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Hardware-rooted trust for secure key management and transient trust

Published: 28 October 2007 Publication History

Abstract

We propose minimalist new hardware additions to a microprocessor chip that protect cryptographic keys in portable computing devices which are used in the field but owned by a central authority. Our authority-mode architecture has trust rooted in two critical secrets: a Device Root Key and a Storage Root Hash, initialized in the device by the trusted authority. Our architecture protects trusted software, bound to the device, which can use the root secrets to protect other sensitive information for many different usage scenarios. We describe a detailed usage scenario for crisis response, where first responders are given transient access to third-party sensitive information which can be securely accessed during a crisis and reliably revoked after the crisis is over.
We leverage the Concealed Execution Mode of our earlier user-mode SP (Secret-Protecting) architecture to protect trusted code and its execution [1]. We call our new architecture authority-mode SP since it shares the same architectural lineage and the goal of minimalist hardware roots of trust. However, we completely change the key management hardware and software to enable new remote trust mechanisms that user-mode SP cannot support. In our new architecture, trust is built on top of the shared root key which binds together the secrets, policy and trusted software on the device. As a result, the authority-mode SP architecture can be used to provide significant new functionality including transient access to secrets with reliable revocation mechanisms, controlled transitive support for policy-controlled secrets belonging to different organizations, and remote attestation and secure communications with the authority.

References

[1]
R. Lee, P. Kwan, J. P. McGregor, J. Dwoskin, Z. Wang. "Architecture for Protecting Critical Secrets in Microprocessors," Proceedings of the 32nd International Symposium on Computer Architecture (ISCA 2005), pp. 2--13, June 2005.
[2]
IETF Network Working Group. "Pre-Shared Key Ciphersuites for Transport Layer Security (TLS)," Request for Comments: 4279. http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc4279.txt
[3]
R. C. Merkle. "Protocols for public key cryptography," IEEE Symposium on Security and Privacy, pp.122--134, 1980.
[4]
Trusted Computing Group. "Trusted Platform Module (TPM) Specifications," April 2006. https://www.trustedcomputinggroup.org/specs/TPM
[5]
National Institute of Standards and Technology, "Advanced Encryption Standard," Federal Information Processing Standards Publication, FIPS Pub 197, Nov. 2001.
[6]
Intel, "LaGrande Technology Architectural Overview," http://www.intel.com/technology/security/, September 2003.
[7]
National Institute of Standards and Technology. "The Keyed-Hash Message Authentication Code (HMAC)," Federal Information Processing Standards Publication, FIPS Pub 198. http://csrc.nist.gov/publications/fips/fips198/fips-198a.pdf
[8]
"ITU-T Recommendation X.509, The Directory: Authentication Framework", Int'l Telecomm. Union, Geneva, 2000; ISO/IEC 9594-8.
[9]
D. Lie, C. Thekkath, M. Mitchell, P. Lincoln, D. Boneh, J. Mitchell, and M. Horowitz. "Architectural Support for Copy and Tamper Resistant Software," Proc. of the 9th Int'l Conf. on Architectural Support for Programming Languages and Operating Systems (ASPLOS-IX)., pp. 168--177, 2000.
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G. E. Suh, D. Clarke, B. Gassend, M. van Dijk, and S. Devadas. "AEGIS: Architecture for Tamper-Evident and Tamper-Resistant Processing," Proc. of the 17th Int'l Conf. on Supercomputing (ICS), 2003.
[11]
R. M. Best, "Preventing Software Piracy with Crypto-Microprocessors," Proc. of IEEE Spring COMPCON Š80, pp. 466--469, 1980.
[12]
T. Gilmont, J. D. Legat, and J. J. Quisquater "An Architecture of Security Management Unit for Safe Hosting of Multiple Agents," Proc. of the Int'l Workshop on Intelligent Communications and Multimedia Terminals, pp. 79--82, Nov 1998.
[13]
D. Kirovski, M. Drinic, and M. Potkonjak. "Enabling Trusted Software Integrity," Proc. of the 10th Int'l Conf. on Architectural Support for Programming Languages and Operating Systems (ASPLOS-X), October 2002.
[14]
"SecureCore for Trustworthy Commodity Computing and Communications," collaborative project by Princeton University, Naval Postgraduate School and University of Southern California. Project home-page at http://palms.ee.princeton.edu/securecore/

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cover image ACM Conferences
CCS '07: Proceedings of the 14th ACM conference on Computer and communications security
October 2007
628 pages
ISBN:9781595937032
DOI:10.1145/1315245
Permission to make digital or hard copies of all or part of this work for personal or classroom use is granted without fee provided that copies are not made or distributed for profit or commercial advantage and that copies bear this notice and the full citation on the first page. Copyrights for components of this work owned by others than ACM must be honored. Abstracting with credit is permitted. To copy otherwise, or republish, to post on servers or to redistribute to lists, requires prior specific permission and/or a fee. Request permissions from [email protected]

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Publication History

Published: 28 October 2007

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Author Tags

  1. emergency response
  2. hardware policy enforcement
  3. key management
  4. secret protection (sp)
  5. secure processors
  6. transient trust

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CCS07
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CCS07: 14th ACM Conference on Computer and Communications Security 2007
November 2 - October 31, 2007
Virginia, Alexandria, USA

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CCS '07 Paper Acceptance Rate 55 of 302 submissions, 18%;
Overall Acceptance Rate 1,261 of 6,999 submissions, 18%

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