skip to main content
10.1145/342009.335381acmconferencesArticle/Chapter ViewAbstractPublication PagesmodConference Proceedingsconference-collections
Article
Free access

On-line reorganization in object databases

Published: 16 May 2000 Publication History

Abstract

Reorganization of objects in an object databases is an important component of several operations like compaction, clustering, and schema evolution. The high availability requirements (24 × 7 operation) of certain application domains requires reorganization to be performed on-line with minimal interference to concurrently executing transactions.
In this paper, we address the problem of on-line reorganization in object databases, where a set of objects have to be migrated from one location to another. Specifically, we consider the case where objects in the database may contain physical references to other objects. Relocating an object in this case involves finding the set of objects (parents) that refer to it, and modifying the references in each parent. We propose an algorithm called the Incremental Reorganization Algorithm (IRA) that achieves the above task with minimal interference to concurrently executing transactions. The IRA algorithm holds locks on at most two distinct objects at any point of time. We have implemented IRA on Brahma, a storage manager developed at IIT Bombay, and conducted an extensive performance study. Our experiments reveal that IRA makes on-line reorganization feasible, with very little impact on the response times of concurrently executing transactions and on overall system throughput. We also describe how the IRA algorithm can handle system failures.

References

[1]
L. Amsaleg, M. Franklin, and O. Gruber. Efficient incremental garbage collection for client-server object database systems. In Proceedings of the 21st VLDB Conference, September 1995.
[2]
K. Achyutuni, E. Omiecinski, and S. Navathe. Two techniques for on-line index modification in shared nothing parallel databases. In Proceedings of A CM SIGMOD Conference, pages 125-136, Montreal, June 1996.
[3]
S. Ashwin, P. Roy, S. Seshadri, A. Silberschatz, and S. Sudarshan. Garbage collection in object oriented databases using transactional cyclic reference counting. In Proceedings of the 23rd VLDB Conference, Athens, Greece, August 1997.
[4]
J. Banerjee, W. Kim, H. Kim, and H. F. Korth. Semantics and implementation of schema evolution in object-oriented databases. In Proceedings of A CM SIGMOD Conference, pages 311-322, 1987.
[5]
P. Bohannon, D. Lieuwen, R. Rastogi, S. Seshadri, A. Silberschatz, and S. Sudarshan. The architecture of the dali storage manager. Journal of Multi-Media Tools and Applications, 4(2), March 1997.
[6]
J.E. Cook, A.L. Wolf, and B.G. Zorn. Partition selection policies in object database garbage collection. In Proceedings of ACM SIGMOD Conference, pages 371-382, Minneapolis, USA, May 1994.
[7]
B. Salzberg (Special Issue Editor). Special issue on online reorganization. IEEE Data Engineering Bulletin, 19(2), June 1996.
[8]
A. Eickler, C. A. Gerlhof, and D. Kossman. A performance evaluation of oid mapping techniques. In Proceedings of the 21st VLDB Conference, September 1995.
[9]
H.V. Jagadish, D. Lieuwen, R. Rastogi, A. Silberschatz, and S. Sudarshan. Dali: A high performance mainmemory storage manager. In Proceedings of the 20th VLDB Conference, 1994.
[10]
E.K. Kolodner and W. E. Weihl. Atomic incremental garbage collection and recovery of a large stable heap. In Proceedings of ACM SIGMOD Conference, pages 177- 186, Washington, DC, May 1993.
[11]
M.K. Lakhamraju, R. Rastogi, S. Seshadri, and S. Sudarshan. On-line reorganization of objects. In Technical Report, Bell-labs, February 1999.
[12]
C. Mohan and I. Narang. Algorithms for creating very large tables without quiescing updates. In Proceedings of ACM SIGMOD Conference, pages 361-370, San Diego, USA, May 1992.
[13]
S. Nettles, J. O'Toole, D. Pierce, and N. Haines. Replication-based incremental copying collection. In International Workshop on Memory Management, pages 357-364, St. Malo, France, September 1992.
[14]
E. Omiecinski. Concurrent file reorganization: Clustering, conversion and maintenance. IEEE Data Engineering Bulletin, 19(2), 1996.
[15]
V. Srinivasan and M. Carey. Compensation based online query processing. In Proceedings of A CM SIGMOD Conference, San Diego, CA, 1992.
[16]
V. Srinivasan and M. Carey. Performance of on-line index construction algorithms. In 3rd International Conferance on Extending Database Technology, pages 292-309, Vienna, Austria, March 1992.
[17]
B. Salzberg and A. Dimock. Principles of transactionbased on-line reorganization. In Proceedings of 18th VLDB Conference, pages 511-520, 1992.
[18]
M.M. Tsangaris and J. F. Naughton. A stochastic approach for clustering in object bases. In Proceedings of the A CM SIGMOD Conference, Denver, Colorado, May 1991.
[19]
Jr W.J. Mciver and R. King. Self-adaptive, on-line reclustering of complex object data. In Proceedings of A CM SIGMOD Conference, pages 407-418, Minneapolis, USA, May 1994.
[20]
V. Yong, J. Naughton, and J. Yu. Storage reclamation and reorganization in client-server persistent object stores. In Proceedings of the Data Engineering International Conference, pages 120-133, February 1994.
[21]
C. Zou and B. Salzberg. On-line reorganization of sparesely-populated B+-trees. In Proceedings of A CM SIGMOD Conference, pages 115-124, Montreal, June 1996.
[22]
C. Zou and B. Salzberg. Towards efficient online database reorganization. IEEE Data Engineering Bulletin, 19(2):33-40, June 1996.
[23]
C. Zou and B. Salzberg. Safely and efficiently updating references during on-line reorganization. In Internation Conference on Very Large Databases, New York, USA, August 1998.

Cited By

View all

Recommendations

Comments

Information & Contributors

Information

Published In

cover image ACM Conferences
SIGMOD '00: Proceedings of the 2000 ACM SIGMOD international conference on Management of data
May 2000
604 pages
ISBN:1581132174
DOI:10.1145/342009
Permission to make digital or hard copies of all or part of this work for personal or classroom use is granted without fee provided that copies are not made or distributed for profit or commercial advantage and that copies bear this notice and the full citation on the first page. Copyrights for components of this work owned by others than ACM must be honored. Abstracting with credit is permitted. To copy otherwise, or republish, to post on servers or to redistribute to lists, requires prior specific permission and/or a fee. Request permissions from [email protected]

Sponsors

Publisher

Association for Computing Machinery

New York, NY, United States

Publication History

Published: 16 May 2000

Permissions

Request permissions for this article.

Check for updates

Qualifiers

  • Article

Conference

SIGMOD/PODS00
Sponsor:

Acceptance Rates

SIGMOD '00 Paper Acceptance Rate 42 of 248 submissions, 17%;
Overall Acceptance Rate 785 of 4,003 submissions, 20%

Contributors

Other Metrics

Bibliometrics & Citations

Bibliometrics

Article Metrics

  • Downloads (Last 12 months)1,278
  • Downloads (Last 6 weeks)52
Reflects downloads up to 14 Sep 2024

Other Metrics

Citations

Cited By

View all

View Options

View options

PDF

View or Download as a PDF file.

PDF

eReader

View online with eReader.

eReader

Get Access

Login options

Media

Figures

Other

Tables

Share

Share

Share this Publication link

Share on social media