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An architectural exploration of via patterned gate arrays

Published: 06 April 2003 Publication History

Abstract

In this work we investigate the architecture of a Via Patterned Gate Array (VPGA) [1], focusing primarily on: 1) the optimal lookup table (LUT) size; and 2) a comparison the crossbar and switch block routing architectures. Unlike FPGAs, the routing architectures in a VPGA do not dominate the total area of the circuit. Therefore our results suggest that using smaller LUTs results in a much faster and smaller design. In the routing architecture comparison, our results also show that the switch block architecture is inferior to the crossbar architecture in terms of area utilization. As the number of routing tracks grows, the switch block architecture begins to dominate the total area of the design as in the case of the FPGAs.

References

[1]
L. Pileggi, H. Schmit, J. Shah, Y. Tong, C. Patel, V. Chandra, "Via Patterned Gate Array (VPGA)," Technical Reports Series of the CMU Center for Silicon System Implementation, No. CSSI 02-15, March 2002.
[2]
W. Maly, "IC design in high-cost nanometer-technologies era," IEEE Proc. of DAC, June 2001, pp. 9--14.
[3]
Marquardt, V. Betz and J. Rose, "Using Cluster-Based Logic Blocks and Timing-Driven Packing to Improve FPGA Speed and Density," ACM/SIGDA International Symposium on Field Programmable Gate Arrays, Monterey, CA, February 1999, pp. 37--46.
[4]
V. Betz and J. Rose, "FPGA Routing Architecture: Segmentation and Buffering to Optimize Speed and Density," ACM/SIGDA International Symposium of Field Programmable Gate Arrays, Monterey, CA, February 1999, pp. 59--68.
[5]
J. Cong and Y. Ding, "FlowMap: An Optimal Technology Mapping Algorithm for Delay Optimization in Lookup-Table Based FPGA Designs," IEEE Trans. on CAD, Jan. 1994, pp 1--12.
[6]
V. Betz and J. Rose, "VPR: A New Packing, Placement and Routing Tool for FPGA Research," Int. Workshop on Field Programmable Logic and Applications, 1997, pp. 213--222.
[7]
K. Y. Tong, C. Patel, P. Gopalakrishnan, L. Pileggi, H. Schmit, R. Puri, "Lookup Tables for a Via Patterned Gate Array (VPGA)," Technical Reports Series of the CMU Center for Silicon System Implementation, No. CSSI 03-002, January 2002.
[8]
J. Rose, R. J. Francis, P. Chow, D. Lewis, "The Effect of Logic Block Complexity on Area of Programmable Gate Arrays," IEEE Custom Integrated Circuit Conference, May 1989, pp. 5.3.1--5.3.5.
[9]
J. Rose, R. J. Francis, D. Lewis, P. Chow, "Architecture of Field-programmable Gate Arrays: The Effect of Logic Block Functionality on Area Efficiency," IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits, Volume: 25 Issue: 5, Oct. 1990, pp. 1217--1225.
[10]
H. Schmit and V. Chandra, "FPGA Switch Block Layout and Evaluation," IEEE/ACM International Symposium on Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGA - 02), February 2002.
[11]
A. Koorapty, V. Chandra, K. Y. Tong, C. Patel, L. Pileggi, H. Schmit, "Heterogeneous Programmable Logic Block Architectures," Proceedings of Design Automation and Test in Europe, March 2

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    cover image ACM Conferences
    ISPD '03: Proceedings of the 2003 international symposium on Physical design
    April 2003
    218 pages
    ISBN:1581136501
    DOI:10.1145/640000
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    Published: 06 April 2003

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    Author Tags

    1. VPGA
    2. gate array
    3. interconnect architectures
    4. lookup table

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