866 | 1869 | |||
António Joaquim Garcia Governor |
||||||
71 | Pedro Carlos de Aguiar Craveiro Lopes Governor |
1870 | 1870 | Did not take office | ||
72 | João Clímaco de Carvalho Governor |
1870 | 1871 | |||
Manuel de Castro Sampaio Governor |
||||||
73 | Hugo Goodair de Lacerda Castelo Branco Governor |
1873 | 1876 | 1st time | ||
74 | Joaquim António da Silva Ferrão Governor |
1876 | 1878 | |||
José Alves da Costa Governor |
||||||
75 | Hugo Goodair de Lacerda Castelo Branco Governor |
1878 | 1880 | 2nd time | ||
76 | Augusto César Cardoso de Carvalho Governor |
1880 | 1881 | |||
José dos Santos Vaquinhas Governor |
||||||
77 | Bento da França Pinto de Oliveira Governor |
1882 | 1883 | |||
Porfírio Zeferino de Sousa
Governor |
1st time | |||||
Francisco de Paula da Lua Governor |
||||||
78 | João Maria Pereira Governor |
1883 | 1885 | |||
Cipriano Forjaz Governor |
1st time | |||||
79 | Alfredo de Lacerda Maia Governor |
1885 | 3 March 1887 | |||
80 | António Joaquim Garcia Governor |
1887 | 1887 | |||
81 | António Francisco da Costa Governor |
1887 | 1888 | |||
82 | Rafael Jácome Lopes de Andrade Governor |
1888 | 1889 | |||
83 | Porfírio Zeferino de Sousa Governor |
1889 | 1890 | 2nd time | Charles I Carlos House of Braganza (19 October 1889 – 1 February 1908) | |
84 | Cipriano Forjaz Governor |
1890 | 1894 | 2nd time | ||
85 | Porfírio Zeferino de Sousa Governor |
1894 | 1894 | 3rd time | ||
86 | José Celestino da Silva Governor |
1894 | 15 October 1896 | |||
Separate colony | ||||||
87 | José Celestino da Silva Governor |
15 October 1896 | 1908 | |||
88 | Jaime Augusto Vieira da Rocha Governor Ad Interim |
1908 | 1908 | |||
Emmanuel II Manuel II House of Braganza (1 February 1908 – 5 October 1910) | ||||||
89 | Eduardo Augusto Marquês Governor |
1908 | 1909 | |||
90 | Gonçalo Pereira Pimenta de Castro Governor |
1909 | 1910 | 1st time | ||
91 | Alfredo Cardoso de Soveral Martins Governor |
1910 | 30 October 1910 | |||
Teófilo Braga Provisional President of the First Portuguese Republic (5 October 1910 – 24 August 1911) | ||||||
92 | Anselmo Augusto Coelho de Carvalho Governor Ad Interim |
1910 | 1910 | |||
93 | José Carrazeda Caldas Viana e Andrade Governor Ad Interim |
1910 | 1910 | |||
94 | Filomeno da Câmara Melo Cabral Governor |
1911 | 1913 | 1st time; served during the East Timorese rebellion of 1911–12 | ||
Manuel de Arriaga President of the First Portuguese Republic (24 August 1911 – 26 May 1915) | ||||||
95 | Gonçalo Pereira Pimenta de Castro Governor Ad Interim |
1913 | 1914 | 2nd time | ||
96 | Filomeno da Cámara Melo Cabral Governor |
1914 | 1917 | 2nd time | ||
Teófilo Braga President of the First Portuguese Republic (29 May 1915 – 5 October 1915) | ||||||
Bernardino Machado President of the First Portuguese Republic (5 October 1915 – 5 December 1917) | ||||||
97 | César de Abreu Governor Ad Interim |
1917 | 1917 | |||
José Machado Duarte Júnior Governor Ad Interim | ||||||
98 | Luís Augusto de Oliveira Franco Governor Ad Interim |
1917 | 1919 | 1st time | ||
Sidónio Pais President of the First Portuguese Republic (28 April 1918 – 14 December 1918) | ||||||
João do Canto e Castro President of the First Portuguese Republic (16 December 1918 – 5 October 1919) | ||||||
99 | Manuel Paulo de Sousa Gentil Governor |
1919 | 1920 | |||
António José de Almeida President of the First Portuguese Republic (5 October 1919 – 5 October 1923) | ||||||
100 | Luís Augusto de Oliveira Franco Governor Ad Interim |
1920 | 1921 | 2nd time | ||
101 | José de Paiva Gomes Governor |
1921 | 1921 | 1st time | ||
102 | Humberto dos Santos Leitão Governor Ad Interim |
1921 | 1921 | 1st time | ||
103 | José de Paiva Gomes Governor |
1921 | 1923 | 2nd time | ||
Manuel Teixeira Gomes President of the First Portuguese Republic (5 October 1923 – 11 December 1925) | ||||||
104 | Humberto dos Santos Leitão Governor Ad Interim |
1923 | 1924 | 2nd time | ||
105 | Raimundo Enes Meira Governor |
1924 | 1926 | |||
Bernardino Machado President of the First Portuguese Republic (11 December 1925 – 31 May 1926) | ||||||
106 | Teófilo Duarte Governor |
1926 | 1929 | |||
José Mendes Cabeçadas President of the Second Portuguese Republic (31 May 1926 – 17 June 1926) | ||||||
Manuel Gomes da Costa President of the Second Portuguese Republic (29 June 1926 – 9 July 1926) | ||||||
Óscar Carmona President of the Second Portuguese Republic (29 November 1926 – 18 April 1951) | ||||||
107 | Cesário Augusto de Almeida Viana Governor |
1929 | 1930 | |||
108 | Abel Teixeira da Costa Tavares Governor Ad Interim |
1930 | 1930 | |||
109 | Antonio Baptista Justo Governor |
1930 | 1933 | |||
110 | José Luís Fontoura de Sequeira Governor Ad Interim |
1933 | 1933 | |||
111 | Raúl de Antas Manso Preto Mendes Cruz Governor |
1933 | 1936 | |||
112 | Eduardo Bernardo Lápido Loureiro Governor Ad Interim |
1936 | 1936 | |||
113 | Álvaro Eugénio Neves da Fontoura Governor |
1937 | 1940 | |||
114 | António Jacinto Magro Governor Ad Interim |
1940 | 1940 | |||
115 | Manuel de Abreu Ferreira de Carvalho Governor |
1940 | 8 December 1945 | Considered himself a prisoner during allied rule from December 1941 until February 1942; confined by Japanese from February 1942 until August 1945 | ||
Allied occupation of Portuguese Timor | ||||||
116 | William Leggatt Commander of Australian forces |
17 December 1941 | 20 February 1942 | George VI House of Windsor (11 December 1936 – 6 February 1952) | ||
Nico Leonard Willem van Straten Commander of Dutch forces |
17 December 1941 | 20 February 1942 | Wilhelmina House of Orange-Nassau (23 November 1890 – 4 September 1948) | |||
Japanese occupation of Portuguese Timor | ||||||
117 | Takeo Itō Commander |
20 February 1942 | 20 February 1942 | Commanding officer of Japanese landing forces | Emperor Shōwa 昭和天皇 (1926 – 1989) | |
118 | Sadashichi Doi Commander |
20 February 1942 | August 1942 | |||
119 | Yuitsu Tsuchihashi Commander |
August 1942 | 22 November 1944 | |||
120 | Kunitaro Yamada Commander |
22 November 1944 | 11 September 1945 | |||
Portuguese Timor | ||||||
121 | Manuel de Abreu Ferreira de Carvalho Governor |
1940 | 8 December 1945 | Considered himself a prisoner during allied rule from December 1941 until February 1942; confined by Japanese from February 1942 until August 1945 | Óscar Carmona President of the Second Portuguese Republic (29 November 1926 – 18 April 1951) | |
122 | Óscar Freire de Vasconcelos Ruas Governor |
1946 | 1950 | |||
123 | César Maria de Serpa Rosa Governor |
1950 | 11 June 1950 | |||
Overseas province | ||||||
César Maria de Serpa Rosa Governor |
11 June 1950 | 1958 | ||||
124 | António de Oliveira Salazar Acting President of the Second Portuguese Republic (18 April 1951 – 21 July 1951) | |||||
Francisco Craveiro Lopes President of the Second Portuguese Republic (21 July 1951 – 9 August 1958) | ||||||
125 | Filipe José Freire Temudo Barata Governor |
1959 | 1963 | Américo Tomás President of the Second Portuguese Republic (9 August 1958 – 25 April 1974) | ||
126 | José Alberty Correia Governor |
1963 | 1968 | |||
127 | José Nogueira Valente Pires Governor |
1968 | 1972 | |||
Fernando Alves Adeía Governor |
1972 | 1974 | ||||
128 | ||||||
National Salvation Junta (25 April 1974 – 15 May 1974) | ||||||
António de Spínola President of the Third Portuguese Republic (15 May 1974 – 30 September 1974) | ||||||
Francisco da Costa Gomes President of the Third Portuguese Republic (30 September 1974 – 13 July 1976) | ||||||
129 | Mário Lemos Pires Governor |
18 November 1974 | 27 November 1975 | From 11 August 1975, on Atauro Island | ||
Unilateral Declaration of Independence as Democratic Republic of East Timor | ||||||
Invaded and occupied by Indonesia (from 17 July 1976, annexed as East Timor province). Not recognized by Portugal; remained recognized by United Nations as Portuguese territory. | ||||||
130 | Arnaldo dos Reis Araújo [id] Governor |
3 August 1976 | 19 September 1978 | Suharto President of Indonesia (27 March 1968 – 21 May 1998) B. J. Habibie President of Indonesia (21 May 1998 – 20 October 1999) | ||
131 | Guilherme Maria Gonçalves [id] Governor |
19 September 1978 | 18 September 1982 | |||
132 | Mário Viegas Carrascalão Governor |
18 September 1982 | 18 September 1992 | |||
133 | José Abílio Osório Soares Governor |
18 September 1992 | 19 October 1999 | |||
Referendum votes for independence 78% | ||||||
International Administration (from 28 February 2000, under UN Administration; United Nations Transitional Administration in East Timor [UNTAET]). | ||||||
134 | Sérgio Vieira de Mello Transitional Administrator |
25 October 1999 | 19 May 2002 | Kofi Annan Secretary-General of the United Nations (1 January 1997 – 31 December 2006) | ||
Independence as Democratic Republic of East Timor |
For continuation after independence, see: President of East Timor
See also
editFurther reading
edit- Huber, Juliette (2021). "Chapter 2: At the Periphery of Nanyang: The Hakka Community of Timor-Leste / 2.3 The Portuguese in Asia: Timor and Macao". In Hoogervorst, Tom; Chia, Caroline (eds.). Sinophone Southeast Asia: Sinitic voices across the Southern Seas. Leiden, Boston: Brill. pp. 52–90. doi:10.1163/9789004473263_004. ISBN 9789004473263.