research-article

Open access

What is a Visual Novel?

Authors:

Janelynn Camingue,

Elin Carstensdottir,

Edward F. MelcerAuthors Info & Claims

Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction, Volume 5, Issue CHI PLAY

Article No.: 285, Pages 1 - 18

https://doi.org/10.1145/3474712

Published: 06 October 2021 Publication History

Abstract

Visual Novel (VN) is a widely recognizable genre of narrative-focused games that has grown in popularity over the past decade. Surprisingly, despite being so widely recognizable, there is not a singular definition to help guide the design and analysis of such games---with academic definitions and implementations ranging from "interactive textbooks" to "adventure games with multi-ending stories". In this paper, we present a unified definition of VNs drawn from an analysis of 30 prior academic definitions. We also examined 54 existing VNs to further refine our definition and employ a deeper analysis of the interactivity within VNs. We highlight key features of VNs that arise in our definition, and discuss resulting implications for the design of VNs. This work is relevant for narrative game designers and researchers, affording a more unified structure and clearer guidelines to identify, analyze, and design future VN games.

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Cited By

Govender TArnedo-Moreno J(2025)Narrative alchemy: Co-creating a game-based extensive reading framework for adult language learnersEntertainment Computing10.1016/j.entcom.2024.10087052(100870)Online publication date: Jan-2025
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Index Terms

What is a Visual Novel?
1. Human-centered computing
  1. Human computer interaction (HCI)
    1. Empirical studies in HCI

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cover image Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction

Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction Volume 5, Issue CHI PLAY

CHI PLAY

September 2021

1535 pages

EISSN:2573-0142

DOI:10.1145/3490463

Editors:
Kathrin Gerling
KU Leuven
,
Elisa Mekler
Aalto University
,
Regan Mandryk
University of Saskatchewan

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Copyright © 2021 Owner/Author.

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution International 4.0 License.

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Published: 06 October 2021

Published in PACMHCI Volume 5, Issue CHI PLAY

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Cited By

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https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3613904.3642105
Hwang DMelcer E(2024)Exploring Engagement in Idle Game Design2024 IEEE Conference on Games (CoG)10.1109/CoG60054.2024.10645671(1-8)Online publication date: 5-Aug-2024
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Xu S(2024)PrepPipe: Prototyping Compiler for Attainable Visual Novel Development2024 IEEE Conference on Games (CoG)10.1109/CoG60054.2024.10645615(1-4)Online publication date: 5-Aug-2024
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Johnson-Bey SShields SWardrip-Fruin NMelcer E(2024)Academical: A Dynamic Interactive Narrative Game for Responsible Conduct of Research Training2024 IEEE Conference on Games (CoG)10.1109/CoG60054.2024.10645569(1-2)Online publication date: 5-Aug-2024
https://doi.org/10.1109/CoG60054.2024.10645569
Shields SCalderwood AJohnson-Bey SWardrip-Fruin NMateas MMelcer E(2024)Generating Together: Lessons Learned from Developing an Educational Visual Novel with AI Collaboration2024 IEEE Conference on Games (CoG)10.1109/CoG60054.2024.10645553(1-8)Online publication date: 5-Aug-2024
https://doi.org/10.1109/CoG60054.2024.10645553
Machado MIshitani L(2024)Game attributes and their relation to the values considered relevant for womenDigital Creativity10.1080/14626268.2024.238530435:3(274-299)Online publication date: 4-Aug-2024
https://doi.org/10.1080/14626268.2024.2385304
Huang EKusumawati YGunawan E(2024)DeafvoirProcedia Computer Science10.1016/j.procs.2023.10.565227:C(614-622)Online publication date: 27-Feb-2024
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1016/j.procs.2023.10.565
Reichert TMiftari MHerling CMarsden N(2024)Empowering Female Founders with AI and Play: Integration of a Large Language Model into a Serious Game with Player-Generated ContentHCI in Games10.1007/978-3-031-60695-3_5(69-83)Online publication date: 30-May-2024
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-60695-3_5
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