Abstract
Identification of protein–protein interactions often provides insight into protein function, and many cellular processes are performed by stable protein complexes. We used tandem affinity purification to process 4,562 different tagged proteins of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Each preparation was analysed by both matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization–time of flight mass spectrometry and liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry to increase coverage and accuracy. Machine learning was used to integrate the mass spectrometry scores and assign probabilities to the protein–protein interactions. Among 4,087 different proteins identified with high confidence by mass spectrometry from 2,357 successful purifications, our core data set (median precision of 0.69) comprises 7,123 protein–protein interactions involving 2,708 proteins. A Markov clustering algorithm organized these interactions into 547 protein complexes averaging 4.9 subunits per complex, about half of them absent from the MIPS database, as well as 429 additional interactions between pairs of complexes. The data (all of which are available online) will help future studies on individual proteins as well as functional genomics and systems biology.
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Acknowledgements
We thank M. Chow, N. Mohammad, C. Chung and V. Fong for their assistance with the creation of the web resources. We are grateful to J. van Helden and S. Brohée for sharing information on their comparison of clustering methods before publication. This research was supported by grants from Genome Canada and the Ontario Genomics Institute (to J.F.G. and A.E.), the Canadian Institutes of Health Research (to A.E., N.J.K., J.F.G., S.J.W., S.P. and C.J.I.), the National Cancer Institute of Canada with funds from the Canadian Cancer Society (to J.F.G.), the Howard Hughes Medical Institute (to J.S.W. and E.O.), the McLaughlin Centre for Molecular Medicine (to S.J.W. and S.P.), the Hospital for Sick Children (to J.M.P.-A.), the National Sciences and Engineering Research Council (to N.J.K., T.R.H. and A.E.) and the National Institutes of Health (to A.S., M.G., A.P. and H.Y.).
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Protein interaction information from this paper has been provided to the BioGRID database (http://thebiogrid.org), as well as the International Molecular Interaction Exchange consortium (IMEx, http://imex.sf.net) consisting of BIND, DIP, IntAct, MINT and Mpact (MIPS). Reprints and permissions information is available at npg.nature.com/reprintsandpermissions. The authors declare no competing financial interests.
Supplementary information
Supplementary Notes
This file contains Supplementary Discussion and Supplementary Methpds on generating the interaction network, visualization, and quality assessment. (PDF 124 kb)
Supplementary Figures 1–5
Supplementary Figure 1 details the co-localization of MIPS, Gavin, Ho, Core, Extended Core datasets. Supplementary Figure 2 details the semantic similarity (GO biological processes) for all. Supplementary Figure 3 details the cytoscape view indicating comparison with MIPS. Supplementary Figure 4 details the essentiality versus conservation, degree of connectivity and betweenness. Supplementary Figure 5 details the IWR1 complex data. (PDF 2567 kb)
Supplementary Figure 6
Guide to the yeast interactome database (PDF 3394 kb)
Supplementary Table Legends
This file contains a detailed text guide to the contents of the Supplementary Tables. (PDF 63 kb)
Supplementary Tables 1–3
Supplementary Table 1 is a list of all the 4562 proteins whose purification was attempted. Supplementary Table 2 is a list of all the 2357 proteins whose purification was successful. Supplementary Table 3 is a list of 4087 proteins that were identified via MS. (XLS 379 kb)
Supplementary Tables 4–6
Supplementary Table 4 is a list of 71 proteins that were identified in more than 3% of all the successful protein purifications. Supplementary Table 5 is a list of 2357 protein-protein interactions in the intersection dataset. Supplementary Table 6 is a list of 5496 protein-protein interactions in the merged dataset. (XLS 804 kb)
Supplementary Tables 7, 8 and 10
Supplementary Table 7 is a list of 7123 protein-protein interactions in the core dataset. Supplementary Table 8 is a list of 14317 protein-protein interactions in the extended dataset. Supplementary Table 10 is a list of protein complexes and their component subunits as identified by the Markov Cluster Algorithm. (TXT 6809 kb)
Supplementary Table 9
Complete list of all the putative S. cerevisiae protein-protein interactions identified in this study. (XLS 2884 kb)
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Krogan, N., Cagney, G., Yu, H. et al. Global landscape of protein complexes in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Nature 440, 637–643 (2006). https://doi.org/10.1038/nature04670
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/nature04670
