research-article

Difficulties of Measuring Culture in Privacy Studies

Authors:

Reza Ghaiumy Anaraky,

Bart KnijnenburgAuthors Info & Claims

Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction, Volume 5, Issue CSCW2

Article No.: 378, Pages 1 - 26

https://doi.org/10.1145/3479522

Published: 18 October 2021 Publication History

Abstract

This paper addresses inconsistencies that exist in the measurement instruments HCI researchers use in cross-cultural studies. We study some commonly used measurement instruments that capture cultural dimensions at an individual level and conduct "measurement invariance tests," which test whether the questions comprising a construct have similar characteristics across different groups (e.g., countries). We find that these cultural dimensions are, to some extent, non-invariant, making statistical comparisons between countries problematic. Furthermore, we study the (non)invariance of the causal relationship between these cultural dimensions and privacy-related constructs, e.g., privacy concern and the amount of information users share on social media. Our results suggest that in several instances, these cultural dimensions have a different effect on privacy-related constructs per country. This severely reduces their usefulness for developing cross-cultural arguments in cross-country studies. We discuss the value of conducting measurement and causal non-invariance tests and urge scholars to develop more robust means of measuring culture.

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Index Terms

Difficulties of Measuring Culture in Privacy Studies
1. Human-centered computing
  1. Human computer interaction (HCI)
    1. Empirical studies in HCI
2. Security and privacy
  1. Human and societal aspects of security and privacy
    1. Usability in security and privacy

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Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction Volume 5, Issue CSCW2

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October 2021

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EISSN:2573-0142

DOI:10.1145/3493286

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