skip to main content
research-article

Low space-complexity and low power semi-systolic multiplier architectures over GF(2m) based on irreducible trinomial

Published: 01 February 2016 Publication History

Abstract

Propose low power bit-serial and digit-serial semi-systolic multiplier architectures over GF(2m).Develop a new Progressive Reduction Technique (PPR).Develop affine and nonlinear task scheduling functions.Develop affine and nonlinear task projection onto processors.Provide ASIC Implementation for proposed and previously published designs. This paper proposes a three bit-serial and digit-serial semi-systolic GF(2m) multipliers using Progressive Product Reduction (PPR) technique. These architectures are obtained by converting the GF(2m) multiplication algorithm into an iterative algorithm using systematic techniques for scheduling the computational tasks and mapping them to Processing Elements (PE). Three different semi systolic arrays were obtained. ASIC implementation of the proposed designs and previously published schemes were used to verify the performance of the proposed designs. One proposed design has at least 29% lower area compared to previously published bit/digit serial multipliers. This design has also at least 70% lower power compared to previously published bit/digit serial multipliers. Another proposed design has at least 12% lower power-delay product (PDP) compared to previously published bit/digit serial multipliers. This makes the proposed designs more suited to resource-constrained embedded applications.

References

[1]
N. Koblitz, Elliptic curve cryptosys., Math. Comput., 48 (1987) 203-209.
[2]
H. Fan, Y. Dai, Fast bit parallel GF(2n) multiplier for all trinomials, IEEE Trans. Comp., 54 (2005) 485-490.
[3]
A. Reyhani-Masoleh, M. Hasan, Low complexity bit parallel architectures for polynomial basis multiplication over GIF(2m), IEEE Trans. Comp., 53 (2004) 945-959.
[4]
H. Wu, Low complexity bit-parallel multiplier for a class of finite fields, 2006.
[5]
H. Fan, M.A. Hasan, Fast bit parallel-shifted polynomial basis multipliers in GF(2n), IEEE Trans. Circ. and Sys. I. Regular Papers, 53 (2006) 2606-2615.
[6]
B. Sunar, c. Koc, Mastrovito multiplier for all trinomials, IEEE Trans. Comp., 48 (1999) 522-527.
[7]
T. Zhang, K.K. Parhi, Systematic design of original and modified mastrovito multipliers for general irreducible polynomials, IEEE Trans. Comp., 50 (2001) 734-749.
[8]
H. Wu, Bit-parallel finite field multiplier and squarer using polynomial basis, IEEE Trans. Comput., 51 (2002) 750-758.
[9]
J.L. Imana, J.M. Sànchez, F. Tirado, Bit-parallel finite field multipliers for irreducible trinomials, IEEE Trans. Comput., 55 (2006) 520-533.
[10]
W.C. Tsai, S.J. Wang, Two systolic architectures for multiplication in GF(2m), IEE Proc. Comput. Digit. Tech., 147 (2000) 375-382.
[11]
C. Yeh, I. Reed, T. Troung, Systolic multipliers for finite fields gf(2m), IEEE Trans. Comp., C-33 (1984) 357-360.
[12]
C. Wang, J. Lin, Systolic array implementation of multipliers for finite fields GF(2m), IEEE Trans. Circ. Syst., 38 (1991) 796-800.
[13]
S.K. Jain, L. Song, K.K. Parhi, Efficient semisystolic architectures for finite-field arithmetic, IEEE Trans. Very Large Scale Integrated (VLSI) Sys., 6 (1998) 101-113.
[14]
R. Katti, J. Brennan, Low complexity multiplication in finite field using ring representation, IEEE Trans. Comp.s, 52 (2003) 418-427.
[15]
S. Lee, S. Jung, C. Kim, J. Yoon, J. Koh, D. Kim, Design of bit parallel multiplier with lower time complexity, 2003.
[16]
C.-Y. Lee, C.-W. Chiou, Efficient design of low-complexity bit-parallel systolic hankel multipliers to implement multiplication in normal and dual bases of GF(2m), IEICE Trans. Fund. Elec., Comm. Comp. Sc., E88ÉA (2005) 3169-3179.
[17]
S. Kwon, A low complexity and a low latency bit parallel systolic multiplier over GF(2m) using an optimal normal basis of type ii, 2003.
[18]
C.Y. Lee, Low-latency bit-parallel systolic multiplier for irreducible x m + x n + 1 with GCD ( m, n ) = 1, IEICE Trans. Fundamental Electron., Commun. Comput. Sci., E86-A (2003) 2844-2852.
[19]
J.H. Guo, C.L. Wang, Digit-serial systolic multiplier for finite fields GF(2m), IEE Proc. Comput. Digit. Tech., 145 (1998) 143-148.
[20]
C.H. Kim, C.P. Hong, S. Kwon, A digit-serial multiplier for finite field GF(2m), IEEE Trans. Very Large Scale Integr. (VLSI) Sys., 13 (2005) 476-483.
[21]
P.K. Meher, Systolic formulation for low-complexity serial-parallel implementation of unified finite field multiplication over GF(2m), 2007.
[22]
S. Moon, J. Park, Y. Lee, Fast VLSI arithmetic algorithms for high-security elliptic curve cryptographic applications, IEEE Trans. Consum. Electron., 47 (2001) 700-708.
[23]
C.W. Chiou, L.C. Lin, F.H. Chou, S.F. Shu, Low-complexity finite field multiplier using irreducible trinomials, Electron. Letters, 39 (2003) 1709-1711.
[24]
L. Song, K.K. Parhi, Low-energy digit-serial/parallel finite field multipliers, J. VLSI Digit. Process., 19 (1998) 149-166.
[25]
W. Tang, H. Wu, M. Ahmadi, VLSI implementation of bit-parallel word-serial multiplier in GF(2233), 2005.
[26]
C.H. Kim, S. Kwon, C.P. Hong, A fast digit-serial systolic multiplier for finite field GF(2m), 2005.
[27]
M.A. Garca Martnez, R. Posada-Gomez, G. Morales-Luna, F. Rodrguez Henriquez, FPGA implementation of an efficient multiplier over finite fields GF(2m), 2005.
[28]
P. Meher, Systolic and super systolic multipliers for finite field GF(2m) based on irreducible trinomials, IEEE Trans. on Circ. and Sys. - 1, 55 (2008) 1031-1040.
[29]
S. Kung, Prentice-Hall, Englewood Cliffs, N.J., 1988.
[30]
F. Gebali, John Wiley, New York, 2011.
[31]
N.I.o. Standards, T. (NIST), Recommended elliptic curves for federal government use, appendix to FIPS 186-2, 2000.
[32]
P.K. Meher, On efficient implementation of accumulation in finite field over gf(2m) and its applications, IEEE Trans. VLSI Sys., 17 (2009) 541-550.
[33]
J.S. Pan, C.Y. Lee, P.K. Meher, Low-latency digit-serial and digit-parallel systolic multipliers for large binary extension fields, IEEE Trans. Circ. Sys.-I: Regular Papers, 60 (2013) 3195-3204.
[34]
Y.Y. Hua, J.M. Lin, C.W. Chiou, C.Y. Lee, Y.H. Liu, Low space-complexity digit-serial dual basis systolic multiplier over gf(2m) using hankel matrix and karatsuba algorithm, IET Inf. Security, 7 (2013) 75-86.

Cited By

View all
  1. Low space-complexity and low power semi-systolic multiplier architectures over GF(2m) based on irreducible trinomial

    Recommendations

    Comments

    Information & Contributors

    Information

    Published In

    cover image Microprocessors & Microsystems
    Microprocessors & Microsystems  Volume 40, Issue C
    February 2016
    190 pages

    Publisher

    Elsevier Science Publishers B. V.

    Netherlands

    Publication History

    Published: 01 February 2016

    Author Tags

    1. Finite field multiplication
    2. Parallel architectures
    3. Pipeline processing
    4. Systolic arrays
    5. Trinomial multiplier
    6. VLSI

    Qualifiers

    • Research-article

    Contributors

    Other Metrics

    Bibliometrics & Citations

    Bibliometrics

    Article Metrics

    • Downloads (Last 12 months)0
    • Downloads (Last 6 weeks)0
    Reflects downloads up to 29 Jan 2025

    Other Metrics

    Citations

    Cited By

    View all

    View Options

    View options

    Figures

    Tables

    Media

    Share

    Share

    Share this Publication link

    Share on social media