skip to main content
10.1145/957013.957119acmconferencesArticle/Chapter ViewAbstractPublication PagesmmConference Proceedingsconference-collections
Article

Design of a multi-sender 3D videoconferencing application over an end system multicast protocol

Published: 02 November 2003 Publication History

Abstract

Videoconferencing in the context of 3D virtual environments promises better spatial consistency and mutual awareness for its participants. However, in the absence of IP Multicast and limited upload bandwidth of today's DSL connections, the feasibility of such systems in supporting even a small group of users is in question. This paper presents the design and implementation of an awareness driven 3D videoconferencing application that runs on a peer-to-peer architecture and our own End System Multicast protocol. The paper highlights the unique requirements of multiparty videoconferencing applications and presents a solution that can support 4-10 bandwidth-limited users without the need for IP Multicast capability.

References

[1]
S. Banerjee, B. Bhattacharjee, C. Kommareddy, "Scalable Application Layer Multicast", Proceedings of 2002 ACM conference on applications, technologies, architectures, and protocols for computer communications (SIGCOMM'02), pp. 205--217.
[2]
F. Bauer, A. Varma, "Degree-Constrained Multicasting in Point-to-Point Networks", Proceedings of 1995 IEEE Conference on Computer Communications (INFOCOM'95), pp. 369--376, volume 1.
[3]
W. Buxton, A. Sellen, M. Sheasby "Interfaces for Multiparty Videoconferences" Video-Mediated Communication (edited by K. Finn, A. Sellen and S. Wilbur), Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, pages 385--400, 1997.
[4]
Y. Chawathe, "Scattercast: An Architecture for Internet Broadcast Distribution as an Infrastructure Service". Ph.D. Thesis, University of California, Berkeley, December 2000.
[5]
Y. Chawathe, S. McCanne, E.A. Brewer, "RMX: Reliable Multicast for Heterogeneous Networks", Proceedings of 2000 IEEE Conference on Computer Communications (INFOCOM'00), pp 795--804, volume 2.
[6]
M. Chen, "Design of a Virtual Auditorium", Proceedings of 2001 ACM conference on Multimedia (MM'01), pp. 19--28.
[7]
M. Chen, "Achieving Effective Floor Control with a Low-Bandwidth Gesture-Sensitive Videoconferencing System", Proceedings of 2002 ACM conference on Multimedia (MM'02), pp. 476--483.
[8]
S. Chen, O. Gunluk, B. Yener, "The Multicast Packing Problem", IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking, 8(3), pp. 311--318, 2000.
[9]
Y. Chu, S.G. Rao, H. Zhang, "A Case for End System Multicast", Proceedings of 2000 ACM conference on measurement and modeling of computer systems (SIGMETRICS'00), pp. 1--12.
[10]
Y. Chu, S.G. Rao, S Seshan, H. Zhang, "A Case for End System Multicast", IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communication, special issue on networking support for multicast, 2002, to appear.
[11]
CUWorld Videoconferencing Software, http://www.cuworld.com/
[12]
S. Deering, D. Cheriton, "Multicast Routing in Datagram Internetworks and Extended LANS." ACM Transactions on Computer Systems 8(2), pp. 85--111, May 1990.
[13]
T. Dorcey, "CU-SeeMe Desktop Video Conferencing Software", Connexions 9, 3 (March 1995).
[14]
C. Greenhalgh, S. Benford "Massive: a collaborative virtual environment for teleconferencing", ACM transactions on Computer Human Interactions 2(3), pp. 239-261, September 1995.
[15]
C. Greenhalgh, S. Benford, G. Reynard, "A QoS Architecture for Collaborative Virtual Environments", Proceedings of 1999 ACM conference on Multimedia (MM'99), pp 121--130.
[16]
M. Grotschel, A. Martin, R. Weismantel, "The Steiner Tree Packing Problem in VLSI-Design" Mathematical Programming, 78:265--281, 1997.
[17]
J. Han, B., Smith, "CU-SeeMe VR Immersive Desktop Teleconferencing", Proceeding of 1996 ACM conference on Multimedia (MM'96), pp. 199--207.
[18]
M. Hosseini, S. Pettifer, N.D. Georganas "Visibility-based Interest Management in Collaborative Virtual Environments", Proceedings of 2002 ACM conference on Collaborative Virtual Environments (CVE'02), pp. 143--144.
[19]
G. Kortsarz, D. Peleg, "Generating low-degree 2-spanners", SIAM Journal on Computing, Volume 27, Number 5.
[20]
M. Kwon, S. Fahmy, "Topology-Aware Overlay Networks for Group Communication", Proceedings of 2002 ACM international workshop on Network and Operating Systems Support for Digital Audio and Video (NOSSDAV'02), pp. 127--136.
[21]
Occlusion Query feature in NVIDIA graphics cards http://www.nvidia.com/dev_content/nvopenglspecs/GL_NV_occlusion_query.txt
[22]
D. Pendarakis, S. Shi, D. Verma, M. Waldvogel, "ALMI: An Application Level Multicast Infrastructure", Proceedings of 3rd Usenix Symposium on Internet Technologies and Systems, March 2001.
[23]
R. Ravi, M. V. Marathe, S.S. Ravi, D. J. Rosenkrantz, H. B. Hunt, "Approximation Algorithms for Degree-Constrained Minimum-Cost Network-Design Problems", Algorithmica 31:1, pp. 58--78, 2001.
[24]
G. Reynard, S. Benford, C. Greenhalgh, "Awareness Driven Video Quality of Service in Collaborative Virtual Environments", Proceedings of 1998 ACM conference on Human Factors in Computer Systems (CHI'98), pp. 464--471.
[25]
A. Sellen "Remote Conversations: The Effects of Mediating Talk with technology" Human Computer Interaction, pp. 401--444, 1995.
[26]
S. Y. Shi, J. S. Turner, "Routing in Overlay Multicast Networks", Proceedings of 2002 IEEE Conference on Computer Communications (INFOCOM'02), pp. 1200--1208, volume 3.
[27]
S. Singhal, Zyda, M. Networked Virtual Environments: Design and Implementation, ACM Press, pp. 181--246, 1999.
[28]
J. Tang, E. Isaacs, "Why Do Users Like Video? Studies of Multimedia-Supported Collaboration", Computer-Supported Cooperative Work: An International Journal, pp. 163--196, 1993.
[29]
M.J. Taylor, S.M., Rowe, "Gaze Communication Using Semantically Consistent Spaces", Proceedings of 2000 ACM conference on Human Factors in Computer Systems (CHI'00), pp. 400--407.
[30]
TeamSpeak http://www.teamspeak.org/
[31]
D.A. Tran, K.A. Hua, T. Do, "ZIGZAG: An Efficient Peer-to-Peer Scheme for Media Streaming", Proceedings of 2003 IEEE Conference on Computer Communications (INFOCOM'03), to appear.
[32]
University College London Mbone tools. http://www-mice.cs.ucl.ac.uk/multimedia/software
[33]
R. Vertegaal, I. Weevers, C. Sohn, C. Cheung, "GAZE-2: Conveying Eye Contact in Group Video Conferencing using Eye-Controlled Camera Direction", Proceedings of 2003 ACM conference on Human Factors in Computer Systems (CHI'03), pg. 521--528.
[34]
S. Q. Zhuang, B. Y. Zhao, A. D. Joseph, R. Katz, J. Kubiatowics, "Bayeux: An architecture for scalable and fault-tolerant wide-area data dissemination", Proceedings of 2001 ACM international workshop on Network and Operating Systems Support for Digital Audio and Video (NOSSDAV'01), pp. 11--20.

Cited By

View all

Index Terms

  1. Design of a multi-sender 3D videoconferencing application over an end system multicast protocol

    Recommendations

    Comments

    Information & Contributors

    Information

    Published In

    cover image ACM Conferences
    MULTIMEDIA '03: Proceedings of the eleventh ACM international conference on Multimedia
    November 2003
    670 pages
    ISBN:1581137222
    DOI:10.1145/957013
    Permission to make digital or hard copies of all or part of this work for personal or classroom use is granted without fee provided that copies are not made or distributed for profit or commercial advantage and that copies bear this notice and the full citation on the first page. Copyrights for components of this work owned by others than ACM must be honored. Abstracting with credit is permitted. To copy otherwise, or republish, to post on servers or to redistribute to lists, requires prior specific permission and/or a fee. Request permissions from [email protected]

    Sponsors

    Publisher

    Association for Computing Machinery

    New York, NY, United States

    Publication History

    Published: 02 November 2003

    Permissions

    Request permissions for this article.

    Check for updates

    Author Tags

    1. 3D videoconferencing
    2. awareness management
    3. end system multicast
    4. peer-to-peer

    Qualifiers

    • Article

    Conference

    Acceptance Rates

    Overall Acceptance Rate 2,145 of 8,556 submissions, 25%

    Contributors

    Other Metrics

    Bibliometrics & Citations

    Bibliometrics

    Article Metrics

    • Downloads (Last 12 months)3
    • Downloads (Last 6 weeks)1
    Reflects downloads up to 22 Dec 2024

    Other Metrics

    Citations

    Cited By

    View all

    View Options

    Login options

    View options

    PDF

    View or Download as a PDF file.

    PDF

    eReader

    View online with eReader.

    eReader

    Media

    Figures

    Other

    Tables

    Share

    Share

    Share this Publication link

    Share on social media