Google is building an on-device surface that organizes users' apps by verticals and enables a new immersive experience for personalized app content consumption and discovery. This full screen experience provides developer partners an opportunity to showcase their best rich content in a dedicated channel outside of their app.
This document contains instructions for developer partners to integrate their social content using the Engage SDK to populate this new surface area.
Integration detail
The following section captures the integration detail.
Terminology
Recommendation clusters show personalized suggestions from an individual developer partner.
Your recommendations take the following structure:
Recommendation Cluster: UI view that contains a group of recommendations from the same developer partner.
Each Recommendation Cluster consists of one of the following two types of entities :
- PortraitMediaEntity
- SocialPostEntity
PortraitMediaEntity must contain 1 portrait image for the post. Profile and Interaction related metadata are optional.
Post
- Image in portrait mode and Timestamp, or
- Image in portrait mode + text content and Timestamp
Profile
- Avatar, Name or Handle, Additional image
Interactions
- Count and label only, or
- Count and visual (icon)
SocialPostEntity contains profile, post and interaction related metadata.
Profile
- Avatar, Name or Handle, additional text, additional image
Post
- Text and Timestamp, or
- Rich media (image or rich URL) and Timestamp, or
- Text and rich media (image or rich URL) and Timestamp, or
- Video preview (thumbnail and duration) and Timestamp
Interactions
- Count & label only, or
- Count & visual (icon)
Pre-work
Minimum API level: 19
Add the com.google.android.engage:engage-core
library to your app:
dependencies {
// Make sure you also include that repository in your project's build.gradle file.
implementation 'com.google.android.engage:engage-core:1.5.2'
}
Summary
The design is based on an implementation of a bound service.
The data a client can publish is subject to the following limits for different cluster types:
Cluster type | Cluster limits | Minimum entity limits in a cluster | Maximum entity limits in a cluster |
---|---|---|---|
Recommendation Cluster(s) | At most 5 | At least 5 (PortraitMediaEntity , or
SocialPostEntity ) |
At most 25 (PortraitMediaEntity , or
SocialPostEntity ) |
Step 1: Provide entity data
The SDK has defined different entities to represent each item type. The SDK supports the following entities for the Social category:
PortraitMediaEntity
SocialPostEntity
The charts below outline available attributes and requirements for each type.
PortraitMediaEntity
Attribute | Requirement | Description | Format |
---|---|---|---|
Action URI | Required |
Deep Link to the entity in the provider app. Note: You can use deep links for attribution. Refer to this FAQ |
URI |
Post related metadata (Required) | |||
Image(s) | Required |
Image(s) should be in portrait aspect ratio. The UI may show only 1 image when multiple images are provided. However, the UI may provide visual indication that there are more images in the app. If the post is a video, the provider should provide a thumbnail of the video to be shown as an image. |
See Image Specifications for guidance. |
Text content | Optional | The main text of a post, update, etc. | String (recommended max 140 chars) |
Timestamp | Optional | Time when the post was published. | Epoch timestamp in milliseconds |
Is video content | Optional | Is the post a video? | boolean |
Video duration | Optional | The duration of the video in milliseconds. | Long |
Profile related metadata (Optional) | |||
Name | Required | Profile name or id or handle, eg "John Doe", "@TeamPixel" | String(recommended max 25 chars) |
Avatar | Required |
Profile picture or avatar image of the user. Square 1:1 image |
See Image Specifications for guidance. |
Additional Image | Optional |
Profile badge. for example - verified badge Square 1:1 image |
See Image Specifications for guidance. |
Interactions related metadata (Optional) | |||
Count | Optional |
Indicate the number of interactions, for example - "3.7 M.". Note: If both Count and Count Value are provided, Count will be used |
String Recommended text size: Max 20 chars for count + label combined |
Count Value | Optional | The number of interactions as a value. Note: Provide Count Value instead of Count if your app doesn't handle logic on how a large number should be optimized for different display sizes. If both Count and Count Value are provided, Count is used. |
Long |
Label | Optional | Indicate what the interaction label is for. For example - "Likes". | String Recommended text size: Max 20 chars for count + label combined |
Visual | Optional |
Indicate what the interaction is for. For example - Image showing Likes icon, emoji. Can provide more than 1 image, though not all may not be shown on all form factors. Note: Must be Square 1:1 image |
See Image Specifications for guidance. |
DisplayTimeWindow (Optional) - Set a time window for a content to be shown on the surface | |||
Start Timestamp | Optional |
The epoch timestamp after which the content should be shown on the surface. If not set, content is eligible to be shown on the surface. |
Epoch timestamp in milliseconds |
End Timestamp | Optional |
The epoch timestamp after which the content is no longer shown on the surface. If not set, content is eligible to be shown on the surface. |
Epoch timestamp in milliseconds |
SocialPostEntity
Attribute | Requirement | Description | Format |
---|---|---|---|
Action URI | Required |
Deep Link to the entity in the provider app. Note: You can use deep links for attribution. Refer to this FAQ |
URI |
Post related metadata (Required) At least one of TextContent, Image or WebContent is required |
|||
Image(s) | Optional |
Image(s) should be in portrait aspect ratio. The UI may show only 1 image when multiple images are provided. However, the UI may provide visual indication that there are more images in the app. If the post is a video, the provider should provide a thumbnail of the video to be shown as an image. |
See Image Specifications for guidance. |
Text content | Optional | The main text of a post, update, etc. | String (recommended max 140 chars) |
Video Content (Optional) | |||
Duration | Required | The duration of the video in milliseconds. | Long |
Image | Required | Preview image of the video content. | See Image Specifications for guidance. |
Link Preview (Optional) | |||
Link Preview - Title | Required | Text to indicate the title of the web page content | String |
Link Preview - Hostname | Required | Text to indicate the web page owner, eg "INSIDER" | String |
Link Preview - Image | Optional | Hero image for the web content | See Image Specifications for guidance. |
Timestamp | Optional | Time when the post was published. | Epoch timestamp in milliseconds |
Profile related metadata (Optional) | |||
Name | Required | Profile name or id or handle, eg "John Doe", "@TeamPixel." | String(recommended max 25 chars) |
Additional Text | Optional |
Could be used as profile id or handle or additional metadata For example "@John-Doe", "5M followers", "You might like", "Trending", "5 new posts" |
String(recommended max 40 chars) |
Avatar | Required |
Profile picture or avatar image of the user. Square 1:1 image |
See Image Specifications for guidance. |
Additional Image | Optional |
Profile badge, for example - verified badge Square 1:1 image |
See Image Specifications for guidance. |
Interactions related metadata (Optional) | |||
Count | Required | Indicate the number of interactions, for example - "3.7 M." | String (recommended max 20 chars for count + label combined) |
Label |
Optional If not provided, Visual must be provided. |
Indicate what the interaction is for. For example - "Likes." | String (recommended max 20 chars for count + label combined) |
Visual |
Optional If not provided, Label must be provided. |
Indicate what the interaction is for. For example - Image showing Likes icon, emoji. Can provide more than 1 image, though not all may not be shown on all form factors. Square 1:1 image |
See Image Specifications for guidance. |
DisplayTimeWindow (Optional) - Set a time window for a content to be shown on the surface | |||
Start Timestamp | Optional |
The epoch timestamp after which the content should be shown on the surface. If not set, content is eligible to be shown on the surface. |
Epoch timestamp in milliseconds |
End Timestamp | Optional |
The epoch timestamp after which the content is no longer shown on the surface. If not set, content is eligible to be shown on the surface. |
Epoch timestamp in milliseconds |
Image specifications
The images are required to be hosted on public CDNs so that Google can access them.
File formats
PNG, JPG, static GIF, WebP
Maximum file size
5120 KB
Additional recommendations
- Image safe area: Put your important content in the center 80% of the image.
- Use a transparent background so that the image can be properly displayed in Dark and Light theme settings.
Step 2: Provide Cluster data
It is recommended to have the content publish job executed in the background (for example, using WorkManager) and scheduled on a regular basis or on an event basis (for example, every time the user opens the app or when the user just followed a new account)
AppEngageSocialClient
is responsible for publishing social clusters.
There are following APIs to publish clusters in the client:
isServiceAvailable
publishRecommendationClusters
publishUserAccountManagementRequest
updatePublishStatus
deleteRecommendationsClusters
deleteUserManagementCluster
deleteClusters
isServiceAvailable
This API is used to check if the service is available for integration and whether the content can be presented on the device.
Kotlin
client.isServiceAvailable.addOnCompleteListener { task -> if (task.isSuccessful) { // Handle IPC call success if(task.result) { // Service is available on the device, proceed with content // publish calls. } else { // Service is not available, no further action is needed. } } else { // The IPC call itself fails, proceed with error handling logic here, // such as retry. } }
Java
client.isServiceAvailable().addOnCompleteListener(task - > { if (task.isSuccessful()) { // Handle success if(task.getResult()) { // Service is available on the device, proceed with content // publish calls. } else { // Service is not available, no further action is needed. } } else { // The IPC call itself fails, proceed with error handling logic here, // such as retry. } });
publishRecommendationClusters
This API is used to publish a list RecommendationCluster
objects.
A RecommendationCluster
object can have the following attributes:
Attribute | Requirement | Description |
---|---|---|
List of SocialPostEntity, or PortraitMediaEntity | Required | A list of entities that make up the recommendations for this Recommendation Cluster. Entities in a single cluster must be of the same type. |
Title | Required | The title for the Recommendation Cluster (for example, Latest from your friends). Recommended text size: under 25 chars (Text that is too long may show ellipses) |
Subtitle | Optional | The subtitle for the Recommendation Cluster. |
Action Uri | Optional |
The deep link to the page in the partner app where users can see the complete list of recommendations. Note: You can use deep links for attribution. Refer to this FAQ |
Kotlin
client.publishRecommendationClusters( PublishRecommendationClustersRequest.Builder() .addRecommendationCluster( RecommendationCluster.Builder() .addEntity(entity1) .addEntity(entity2) .setTitle("Latest from your friends") .build()) .build())
Java
client.publishRecommendationClusters( new PublishRecommendationClustersRequest.Builder() .addRecommendationCluster( new RecommendationCluster.Builder() .addEntity(entity1) .addEntity(entity2) .setTitle("Latest from your friends") .build()) .build());
When the service receives the request, the following actions take place within one transaction:
- All existing Recommendation Cluster data is removed.
- Data from the request is parsed and stored in new Recommendation Clusters.
In case of an error, the entire request is rejected and the existing state is maintained.
publishUserAccountManagementRequest
This API is used to publish a Sign In card . The signin action directs users to the app's sign in page so that the app can publish content (or provide more personalized content)
The following metadata is part of the Sign In Card -
Attribute | Requirement | Description |
---|---|---|
Action Uri | Required | Deeplink to Action (i.e. navigates to app sign in page) |
Image | Optional - If not provided, Title must be provided |
Image Shown on the Card 16x9 aspect ratio images with a resolution of 1264x712 |
Title | Optional - If not provided, Image must be provided | Title on the Card |
Action Text | Optional | Text Shown on the CTA (i.e. Sign in) |
Subtitle | Optional | Optional Subtitle on the Card |
Kotlin
var SIGN_IN_CARD_ENTITY = SignInCardEntity.Builder() .addPosterImage( Image.Builder() .setImageUri(Uri.parse("http://www.x.com/image.png")) .setImageHeightInPixel(500) .setImageWidthInPixel(500) .build()) .setActionText("Sign In") .setActionUri(Uri.parse("http://xx.com/signin")) .build() client.publishUserAccountManagementRequest( PublishUserAccountManagementRequest.Builder() .setSignInCardEntity(SIGN_IN_CARD_ENTITY) .build());
Java
SignInCardEntity SIGN_IN_CARD_ENTITY = new SignInCardEntity.Builder() .addPosterImage( new Image.Builder() .setImageUri(Uri.parse("http://www.x.com/image.png")) .setImageHeightInPixel(500) .setImageWidthInPixel(500) .build()) .setActionText("Sign In") .setActionUri(Uri.parse("http://xx.com/signin")) .build(); client.publishUserAccountManagementRequest( new PublishUserAccountManagementRequest.Builder() .setSignInCardEntity(SIGN_IN_CARD_ENTITY) .build());
When the service receives the request, the following actions take place within one transaction:
- Existing
UserAccountManagementCluster
data from the developer partner is removed. - Data from the request is parsed and stored in the updated UserAccountManagementCluster Cluster.
In case of an error, the entire request is rejected and the existing state is maintained.
updatePublishStatus
If for any internal business reason, none of the clusters is published, we strongly recommend updating the publish status using the updatePublishStatus API. This is important because :
- Providing the status in all scenarios, even when the content is published (STATUS == PUBLISHED), is critical to populate dashboards that use this explicit status to convey the health and other metrics of your integration.
- If no content is published but the integration status isn't broken (STATUS == NOT_PUBLISHED), Google can avoid triggering alerts in the app health dashboards. It confirms that content is not published due to an expected situation from the provider's standpoint.
- It helps developers provide insights into when the data is published versus not.
- Google may use the status codes to nudge the user to do certain actions in the app so they can see the app content or overcome it.
The list of eligible publish status codes are :
// Content is published
AppEngagePublishStatusCode.PUBLISHED,
// Content is not published as user is not signed in
AppEngagePublishStatusCode.NOT_PUBLISHED_REQUIRES_SIGN_IN,
// Content is not published as user is not subscribed
AppEngagePublishStatusCode.NOT_PUBLISHED_REQUIRES_SUBSCRIPTION,
// Content is not published as user location is ineligible
AppEngagePublishStatusCode.NOT_PUBLISHED_INELIGIBLE_LOCATION,
// Content is not published as there is no eligible content
AppEngagePublishStatusCode.NOT_PUBLISHED_NO_ELIGIBLE_CONTENT,
// Content is not published as the feature is disabled by the client
// Available in v1.3.1
AppEngagePublishStatusCode.NOT_PUBLISHED_FEATURE_DISABLED_BY_CLIENT,
// Content is not published as the feature due to a client error
// Available in v1.3.1
AppEngagePublishStatusCode.NOT_PUBLISHED_CLIENT_ERROR,
// Content is not published as the feature due to a service error
// Available in v1.3.1
AppEngagePublishStatusCode.NOT_PUBLISHED_SERVICE_ERROR,
// Content is not published due to some other reason
// Reach out to engage-developers@ before using this enum.
AppEngagePublishStatusCode.NOT_PUBLISHED_OTHER
If the content is not published due to a user not logged in, Google would recommend publishing the Sign In Card. If for any reason providers are not able to publish the Sign In Card then we recommend calling the updatePublishStatus API with the status code NOT_PUBLISHED_REQUIRES_SIGN_IN
Kotlin
client.updatePublishStatus( PublishStatusRequest.Builder() .setStatusCode(AppEngagePublishStatusCode.NOT_PUBLISHED_REQUIRES_SIGN_IN) .build())
Java
client.updatePublishStatus( new PublishStatusRequest.Builder() .setStatusCode(AppEngagePublishStatusCode.NOT_PUBLISHED_REQUIRES_SIGN_IN) .build());
deleteRecommendationClusters
This API is used to delete the content of Recommendation Clusters.
Kotlin
client.deleteRecommendationClusters()
Java
client.deleteRecommendationClusters();
When the service receives the request, it removes the existing data from the Recommendation Clusters. In case of an error, the entire request is rejected and the existing state is maintained.
deleteUserManagementCluster
This API is used to delete the content of UserAccountManagement Cluster.
Kotlin
client.deleteUserManagementCluster()
Java
client.deleteUserManagementCluster();
When the service receives the request, it removes the existing data from the UserAccountManagement Cluster. In case of an error, the entire request is rejected and the existing state is maintained.
deleteClusters
This API is used to delete the content of a given cluster type.
Kotlin
client.deleteClusters( DeleteClustersRequest.Builder() .addClusterType(ClusterType.TYPE_RECOMMENDATION) ... .build())
Java
client.deleteClusters( new DeleteClustersRequest.Builder() .addClusterType(ClusterType.TYPE_RECOMMENDATION) ... .build());
When the service receives the request, it removes the existing data from all clusters matching the specified cluster types. Clients can choose to pass one or many cluster types. In case of an error, the entire request is rejected and the existing state is maintained.
Error handling
It is highly recommended to listen to the task result from the publish APIs such that a follow-up action can be taken to recover and resubmit an successful task.
client.publishRecommendationClusters(
new PublishRecommendationClustersRequest.Builder()
.addRecommendationCluster(...)
.build())
.addOnCompleteListener(
task -> {
if (task.isSuccessful()) {
// do something
} else {
Exception exception = task.getException();
if (exception instanceof AppEngageException) {
@AppEngageErrorCode
int errorCode = ((AppEngageException) exception).getErrorCode();
if (errorCode == AppEngageErrorCode.SERVICE_NOT_FOUND) {
// do something
}
}
}
});
The error is returned as an AppEngageException
with the cause included as an
error code.
Error code | Note |
---|---|
SERVICE_NOT_FOUND |
The service is not available on the given device. |
SERVICE_NOT_AVAILABLE |
The service is available on the given device, but it is not available at the time of the call (for example, it is explicitly disabled). |
SERVICE_CALL_EXECUTION_FAILURE |
The task execution failed due to threading issues. In this case, it can be retried. |
SERVICE_CALL_PERMISSION_DENIED |
The caller is not allowed to make the service call. |
SERVICE_CALL_INVALID_ARGUMENT |
The request contains invalid data (for example, more than the allowed number of clusters). |
SERVICE_CALL_INTERNAL |
There is an error on the service side. |
SERVICE_CALL_RESOURCE_EXHAUSTED |
The service call is made too frequently. |
Step 3: Handle broadcast intents
In addition to making publish content API calls through a job, it is also
required to set up a
BroadcastReceiver
to receive
the request for a content publish.
The goal of broadcast intents is mainly for app reactivation and forcing data sync. Broadcast intents are not designed to be sent very frequently. It is only triggered when the Engage Service determines the content might be stale (for example, a week old). That way, there is more confidence that the user can have a fresh content experience, even if the application has not been executed for a long period of time.
The BroadcastReceiver
must be set up in the following two ways:
- Dynamically register an instance of the
BroadcastReceiver
class usingContext.registerReceiver()
. This enables communication from applications that are still live in memory.
class AppEngageBroadcastReceiver extends BroadcastReceiver {
// Trigger recommendation cluster publish when PUBLISH_RECOMMENDATION broadcast
// is received
}
public static void registerBroadcastReceivers(Context context) {
context = context.getApplicationContext();
// Register Recommendation Cluster Publish Intent
context.registerReceiver(new AppEngageBroadcastReceiver(),
new IntentFilter(com.google.android.engage.service.Intents.ACTION_PUBLISH_RECOMMENDATION));
}
- Statically declare an implementation with the
<receiver>
tag in yourAndroidManifest.xml
file. This allows the application to receive broadcast intents when it is not running, and also allows the application to publish the content.
<application>
<receiver
android:name=".AppEngageBroadcastReceiver"
android:exported="true"
android:enabled="true">
<intent-filter>
<action android:name="com.google.android.engage.action.PUBLISH_RECOMMENDATION" />
</intent-filter>
</receiver>
</application>
The following intents will be sent by the service:
com.google.android.engage.action.PUBLISH_RECOMMENDATION
It is recommended to start apublishRecommendationClusters
call when receiving this intent.
Integration workflow
For a step-by-step guide on verifying your integration after it is complete, see Engage developer integration workflow.
FAQs
See Engage SDK Frequently Asked Questions for FAQs.
Contact
Contact [email protected] if there are any questions during the integration process. Our team will reply as soon as possible.
Next steps
After completing this integration, your next steps are as follows:
- Send an email to [email protected] and attach your integrated APK that is ready for testing by Google.
- Google performs a verification and reviews internally to make sure the integration works as expected. If changes are needed, Google contacts you with any necessary details.
- When testing is complete and no changes are needed, Google contacts you to notify you that you can start publishing the updated and integrated APK to the Play Store.
- After Google has confirmed that your updated APK has been published to the Play Store, your Recommendation, clusters will be published and visible to users.