We present a new approach for simulating deformable objects. The underlying model is geometrically motivated. It handles pointbased objects and does not need connectivity information. The approach does not require any pre-processing, is simple to compute, and provides unconditionally stable dynamic simulations.The main idea of our deformable model is to replace energies by geometric constraints and forces by distances of current positions to goal positions. These goal positions are determined via a generalized shape matching of an undeformed rest state with the current deformed state of the point cloud. Since points are always drawn towards well-defined locations, the overshooting problem of explicit integration schemes is eliminated. The versatility of the approach in terms of object representations that can be handled, the efficiency in terms of memory and computational complexity, and the unconditional stability of the dynamic simulation make the approach particularly interesting for games.
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Weiss T(2023)Fast Position-based Multi-Agent Group DynamicsProceedings of the ACM on Computer Graphics and Interactive Techniques10.1145/35855076:1(1-15)Online publication date: 16-May-2023
Zheng MWang BHuang JBarbič J(2022)Simulation of Hand Anatomy Using Medical ImagingACM Transactions on Graphics10.1145/3550454.355548641:6(1-20)Online publication date: 30-Nov-2022
We present a new approach for simulating deformable objects. The underlying model is geometrically motivated. It handles pointbased objects and does not need connectivity information. The approach does not require any pre-processing, is simple to ...
GRAPHITE '06: Proceedings of the 4th international conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques in Australasia and Southeast Asia
In this paper, we propose a mass-spring model based on shape matching for real-time deformable modeling in virtual reality systems. By defining a rigid core for surface mesh model and adding a new generalized spring for each mass, our surface mesh model ...
For shapes represented as closed planar contours, we introduce a class of functionals which are invariant with respect to the Euclidean group and which are obtained by performing integral operations. While such integral invariants enjoy some of the ...
Speed and accuracy are mutually exclusive issues in the context of the physical simulation of deformable bodies in video games. Explicit numerical methods, like modified Euler integration, are computationally cheap, but, on the other hand, always introduce a stability error. Under certain conditions, this error increases the system energy; besides incorrect behavior of the physical environment, this could lead to a crash of the whole system.
The solution proposed by the authors is to use a purely geometric scheme to obtain unconditional stability without losing the efficiency of the explicit Euler method. The idea is simple and effective. The authors find a transformation through a fast shape matching process. If such a transformation is applied to the deformable body in its undeformed initial configuration, it minimizes the error with the actual configuration of the object, that is, the configuration of the particles forming the object under the influence of external forces (for example, gravity). The transformed configuration defines the goal position of each particle. Then, in order to achieve unconditionally stable deformations, it is sufficient to define a spring between each particle in its actual position and its goal position, and clamp the displacements such that particles do not overshoot the goal position.
The authors provide the methods for finding three kinds of transformations: rigid, linear, and quadratic. These methods are efficient and computationally cheap compared to approaches using modal analysis. Incidentally, such transformations are not sufficient to describe all of the possible modes in which a deformable object can change its own initial configuration. This problem is solved by subdividing the object into overlapping clusters of particles. Each cluster has its own transformation, and increases the number of modes in which the whole object can deform. The authors also describe how to extend their method to support plasticity.
The approach devised in this paper is currently one of the best solutions proposed to simulate, in a plausible way, deformable objects in the context of video games. It does not require a huge amount of memory, and the preprocessing phase is minimal compared to other approaches in the field. Furthermore, the method is general, since it does not require information about the connectivity of the initial object, but only the position of the particles forming the object. This makes it easier to extend this approach to fracturable bodies.
It is important to state that this method is not suitable for the realistic simulation of deformable bodies, since it doesn't have a physical foundation, but rather is entirely based on geometric schemes. This approach is very good for simulations that must seem realistic, like in video games. Furthermore, in order to achieve good-looking animation for objects with a complex behavior (for example, human skin), the object should be divided into a large number of clusters. This could increase the computational effort.
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Weiss T(2023)Fast Position-based Multi-Agent Group DynamicsProceedings of the ACM on Computer Graphics and Interactive Techniques10.1145/35855076:1(1-15)Online publication date: 16-May-2023
Zheng MWang BHuang JBarbič J(2022)Simulation of Hand Anatomy Using Medical ImagingACM Transactions on Graphics10.1145/3550454.355548641:6(1-20)Online publication date: 30-Nov-2022
D’Avanzo PRapisarda ASirletti S(2022)From the Swarm Robotics to Material DeformationsMathematical Applications in Continuum and Structural Mechanics10.1007/978-3-030-42707-8_6(87-125)Online publication date: 1-Jan-2022
Wang BMatcuk GBarbič J(2021)Modeling of Personalized Anatomy Using Plastic StrainsACM Transactions on Graphics10.1145/344370340:2(1-21)Online publication date: 21-Jun-2021
Atencio YIbarra MCerrón JQuispe RCondori RMarín JCarrión M(2021)Particle-Based Physics for Interactive ApplicationsProceedings of Sixth International Congress on Information and Communication Technology10.1007/978-981-16-1781-2_38(411-425)Online publication date: 10-Sep-2021
D’Avanzo PRapisarda ASirletti S(2021)Fracture Phenomena in SwarmsAdvanced Materials Modelling for Mechanical, Medical and Biological Applications10.1007/978-3-030-81705-3_8(99-167)Online publication date: 15-Nov-2021
Arriola-Rios VGuler PFicuciello FKragic DSiciliano BWyatt J(2020)Modeling of Deformable Objects for Robotic Manipulation: A Tutorial and ReviewFrontiers in Robotics and AI10.3389/frobt.2020.000827Online publication date: 17-Sep-2020
Pizana JRodríguez ACirio GOtaduy MLevin DKry P(2020)A bending model for nodal discretizations of yarn-level clothProceedings of the ACM SIGGRAPH/Eurographics Symposium on Computer Animation10.1111/cgf.14112(1-9)Online publication date: 6-Oct-2020
Müller MMacklin MChentanez NJeschke SKim TLevin DKry P(2020)Detailed rigid body simulation with extended position based dynamicsProceedings of the ACM SIGGRAPH/Eurographics Symposium on Computer Animation10.1111/cgf.14105(1-12)Online publication date: 6-Oct-2020
