skip to main content
10.1145/2566468.2566471acmconferencesArticle/Chapter ViewAbstractPublication PagescpsweekConference Proceedingsconference-collections
research-article

Fundamental limits of nonintrusive load monitoring

Published: 15 April 2014 Publication History

Abstract

Provided an arbitrary nonintrusive load monitoring (NILM) algorithm, we seek bounds on the probability of distinguishing between scenarios, given an aggregate power consumption signal. We introduce a framework for studying a general NILM algorithm, and analyze the theory in the general case. Then, we specialize to the case where the error is Gaussian. In both cases, we are able to derive upper bounds on the probability of distinguishing scenarios. Finally, we apply the results to real data to derive bounds on the probability of distinguishing between scenarios as a function of the measurement noise, the sampling rate, and the device usage.

References

[1]
K. C. Armel, A. Gupta, G. Shrimali, and A. Albert. Is disaggregation the holy grail of energy efficiency? The case of electricity. Energy Policy, 52:213--234, 2013.
[2]
A. J. Bell and T. J. Sejnowski. An information-maximization approach to blind separation and blind deconvolution. Neural Computation, 1995.
[3]
A. Belouchrani, K. Abed-Meraim, J.-F. Cardoso, and E. Moulines. A blind source separation technique using second-order statistics. IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing, 45(2):434--444, 1997.
[4]
A. A. Cáardenas, S. Amin, G. Schwartz, R. Dong, and S. S. Sastry. A game theory model for electricity theft detection and privacy-aware control in AMI systems. In Proceedings of the 50th Allerton Conference on Communication, Control, and Computing, pages 1830--1837, 2012.
[5]
J. Cardoso. Infomax and maximum likelihood for blind source separation. IEEE Signal Processing Letters, 4(4):112--114, 1997.
[6]
K. Chaudhuri and D. Hsu. Sample complexity bounds for differentially private learning. In COLT, pages 155--186, 2011.
[7]
T. M. Cover and J. A. Thomas. Elements of Information Theory. Wiley-Interscience, 1991.
[8]
R. Dong, L. Ratliff, H. Ohlsson, and S. S. Sastry. A dynamical systems approach to energy disaggregation. In Proceedings of the 52nd IEEE Conference on Decision and Control (CDC), 2013.
[9]
R. Dong, L. Ratliff, H. Ohlsson, and S. S. Sastry. Energy disaggregation via adaptive filtering. In Proceedings of the 51th Allerton Conference on Communication, Control, and Computing, 2013.
[10]
C. Dwork. Differential privacy. In Proceedings of the International Colloquium on Automata, Languages and Programming, pages 1--12. Springer, 2006.
[11]
J. Froehlich, E. Larson, S. Gupta, G. Cohn, M. Reynolds, and S. Patel. Disaggregated end-use energy sensing for the smart grid. IEEE Pervasive Computing, 10(1):28--39, 2011.
[12]
G. T. Gardner and P. C. Stern. The short list: The most effective actions U.S. households can take to curb climate change. In Environment: Science and Policy for Sustainable Development, 2008.
[13]
S. Gupta, M. S. Reynolds, and S. N. Patel. Electrisense: single-point sensing using EMI for electrical event detection and classification in the home. In Proceedings of the 12th ACM international conference on Ubiquitous computing, Ubicomp '10, pages 139--148, New York, NY, USA, 2010. ACM.
[14]
Z. Huang, S. Mitra, and G. Dullerud. Differentially private iterative synchronous consensus. In Proceedings of the 2012 ACM Workshop on Privacy in the Electronic Society, WPES '12, pages 81--90, New York, NY, USA, 2012. ACM.
[15]
J. Z. Kolter and T. Jaakkola. Approximate inference in additive factorial HMMs with application to energy disaggregation. In Proceedings of the International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Statistics, 2012.
[16]
J. Z. Kolter and M. J. Johnson. REDD: A public data set for energy disaggregation research. In Proceedings of the SustKDD Workshop on Data Mining Appliations in Sustainbility, 2011.
[17]
J. A. Laitner, K. Ehrhardt-Martinez, and V. McKinney. Examining the scale of the behaviour energy efficiency continuum. In European Council for an Energy Efficient Economy, 2009.
[18]
S. Leeb, S. Shaw, and J. Kirtley, J. L. Transient event detection in spectral envelope estimates for nonintrusive load monitoring. IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery, 10(3):1200--1210, 1995.
[19]
J. L. Ny and G. J. Pappas. Differentially private filtering. arXiv:1207.4305, July 2012.
[20]
O. Parson, S. Ghosh, M. Weal, and A. Rogers. Nonintrusive load monitoring using prior models of general appliance types. In Proceedings of the 26th AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence, 2012.

Cited By

View all

Recommendations

Comments

Information & Contributors

Information

Published In

cover image ACM Conferences
HiCoNS '14: Proceedings of the 3rd international conference on High confidence networked systems
April 2014
162 pages
ISBN:9781450326520
DOI:10.1145/2566468
Permission to make digital or hard copies of all or part of this work for personal or classroom use is granted without fee provided that copies are not made or distributed for profit or commercial advantage and that copies bear this notice and the full citation on the first page. Copyrights for components of this work owned by others than ACM must be honored. Abstracting with credit is permitted. To copy otherwise, or republish, to post on servers or to redistribute to lists, requires prior specific permission and/or a fee. Request permissions from [email protected]

Sponsors

Publisher

Association for Computing Machinery

New York, NY, United States

Publication History

Published: 15 April 2014

Permissions

Request permissions for this article.

Check for updates

Author Tags

  1. energy disaggregation
  2. nonintrusive load monitoring (nilm)
  3. performance bounds

Qualifiers

  • Research-article

Funding Sources

Conference

HiCoNS '14
Sponsor:

Acceptance Rates

HiCoNS '14 Paper Acceptance Rate 12 of 18 submissions, 67%;
Overall Acceptance Rate 30 of 55 submissions, 55%

Contributors

Other Metrics

Bibliometrics & Citations

Bibliometrics

Article Metrics

  • Downloads (Last 12 months)7
  • Downloads (Last 6 weeks)1
Reflects downloads up to 24 Jan 2025

Other Metrics

Citations

Cited By

View all

View Options

Login options

View options

PDF

View or Download as a PDF file.

PDF

eReader

View online with eReader.

eReader

Figures

Tables

Media

Share

Share

Share this Publication link

Share on social media