skip to main content
research-article

Mining Travel Patterns from Geotagged Photos

Published: 01 May 2012 Publication History

Abstract

Recently, the phenomenal advent of photo-sharing services, such as Flickr and Panoramio, have led to volumous community-contributed photos with text tags, timestamps, and geographic references on the Internet. The photos, together with their time- and geo-references, become the digital footprints of photo takers and implicitly document their spatiotemporal movements. This study aims to leverage the wealth of these enriched online photos to analyze people’s travel patterns at the local level of a tour destination. Specifically, we focus our analysis on two aspects: (1) tourist movement patterns in relation to the regions of attractions (RoA), and (2) topological characteristics of travel routes by different tourists. To do so, we first build a statistically reliable database of travel paths from a noisy pool of community-contributed geotagged photos on the Internet. We then investigate the tourist traffic flow among different RoAs by exploiting the Markov chain model. Finally, the topological characteristics of travel routes are analyzed by performing a sequence clustering on tour routes. Testings on four major cities demonstrate promising results of the proposed system.

References

[1]
Asakura, Y. and Iryo, T. 2007. Analysis of tourist behaviour based on the tracking data collected using a mobile communication instrument. Transport. Res. Part A: Policy and Pract. 41, 7, 684--690.
[2]
Bishop, C. M. 2006. Pattern Recognition and Machine Learning. Springer.
[3]
Crandall, D. J., Backstrom, L., Huttenlocher, D., and Kleinberg, J. 2009. Mapping the world’s photos. In Proceedings of the 18th International Conference on World Wide Web. ACM, New York, NY, 761--770.
[4]
Das, G., Gunopulos, D., and Mannila, H. 1997. Finding similar time series. In Proceedings of the 1st European Symposium on Principles of Data Mining and Knowledge Discovery. Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 88--100.
[5]
De Choudhury, M., Feldman, M., Amer-Yahia, S., Golbandi, N., Lempel, R., and Yu, C. 2010a. Automatic construction of travel itineraries using social breadcrumbs. In Proceedings of the 21st ACM Conference on Hypertext and Hypermedia (HT’10). ACM, New York, NY, 35--44.
[6]
De Choudhury, M., Feldman, M., Amer-Yahia, S., Golbandi, N., Lempel, R., and Yu, C. 2010b. Automatic construction of travel itineraries using social breadcrumbs. In Proceedings of the 21st ACM Conference on Hypertext and Hypermedia (HT’10). ACM, New York, NY, 35--44.
[7]
De Choudhury, M., Feldman, M., Amer-Yahia, S., Golbandi, N., Lempel, R., and Yu, C. 2010c. Constructing travel itineraries from tagged geo-temporal breadcrumbs. In Proceedings of the 19th International Conference on World Wide Web (WWW’10). ACM, New York, NY, 1083--1084.
[8]
Degroot, M. H. and Schervish, M. J. 2001. Probability and Statistics 3rd Ed. Addison Wesley.
[9]
Diaconis, P. 2009. The Markov chain Monte Carlo revolution. Bull. Am. Math. Soc., New Ser. 46, 2, 179--205.
[10]
Elias, B. and Sester, M. 2006. Incorporating landmarks with quality measures in routing procedures. In Proceedings of the International Conference on Geographic Information Science. 65--80.
[11]
Ester, M., Kriegel, H.-p., Jörg, S., and Xu, X. 1996. A density-based algorithm for discovering clusters in large spatial databases with noise. In Proceedings of the Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining. ACM, New York, NY, 226--231.
[12]
Giannotti, F., Nanni, M., Pinelli, F., and Pedreschi, D. 2007. Trajectory pattern mining. In Proceedings of the Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining. ACM, New York, NY, 330--339.
[13]
Girardin, F., B. J. 2008. Assessing pervasive user-generated content to describe tourist dynamics. In Proceedings of 1st International Workshop on Trends in Pervasive and Ubiquitous Geotechnology and Geoinformation. ACM, New York, NY.
[14]
Ishikawa, Y., Tsukamoto, Y., and Kitagawa, H. 2004. Extracting mobility statistics from indexed spatio-temporal datasets. In Proceedings of the 2nd International Workshop on Spatio-Temporal Database Management (STDBM’04). 9--16.
[15]
Kalogerakis, E., Vesselova, O., Hays, J., Efros, A. A., and Hertzmann, A. 2009. Image sequence geolocation with human travel priors. In Proceedings of the International Conference on Computer Vision.
[16]
Kawai, Y., Zhang, J., and Kawasaki, H. 2009. Tour recommendation system based on web information and gis. In Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Multimedia and Expo. 990--993.
[17]
Kennedy, L., Naaman, M., Ahern, S., Nair, R., and Rattenbury, T. 2007. How flickr helps us make sense of the world: Context and content in community-contributed media collections. In Proceedings of the Conference on Multimedia. ACM, New York, NY, 631--640.
[18]
Krejcie, R. V., a. M. D. W. 1970. Determining sample size for research activities. Educ. Psychol. Measure. 30, 607--610.
[19]
Kurashima, T., Iwata, T., Irie, G., and Fujimura, K. 2010. Travel route recommendation using geotags in photo sharing sites. In Proceedings of the 19th ACM International Conference on Information and Knowledge Management (CIKM’10). ACM, New York, NY, 579--588.
[20]
Lau, G. M. B. 2007. Understanding tourist movement patterns in a destination: A gis approach. Tourism Hospitality Res. 7, 1, 39--49.
[21]
Lew, A. A. and McKercher, B. 2002. Trip destinations, gateways and itineraries: The example of hong kong. Tourism Manage. 23, 6, 609--621.
[22]
Lewa, A. and McKerchera, B. 2006. odeling tourist movements: A local destination analysis. Annals Tourism Res. 33, 2, 403--423.
[23]
Li, X., Wu, C., Zach, C., Lazebnik, S., and Frahm, J.-M. 2008. Modeling and recognition of landmark image collections using iconic scene graphs. In Proceedings of the European Conference on Computer Vision. 427--440.
[24]
Li, Y., Crandall, D. J., and Huttenlocher, D. P. 2009. Landmark classification in large-scale image collections. In Proceedings of the International Conference on Computer Vision. 1957--1964.
[25]
Lu, X., Wang, C., Yang, J.-M., Pang, Y., and Zhang, L. 2010. Photo2trip: Generating travel routes from geotagged photos for trip planning. In Proceedings of the International Conference on Multimedia (MM’10). ACM, New York, NY, 143--152.
[26]
McKercher, B. and Lew, A. 2004. Tourist flows and the spatial distribution of tourists. In A Companion to Tourism, Chapter 3, Wiley Online Library.
[27]
McKercher, B. and Lau, G. 2008. Movement patterns of tourists within a destination. Tourism Geographies 10, 3, 355--374.
[28]
Peng, W.-C. and Chen, M.-S. 2003. Developing data allocation schemes by incremental mining of user moving patterns in a mobile computing system. IEEE Trans. Knowl. Data Eng. 15, 1, 70--85.
[29]
Rattenbury, T., Good, N., and Naaman, M. 2007. Towards automatic extraction of event and place semantics from flickr tags. In Proceedings of the ACM SIGIR Conference on Research and Development in Information Retrieval. ACM, New York, NY, 103--110.
[30]
Upton, G. J. G. and Fingleton, B. 1989. Spatial Data Analysis by Example Vol. 2, Categorical and Directional Data. Wiley & Sons.
[31]
Verhein, F. and Chawla, S. 2008. Mining spatio-temporal patterns in object mobility databases. Data Min. Knowl. Discov. 16, 1, 5--38.
[32]
Vlachos, M., Hadjieleftheriou, M., Gunopulos, D., and Keogh, E. 2003. Indexing multi-dimensional time-series with support for multiple distance measures. In Proceedings of the Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining. ACM, New York, NY, 216--225.
[33]
Xia, J. C., Zeephongsekul, P., and Arrowsmith, C. 2009. Modeling spatiotemporal movement of tourists using finite markov chains. Math. Comput. Simul. 79, 5, 1544--1553.
[34]
Yanai, K., Kawakubo, H., and Qiu, B. 2009. A visual analysis of the relationship between word concepts and geographical locations. In Proceeding of the ACM International Conference on Image and Video Retrieval. ACM, New York, NY, 1--8.
[35]
Zha, Z.-J., Yang, L., Mei, T., Wang, M., Wang, Z., Chua, T.-S., and Hua, X.-S. 2010. Visual query suggestion: Towards capturing user intent in internet image search. ACM Trans. Multimedia Comput. Comm. Appl. 6, 13:1--13:19.
[36]
Zhang, J., Kawasaki, H., and Kawai, Y. 2008. A tourist route search system based on Web information and the visibility of scenic sights. In Proceedings of the International Symposium on Universal Communication. 154--161.
[37]
Zheng, Y. and Xie, X. 2011. Learning travel recommendations from user-generated gps traces. ACM Trans. Intell. Syst. Technol. 2, 2:1--2:29.
[38]
Zheng, Y., Zhang, L., Xie, X., and Ma, W.-Y. 2009. Mining interesting locations and travel sequences from gps trajectories. In Proceedings of the 18th International Conference on the World Wide Web (WWW’09). ACM, New York, NY, 791--800.
[39]
Zheng, Y.-T., Li, Y., Zha, Z.-J., and Chua, T.-S. 2011. Mining travel patterns from gps-tagged photos. In Proceedings of the 17th International Conference on Advances in Multimedia Modeling Part (MMM’11). 262--272.
[40]
Zheng, Y.-T., Zhao, M., Song, Y., Adam, H., Buddemeier, U., Bissacco, A., Brucher, F., Chua, T.-S., and Neven, H. 2009. Tour the world: Building a Web-scale landmark recognition engine. In Proceedings of the International Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition.
[41]
Zheng, Y.-T., Zhao, M., Song, Y., Adam, H., Buddemeier, U., Bissacco, A., Brucher, F., Chua, T.-S., Neven, H., and Yagnik, J. 2009. Tour the world: A technical demonstration of a Web-scale landmark recognition engine. In Proceedings of the 17th ACM International Conference on Multimedia. ACM, New York, NY, 961--962.

Cited By

View all

Index Terms

  1. Mining Travel Patterns from Geotagged Photos

    Recommendations

    Comments

    Information & Contributors

    Information

    Published In

    cover image ACM Transactions on Intelligent Systems and Technology
    ACM Transactions on Intelligent Systems and Technology  Volume 3, Issue 3
    May 2012
    384 pages
    ISSN:2157-6904
    EISSN:2157-6912
    DOI:10.1145/2168752
    Issue’s Table of Contents
    Permission to make digital or hard copies of all or part of this work for personal or classroom use is granted without fee provided that copies are not made or distributed for profit or commercial advantage and that copies bear this notice and the full citation on the first page. Copyrights for components of this work owned by others than ACM must be honored. Abstracting with credit is permitted. To copy otherwise, or republish, to post on servers or to redistribute to lists, requires prior specific permission and/or a fee. Request permissions from [email protected]

    Publisher

    Association for Computing Machinery

    New York, NY, United States

    Publication History

    Published: 01 May 2012
    Accepted: 01 January 2012
    Revised: 01 December 2011
    Received: 01 September 2011
    Published in TIST Volume 3, Issue 3

    Permissions

    Request permissions for this article.

    Check for updates

    Author Tags

    1. Travel pattern mining
    2. geotagged photos

    Qualifiers

    • Research-article
    • Research
    • Refereed

    Contributors

    Other Metrics

    Bibliometrics & Citations

    Bibliometrics

    Article Metrics

    • Downloads (Last 12 months)63
    • Downloads (Last 6 weeks)7
    Reflects downloads up to 14 Jan 2025

    Other Metrics

    Citations

    Cited By

    View all

    View Options

    Login options

    Full Access

    View options

    PDF

    View or Download as a PDF file.

    PDF

    eReader

    View online with eReader.

    eReader

    Media

    Figures

    Other

    Tables

    Share

    Share

    Share this Publication link

    Share on social media