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Unpacking Intention and Behavior: Explaining Contact Tracing App Adoption and Hesitancy in the United States

Authors:

Daniel A. Epstein,

Naomi YamashitaAuthors Info & Claims

CHI '22: Proceedings of the 2022 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems

Article No.: 79, Pages 1 - 14

https://doi.org/10.1145/3491102.3501963

Published: 28 April 2022 Publication History

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Abstract

COVID-19 has demonstrated the importance of digital contact tracing apps in reducing the spread of disease. Despite people widely expressing interest in using contact tracing apps, actual installation rates have been low in many parts of the world. Prior studies suggest that decisions to use these apps are largely shaped by pandemic beliefs, social influences, perceived benefits and harms, and other factors. However, there is a gap in understanding what factors motivate intention, but not subsequent behavior of actual adoption. Reporting on a survey of 290 U.S. residents, we disentangle the intention-behavior gap by investigating factors associated with installing a contact tracing app from those associated with intending to install, but not actually installing. Our results suggest that social norms can be leveraged to span the intention-behavior gap, and that a privacy paradox may influence people’s adoption decisions. We present recommendations for technologies that enlist individuals to address collective challenges.

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Pigera Svan Schaik PRenaud KCampbell MManley PEsser P(2025)Privacy and Security in Digital Health Contact-Tracing: A Narrative ReviewApplied Sciences10.3390/app1502086515:2(865)Online publication date: 16-Jan-2025
https://doi.org/10.3390/app15020865
Ferreira de Oliveira Neto RAlmeida Rocha LPereira de Carvalho Filho MArgenton Ramos R(2024)Addressing visual impairments: Essential software requirements for image caption solutionsAssistive Technology10.1080/10400435.2024.2413650(1-16)Online publication date: 30-Oct-2024
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Fischer-Hübner SKaregar FFischer-Hübner SKaregar F(2024)Overview of Usable Privacy Research: Major Themes and Research DirectionsThe Curious Case of Usable Privacy10.1007/978-3-031-54158-2_3(43-102)Online publication date: 20-Mar-2024
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-54158-2_3
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Index Terms

Unpacking Intention and Behavior: Explaining Contact Tracing App Adoption and Hesitancy in the United States
1. Applied computing
  1. Life and medical sciences
    1. Health informatics
2. Human-centered computing
  1. Human computer interaction (HCI)
    1. Empirical studies in HCI

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CHI '22: Proceedings of the 2022 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems

April 2022

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ISBN:9781450391573

DOI:10.1145/3491102

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Cited By

Pigera Svan Schaik PRenaud KCampbell MManley PEsser P(2025)Privacy and Security in Digital Health Contact-Tracing: A Narrative ReviewApplied Sciences10.3390/app1502086515:2(865)Online publication date: 16-Jan-2025
https://doi.org/10.3390/app15020865
Ferreira de Oliveira Neto RAlmeida Rocha LPereira de Carvalho Filho MArgenton Ramos R(2024)Addressing visual impairments: Essential software requirements for image caption solutionsAssistive Technology10.1080/10400435.2024.2413650(1-16)Online publication date: 30-Oct-2024
https://doi.org/10.1080/10400435.2024.2413650
Fischer-Hübner SKaregar FFischer-Hübner SKaregar F(2024)Overview of Usable Privacy Research: Major Themes and Research DirectionsThe Curious Case of Usable Privacy10.1007/978-3-031-54158-2_3(43-102)Online publication date: 20-Mar-2024
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-54158-2_3
Belligoni SStevens KHasan SYu H(2023)Privacy and security concerns with passively collected location data for digital contact tracing among U.S. college studentsPLOS ONE10.1371/journal.pone.029441918:11(e0294419)Online publication date: 22-Nov-2023
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0294419
Jamieson JYamashita N(2023)Escaping the Walled Garden? User Perspectives of Control in Data Portability for Social MediaProceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction10.1145/36101887:CSCW2(1-27)Online publication date: 4-Oct-2023
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3610188
Singh RKumar N(2023)HSAM: Hybrid Sentiment Analysis Model for COVID-19 Contact Tracing Applications2023 IEEE World AI IoT Congress (AIIoT)10.1109/AIIoT58121.2023.10174300(0083-0090)Online publication date: 7-Jun-2023
https://doi.org/10.1109/AIIoT58121.2023.10174300
Gerlitz EHäring M(2023)Privacy Research on the Pulse of Time: COVID-19 Contact-Tracing AppsHuman Factors in Privacy Research10.1007/978-3-031-28643-8_11(219-235)Online publication date: 10-Mar-2023
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-28643-8_11
Pepper CReyes-Cruz GPena ADowthwaite LBabbage CWagner HNichele EFischer J(2022)Understanding Trust and Changes in Use After a Year With the NHS COVID-19 Contact Tracing App in the United Kingdom: Longitudinal Mixed Methods StudyJournal of Medical Internet Research10.2196/4055824:10(e40558)Online publication date: 14-Oct-2022
https://doi.org/10.2196/40558
Dowthwaite LWagner HBabbage CFischer JBarnard PNichele EPerez Vallejos EClos JPortillo VMcAuley D(2022)The relationship between trust and attitudes towards the COVID-19 digital contact-tracing app in the UKPLOS ONE10.1371/journal.pone.027666117:10(e0276661)Online publication date: 27-Oct-2022
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0276661
Seberger JObi ILoukil MLiao WWild DPatil S(2022)Speculative VulnerabilityProceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction10.1145/35555866:CSCW2(1-27)Online publication date: 11-Nov-2022
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3555586
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