research-article

Back-of-device interaction allows creating very small touch devices

Authors:

Patrick Baudisch,

Gerry ChuAuthors Info & Claims

CHI '09: Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems

Pages 1923 - 1932

https://doi.org/10.1145/1518701.1518995

Published: 04 April 2009 Publication History

Abstract

In this paper, we explore how to add pointing input capabilities to very small screen devices. On first sight, touchscreens seem to allow for particular compactness, because they integrate input and screen into the same physical space. The opposite is true, however, because the user's fingers occlude contents and prevent precision.

We argue that the key to touch-enabling very small devices is to use touch on the device backside. In order to study this, we have created a 2.4" prototype device; we simulate screens smaller than that by masking the screen. We present a user study in which participants completed a pointing task successfully across display sizes when using a back-of device interface. The touchscreen-based control condition (enhanced with the shift technique), in contrast, failed for screen diagonals below 1 inch. We present four form factor concepts based on back-of-device interaction and provide design guidelines extracted from a second user study.

References

[1]

Albinsson, P. Zhai, S. High precision touch screen interaction. In Proc. CHI'03, 105--112.

Digital Library

[2]

Azuma, R.T. (1997). A Survey of Augmented Reality. Presence: Teleoperators and Virtual Environments 6(4) (August 1997). pp. 355--385.

[3]

Baudisch, P., Zotov, A., Cutrell, E., and Hinckley, K. Starburst: a Target Expansion Algorithm for Non-Uniform Target Distributions. In Proc. AVI'08, pp. 129--137.

Digital Library

[4]

Buxton, W. A Three-State Model of Graphical Input. In Proc. INTERACT '90. pp. 449--456.

Digital Library

[5]

Buxton, W., Hill, R.&Rowley, P. Issues and techniques in touch-sensitive tablet input. Proc. SIGGRAPH'85, pp. 215--223.

Digital Library

[6]

Grossman, T, Balakrishnan, R. (2005). The bubble cursor: enhancing target acquisition by dynamic resizing of the cursor's activation area. In Proc. CHI'05, 281--290.

Digital Library

[7]

Hiraoka, S., Miyamoto, I., Tomimatsu, K. Behind Touch, a Text Input Method for Mobile Phones by The Back and Tactile Sense Interface. Information Processing Society of Japan, Interaction 2003. p. 131--138.

[8]

Iwabuchi., M., Kakehi. Y., and Kakehi, T. LimpiDual Touch: Interactive Limpid Display with Dual-sided Touch Sensing. In SIGGRAPH'08 posters.

Digital Library

[9]

Kabbash, P., Buxton, W. The "Prince" technique: Fitts' law and selection using area cursor. In Proc. of CHI'95, 273--279.

Digital Library

[10]

Labrune, J,B, and Mackay, W. Telebeads: Social Network Mnemonics for Teenagers. In Proc IDC '06, pp. 57--64.

Digital Library

[11]

Li, K., Baudisch, P., and Hinckley, K. BlindSight: eyes-free access to mobile phones. In Proc. CHI'08, pp. 1389--1398.

Digital Library

[12]

McGuffin, M., and Balakrishnan, R. Acquisition of Expanding Targets. In Proc. CHI'02, pp. 57--64.

Digital Library

[13]

Merrill, D., Kalanithi, J., and Maes, P. Siftables: Towards Sensor Network User Interfaces. In Proc. TEI'07, pp. 75--78.

Digital Library

[14]

Olwal, A., Feiner S. (2003) Rubbing the Fisheye: precise touch-screen interaction with gestures and fisheye views. In Conf. Companion. UIST'03, pp. 83--84.

[15]

Potter, R., Weldon, L., Shneiderman, B. (1988). Improving the accuracy of touch screens: an experimental evaluation of three strategies. Proc. CHI' 88, pp. 27--32.

Digital Library

[16]

Ramos G., Boulos, M., and Balakrishnan, R. Pressure Widgets. In Proc. CHI'04, pp. 487--494.

Digital Library

[17]

Ren, X., Moriya, S. (2000). Improving selection performance on pen-based systems: a study of pen-based interaction for selection tasks. ACM TOCHI. 7(3):384--416.

Digital Library

[18]

Roudaut, A., Huot, S., and Lecolinet. E. TapTap and Mag-Stick: Improving One-Handed Target Acquisition on Small Touch-screens. In Proc. AVI'08, pp. 146--153

Digital Library

[19]

Schwesig, C., Poupyrev, I., and Mori, E. (2004). Gummi: a bendable computer. In Proc. CHI'04, pp. 263--270.

Digital Library

[20]

Sears, A., Shneiderman, B. (1991). High precision touch-screens: design strategies and comparisons with a mouse. Int. J. Man-Mach. Stud. 34(4):593--613.

Digital Library

[21]

Siek, K.A., Rogers, Y., and Connelly, K.H. Fat Finger Worries: How Older and Younger Users Physically Interact with PDAs. In Proc. INTERACT'05, pp. 267--280.

Digital Library

[22]

Sugimoto, M. Hiroki, K. (2006). HybridTouch: an intuitive manipulation technique for PDAs using their front and rear surfaces. In Proc. MobileHCI '06, p. 137--140.

Digital Library

[23]

Tang, J. C. and Minneman, S. L. VideoDraw: a video inter-face for collaborative drawing. In Proc. CHI '90. p. 313--320.

Digital Library

[24]

Vogel, D.&Baudisch, P. Shift: A Technique for Operating Pen-Based Interfaces Using Touch. Proc. CHI'07, pp. 657--666.

Digital Library

[25]

Wigdor, D., Forlines, C., Baudisch, P., Barnwell, J., Shen, C. LucidTouch: A See-Through Mobile Device. In Proc. UIST 2007, pp. 269--278.

Digital Library

[26]

Wigdor, D., Leigh, D., Forlines, C., Shipman, S., Barnwell, J., Balakrishnan, R., Shen, C. Under the Table Interaction. In Proc. UIST'06, 259--268.

Digital Library

[27]

Wobbrock, J.O., Myers, B.A. and Aung, H.H. (2008) The performance of hand postures in front- and back-of-device interaction for mobile computing. International Journal of Human-Computer Studies. To appear.

Digital Library

[28]

Yatani, K., Partridge, K., Bern, M., and Newman, M. Escape: A Target Selection Technique Using Visually-cued Gestures. In Proc. CHI 2008, pp. 285--294.

Digital Library

[29]

Zeleznik, R., Miller, T., and Forsberg, A. Pop through Mouse Button Interactions. In Proc. UIST'01, pp195--196.

Digital Library

[30]

Hinckley, K., Guimbretiere, F., Baudisch, P., Sarin, R., Agra-wala, M., Cutrell, E. The Springboard: Multiple Modes in One Spring-Loaded Control. In Proc. CHI'06, pp. 181--190.

Digital Library

[31]

Li, Y., Hinckley, K., Guan, Z., Landay, J. A. Experimental Analysis of Mode Switching Techniques in Pen-based User Interfaces. In Proc. CHI'05, pp. 461--470.

Digital Library

[32]

Zelaznik, H.N., Mone, S., McCabe, G.P. and Thaman, C. (1988) Role of temporal and spatial precision in determining the nature of the speed-accuracy trade-off in aimed-hand movements. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance 14 (2), 221--230.

Cited By

Jiang QDeng LZhang JPengbo Y(2024)User-Centered Design Strategies for Age-Friendly Mobile News AppsSage Open10.1177/2158244024128539314:4Online publication date: 22-Oct-2024
https://doi.org/10.1177/21582440241285393
Marentakis GBalic A(2024)Situational impairment due to walking with conversational versus graphical interfacesProceedings of the 19th International Audio Mostly Conference: Explorations in Sonic Cultures10.1145/3678299.3678307(77-85)Online publication date: 18-Sep-2024
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3678299.3678307
Yarmand MChen CSherer MShah YLiu PWang BHernandez LMurphy JWeibel N(2024)Enhancing Accuracy, Time Spent, and Ubiquity in Critical Healthcare Delineation via Cross-Device ContouringProceedings of the 2024 ACM Designing Interactive Systems Conference10.1145/3643834.3660718(905-919)Online publication date: 1-Jul-2024
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3643834.3660718
Show More Cited By

Index Terms

Back-of-device interaction allows creating very small touch devices
1. Hardware
  1. Communication hardware, interfaces and storage
2. Human-centered computing
  1. Human computer interaction (HCI)
    1. Interaction devices
      1. Touch screens

Recommendations

The generalized perceived input point model and how to double touch accuracy by extracting fingerprints
CHI '10: Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems

It is generally assumed that touch input cannot be accurate because of the fat finger problem, i.e., the softness of the fingertip combined with the occlusion of the target by the finger. In this paper, we show that this is not the case. We base our ...
Design and evaluation of a layered handheld 3d display with touch-sensitive front and back
NordiCHI '14: Proceedings of the 8th Nordic Conference on Human-Computer Interaction: Fun, Fast, Foundational

Touch screens became truly pervasive through the success of smartphones and tablet PCs. Several approaches to further improve the interaction with touch screens have been proposed. In this paper we combine and extend two of these trends. We present a ...
A mobile see-through 3D display with front- and back-touch
NordiCHI '14: Proceedings of the 8th Nordic Conference on Human-Computer Interaction: Fun, Fast, Foundational

Touch screens are currently the dominant technology for facilitating input and output for mobile devices. Several directions to extend the possibilities of current touch screen technologies have been explored. In this demonstration we showcase a ...

Comments

Information & Contributors

Information

Published In

cover image ACM Conferences

CHI '09: Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems

April 2009

2426 pages

ISBN:9781605582467

DOI:10.1145/1518701

General Chairs:
Dan R. Olsen
Brigham Young University
,
Richard B. Arthur
Brigham Young University
,
Program Chairs:
Ken Hinckley
Microsoft Research
,
Meredith Ringel Morris
Microsoft Research
,
Scott Hudson
Carnegie Mellon University
,
Saul Greenberg
University of Calgary

Copyright © 2009 ACM.

Permission to make digital or hard copies of all or part of this work for personal or classroom use is granted without fee provided that copies are not made or distributed for profit or commercial advantage and that copies bear this notice and the full citation on the first page. Copyrights for components of this work owned by others than ACM must be honored. Abstracting with credit is permitted. To copy otherwise, or republish, to post on servers or to redistribute to lists, requires prior specific permission and/or a fee. Request permissions from [email protected]

Sponsors

Publisher

Association for Computing Machinery

New York, NY, United States

Publication History

Published: 04 April 2009

Permissions

Request permissions for this article.

Request Permissions

Check for updates

Author Tags

Qualifiers

Research-article

Conference

CHI '09

Sponsor:

CHI '09: CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems

April 4 - 9, 2009

MA, Boston, USA

Acceptance Rates

CHI '09 Paper Acceptance Rate 277 of 1,130 submissions, 25%;

Overall Acceptance Rate 6,199 of 26,314 submissions, 24%

Upcoming Conference

CHI '25

Sponsor:
sigchi

CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems

April 26 - May 1, 2025

Yokohama , Japan

Contributors

Other Metrics

View Article Metrics

Bibliometrics & Citations

Bibliometrics

Article Metrics

270
Total Citations
View Citations
3,733
Total Downloads

Downloads (Last 12 months)83
Downloads (Last 6 weeks)11

Reflects downloads up to 06 Nov 2024

Other Metrics

View Author Metrics

Citations

Cited By

Jiang QDeng LZhang JPengbo Y(2024)User-Centered Design Strategies for Age-Friendly Mobile News AppsSage Open10.1177/2158244024128539314:4Online publication date: 22-Oct-2024
https://doi.org/10.1177/21582440241285393
Marentakis GBalic A(2024)Situational impairment due to walking with conversational versus graphical interfacesProceedings of the 19th International Audio Mostly Conference: Explorations in Sonic Cultures10.1145/3678299.3678307(77-85)Online publication date: 18-Sep-2024
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3678299.3678307
Yarmand MChen CSherer MShah YLiu PWang BHernandez LMurphy JWeibel N(2024)Enhancing Accuracy, Time Spent, and Ubiquity in Critical Healthcare Delineation via Cross-Device ContouringProceedings of the 2024 ACM Designing Interactive Systems Conference10.1145/3643834.3660718(905-919)Online publication date: 1-Jul-2024
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3643834.3660718
Getschmann CEchtler FCiolfi LHogan TDöring TJenkins Tvan Dijk JHuron SLi ZCoyle DSigner B(2024)LensLeech: On-Lens Interaction for Arbitrary Camera DevicesProceedings of the Eighteenth International Conference on Tangible, Embedded, and Embodied Interaction10.1145/3623509.3633382(1-10)Online publication date: 11-Feb-2024
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3623509.3633382
Zuo YCao JZhou J(2024)Optimization of Touch Active Area Size Based on Click Position Bias in Older Adults’ Touchscreen InteractionHuman Aspects of IT for the Aged Population10.1007/978-3-031-61543-6_15(192-209)Online publication date: 29-Jun-2024
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1007/978-3-031-61543-6_15
Zhao CZhang L(2023)Optimized design and application research of smart interactive screen for wireless networks based on federated learningEURASIP Journal on Wireless Communications and Networking10.1186/s13638-023-02315-72023:1Online publication date: 18-Oct-2023
https://doi.org/10.1186/s13638-023-02315-7
Chulpongsatorn NWillett WSuzuki R(2023)HoloTouch: Interacting with Mixed Reality Visualizations Through Smartphone ProxiesExtended Abstracts of the 2023 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems10.1145/3544549.3585738(1-8)Online publication date: 19-Apr-2023
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3544549.3585738
Yeo HWu EKim DLee JKim HOh STakagi LWoo WKoike HQuigley A(2023)OmniSense: Exploring Novel Input Sensing and Interaction Techniques on Mobile Device with an Omni-Directional CameraProceedings of the 2023 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems10.1145/3544548.3580747(1-18)Online publication date: 19-Apr-2023
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3544548.3580747
Chen L(2023)Mobile Fighter Plane Game Manipulation: Touch-based Method vs. Camera-Based Method2023 9th International Conference on Systems and Informatics (ICSAI)10.1109/ICSAI61474.2023.10423365(1-5)Online publication date: 16-Dec-2023
https://doi.org/10.1109/ICSAI61474.2023.10423365
Son SJung JHam ALee G(2023)TouchWheel: Enabling Flick-and-Stop Interaction on the Mouse WheelInternational Journal of Human–Computer Interaction10.1080/10447318.2023.219025940:13(3539-3551)Online publication date: 20-Mar-2023
https://doi.org/10.1080/10447318.2023.2190259
Show More Cited By

View Options

Get Access

Login options

Check if you have access through your login credentials or your institution to get full access on this article.

Full Access

Get this Publication

View options

PDF

View or Download as a PDF file.

eReader

View online with eReader.

Media

Figures

Other

Tables

View Table of Contents