Communications of the ACM (CACM), Volume 40, 1997

Volume 40, Number 1, January 1997

From Washington

• 
  Neil Munro:
  If It Grows, Tax It. 11-13

Practical Programmer

• 
  Robert L. Glass:
  The Next Date Crisis and the Ones After That. 15-17

On Site

• 
  Robert Fox:
  Tomorrow's Library Today. 20-21

Cover Story

• 
  Alex Peleg, Sam Wilkie, Uri C. Weiser:
  Intel MMX for Multimedia PCs. 24-38

Articles

• 
  Andrew S. Grimshaw, William A. Wulf:
  The Legion Vision of a Worldwide Computer. 39-45
• 
  Carey Nachenberg:
  Computer Virus-Antivirus Coevolution. 46-51
• 
  Daniel E. O'Leary, Daniel Kuokka, Robert Plant:
  Artificial Intelligence and Virtual Organizations. 52-59
• 
  Deborah G. Johnson:
  Ethics Online: Shaping Social Behavior Online Takes More THan New Laws and Modified Edicts. Commun. ACM 40(1): 60-65 (1997)

High-Assurance Systems

• 
  Sourav Bhattacharya, Akira K. Onoma, Farokh B. Bastani:
  High-Assurance Systems (Introduction to the Special Section). Commun. ACM 40(1): 67 (1997)
• 
  Nuno Neves, W. Kent Fuchs:
  Adaptive Recovery for Mobile Environments. 68-74
• 
  K. H. Kim, Chittur Subbaraman:
  Fault-Tolerant Real-Time Objects. 75-82
• 
  Jeffrey J. P. Tsai, Bing Li, Eric Y. T. Juan:
  Parallel Evaluation of Software Architecture Specifications. 83-86
• 
  David B. Stewart, Pradeep K. Khosla:
  Mechanisms for Detecting and Handling Timing Errors. 87-93

Inside Risks

• 
  Bruce Schneier:
  Cryptography, Security, and the Future. 138

Volume 40, Number 2, February 1997

Personal Computing

• 
  Larry Press:
  Technology in Bloom: Implications for the Next 50 Years. 11-17

Digital Village

• 
  Hal Berghel:
  Cyberspace 2000: Dealing with Information Overload. 19-24

Special Anniversary Issue: The Next 50 Years
The Human Connection

• 
  Gordon Bell:
  The Body Electric. 30-32
• 
  Tim O'Reilly:
  Hardware, Software, and Infoware. 33-34
• 
  Esther Dyson:
  Education and Jobs in the Digital World. 35-36
• 
  W. Daniel Hillis:
  A Time of Transition. 37-39
• 
  Joel S. Birnbaum:
  Pervasive Information Systems. 40-41
• 
  Marc Davis:
  Garage Cinema and the Future of Media Technology. 42-48
• 
  Dennis Tsichritzis:
  How to Surf the Technology Waves We Created. 49-54
• 
  Jaron Lanier:
  The Frontier Between Us. 55-56
• 
  Tim Berners-Lee:
  World-Wide Computer. 57-58
• 
  Ben Shneiderman:
  Between Hope and Fear. 59-62
• 
  Andries van Dam:
  Post-WIMP User Interfaces. 63-67

Social Dimensions

• 
  John Perry Barlow:
  The Best of All Possible Worlds. 68-74
• 
  Brock N. Meeks:
  Better Democracy Through Technology. 75-78
• 
  Bruce Sterling:
  The Digital Revolution in Retrospect. 79
• 
  Steve Talbott:
  Asleep at the Keyboard. 80-82
• 
  Jerry Berman, Daniel J. Weitzner:
  Directing Policy-Making Beyond the Net's Metaphor. 83-84
• 
  Richard M. Stallman:
  The Right to Read. 85-87
• 
  Ted Selker:
  What Will Happen in the Next 50 Years? 88-89
• 
  Theodor Holm Nelson:
  Crush and Crash: Logic of a Terrible Tomorrow. 90-91

The Science of Future Technology

• 
  Paul Saffo:
  Sensors: The Next Wave of Innovation. 92-97
• 
  Jef Raskin:
  Looking for a Humane Interface: Will Computers Ever Become Easy to Use? 98-101
• 
  Barry M. Leiner, Vinton G. Cerf, David D. Clark, Robert E. Kahn, Leonard Kleinrock, Daniel C. Lynch, Jonathan B. Postel, Lawrence G. Roberts, Stephen S. Wolff:
  The Past and Future History of the Internet. 102-108
• 
  William A. Wulf:
  Look in the Spaces for Tomorrow's Innovations. 109-111
• 
  Gordon E. Moore:
  The Microprocessor: Engine of the Technology Revolution. 112-114
• 
  Nabil R. Adam, Baruch Awerbuch, Jacob Slonim, Peter Wegner, Yelena Yesha:
  Globalizing Business, Education, Culture Through the Internet. 115-121
• 
  Charlie Rosen:
  My Computer-Related Wish List for the Next 50 Years. 122-124
• 
  Sachem Web Slingers:
  Spinning Webs into the 21st Contury. 125-128
• 
  Nancy G. Leveson:
  Software Engineering: Stretching the Limits of Complexity. 129-131
• 
  Peter J. Denning:
  A New Social Contract for Research. 132-134
• 
  David J. Farber:
  Communications Technology and its Impact by 2010. 135-138
• 
  Henry F. Korth, Abraham Silberschatz:
  Database Research Faces the Information Explosion. 139-142

Inside Risks

• 
  Peter G. Neumann:
  Hopes for Fewer Risks? 170

Volume 40, Number 3, March 1997

International Perspectives

• 
  Seán O'Riain:
  The Birth of a Celtic Tiger. 11-16

Sharing Standards

• 
  Roy Rada, James W. Moore:
  Standardizing Reuse. 19-23

On Site

• 
  Carl Friedlander:
  Speech Facilities for the Reading Disabled. 24-25

Articles

• 
  Randall D. Beer, Roger D. Quinn, Hillel J. Chiel, Roy E. Ritzmann:
  Biologically Inspired Approaches to Robotics. 30-38
• 
  Milton Mueller:
  Universal Service and the Telecommunications Act: Myth Made Law. 39-47
• 
  Daniel G. Aliaga:
  Virtual Objects in the Real World. 49-54

Recommender Systems

• 
  Paul Resnick, Hal R. Varian:
  Recommender Systems - Introduction to the Special Section. 56-58
• 
  Loren G. Terveen, William C. Hill, Brian Amento, David W. McDonald, Josh Creter:
  Phoaks: A System for Sharing Recommendations. 59-62
• 
  Henry A. Kautz, Bart Selman, Mehul A. Shah:
  Referral Web: Combining Social Networks and Collaborative Filtering. 63-65
• 
  Marko Balabanovic, Yoav Shoham:
  Content-Based, Collaborative Recommendation. 66-72
• 
  James Rucker, Marcos J. Polanco:
  Siteseer: Personalized Navigation for the Web. 73-75
• 
  Joseph A. Konstan, Bradley N. Miller, David A. Maltz, Jonathan L. Herlocker, Lee R. Gordon, John Riedl:
  GroupLens: Applying Collaborative Filtering to Usenet News. 77-87
• 
  Christopher Avery, Richard Zeckhauser:
  Recommender Systems for Evaluating Computer Messages. 88-89

Technical Opinion

• 
  Adamantios Koumpis:
  Situation Room Analysis in the Information Technologies Market. 90-92

Inside Risks

• 
  Richard I. Cook:
  Observations on RISKS and Risks. 122

Volume 40, Number 4, April 1997

Digital Village

• 
  Hal Berghel:
  Email - The Good, The Bad, and the Ugly. 11-15

Practical Programmer

• 
  Robert L. Glass:
  The Ups and Downs of Programmer Stress. 17-19

Viepoint

• 
  Richard C. Hsu:
  Taking Stock for University Patents. 23-25

The Debugging Scandal and What to Do About It

• 
  Henry Lieberman:
  The Debugging Scandal and What to Do About It (Introduction to the Special Section). Commun. ACM 40(4): 26-29 (1997)
• 
  Marc Eisenstadt:
  My Hairiest Bug War Stories. 30-37
• 
  David M. Ungar, Henry Lieberman, Christopher Fry:
  Debugging and the Experience of Immediacy. 38-43
• 
  Ronald Baecker, Chris DiGiano, Aaron Marcus:
  Software Visualization for Debugging. 44-54
• 
  Christopher Fry:
  Programming on an Already Full Brain. 55-64
• 
  John Domingue, Paul Mulholland:
  Fostering Debugging Communities on the Web. 65-71
• 
  Randall B. Smith, Mario Wolczko, David M. Ungar:
  From Kansas to Oz. 72-78

Articles

• 
  Jim Gemmell, Gordon Bell:
  Noncollaborative Telepresentations Come of Age. 79-89
• 
  Don Hardaway, Richard P. Will:
  Digital Multimedia Offers Key to Educational Reform. 90-96
• 
  James E. Katz, Philip Aspden:
  Motives, Hurdles, and Dropouts. 97-106
• 
  Shashi Shekhar, Mark Coyle, Brajesh Goyal, Duen-Ren Liu, Shyamsundar Sarkar:
  Data Models in Geographic Information Systems. 103-111

Inside Risks

• 
  Edward W. Felten:
  Webware Security. 130

Volume 40, Number 5, May 1997

Log on Education

• 
  Elliot Soloway, Raven Wallace:
  Does the Internet Support Student Inquiry? Don't Ask. 11-16

Legally Speaking

• 
  Pamela Samuelson:
  The Never-Ending Struggle for Balance. 17-21

Viewpoint

• 
  Abbe Mowshowitz:
  Lessons From a Cautionary Tale. 23-25

Dynamic Object Technology

• 
  Robert Laddaga, James Veitch:
  Dynamic Object Technology - Introduction. 36-28
• 
  Paul Robertson:
  Integrating Legacy Systems with Modern Corgorate Applications. 39-46
• 
  Daniel D. Corkill:
  Countdown to Success: Dynamic Objects, GBB, and RADARSAT-1. 48-58
• 
  Robert E. Phillips:
  Dynamic Objects for Engineering Automation. 56-65
• 
  Byron Davies, Victoria Bryan Davies:
  Patching onto the Web: Common Lisp Hypermedia for the Intranet. 66-69

Articles

• 
  Amarnath Gupta, Ramesh C. Jain:
  Visual Information Retrieval. 70-79
• 
  Peter Wegner:
  Why Interaction Is More Powerful Than Algorithms. 80-91
• 
  Rolf Oppliger:
  Internet Security: Firewalls and Beyond. 92-102
• 
  Diane M. Strong, Yang W. Lee, Richard Y. Wang:
  Data Quality in Context. 103-110

Inside Risks

• 
  Peter G. Neumann:
  The Big Picture. 136

Volume 40, Number 6, June 1997

Practical Programmer

• 
  Robert L. Glass:
  Revisiting the Industry/Academe Communication Chasm. 11-13

From Washington

• 
  Neil Munro:
  The Magnetic Poles of Data Collections. 17-19

On Site

• 
  Jeff Kraus:
  Counting Furtive Beasts By Computer: Where have all the Rhinos Gone? 20-23

The Quality Approach: Is It Delivering?

• 
  Christopher J. Fox, William B. Frakes:
  The Quality Approach: Is It Delivering? - Introduction. 24-29
• 
  James D. Herbsleb, David Zubrow, Dennis R. Goldenson, Will Hayes, Mark C. Paulk:
  Software Quality and the Capability Maturity Model. 30-40
• 
  Craig Hollenbach, Ralph Young, Al Pflugrad, Doug Smith:
  Combining Quality and Software Improvement. 41-45
• 
  Lowell Jay Arthur:
  Quantum Improvements In Software System Quality. 46-52

Articles

• 
  Michael A. Cusumano, Richard W. Selby:
  How Microsoft Builds Software. 53-61
• 
  Jeffrey Parsons, Yair Wand:
  Choosing Classes In Conceptual Modeling. 63-69
• 
  Soumitra Dutta, Berend Wierenga, Arco Dalebout:
  Designing Management support Systems Using an Integrative Perspective. 70-79
• 
  Bo Dahlbom, Lars Mathiassen:
  The Future of Our Profession. 80-89

Technical Opinion

• 
  David H. Bailey:
  Onward to Petaflops Computing. 90-92

Inside Risks

• 
  Peter G. Neumann, Lauren Weinstein:
  Spam, Spam, Spam! 112

Volume 40, Number 7, July 1997

Digital Village

• 
  Hal Berghel:
  Informal Logic on Both Sides of the CDA Debate. 11-15

Personal Computing

• 
  Larry Press:
  Toward an Access Rights Policy. 17-21

Viewpoint

• 
  Talin:
  The Power of Negative Thinking. 25-27

ACM Digital Library

• 
  Peter J. Denning:
  The ACM Digital Library Goes Live. 28-29

Electronic Performance Support Systems

• 
  Olivier Fischer, Richard Horn:
  Electronic Performance Support Systems - Introduction. 31-32
• 
  John Karat:
  Evolving the Scope of User-Centered Design. 33-38
• 
  Michel C. Desmarais, Richard Leclair, Jean-Yves Fiset, Hichem Talbi:
  Cost-Justifying Electronic Performance Support Systems. 39-48
• 
  Kevin Cole, Olivier Fischer, Phyllis Saltzman:
  Just-in-Time Knowledge Delivery. 49-53
• 
  Gloria Gery:
  Granting Three Wishes through Performance-Centered Design. 54-59
• 
  Shelia Benko, Shelley Webster:
  Preparing For EPSS Projects. 60-63

Articles

• 
  Samir Chatterjee:
  Requirements For Success In Gigabit Networking. 64-73
• 
  Andrew S. Patrick:
  Media Lessons from the National Capital FreeNet. 74-80
• 
  Jesper Simonsen, Finn Kensing:
  Using Ethnography In Contextual Design. 82-88
• 
  Arun Rai, Ravi Patnayakuni, Nainika Patnayakuni:
  Technology Investment and Business Performance. 89-97

Technical Opinion

• 
  Domenico Talia:
  Parallel Computing Still Not Ready for the Mainstream. 98-99

Inside Risks

• 
  Peter G. Neumann:
  Identity-Ralated Misuse. 112

Volume 40, Number 8, August 1997

From Washington

• 
  Brock N. Meeks:
  Privacy Lost, Anytime, Anywhere. 11-13

International Perspectives

• 
  William Foster, Anthony M. Rutkowski, Seymour E. Goodman:
  Who Governs the Internet? 15-20

Viewpoint

• 
  Yasser Seirawan, Herbert A. Simon, Toshinori Munakata:
  The Implications of Kasparov vs. Deep Blue. 21-25

On Site

• 
  Robert Fox:
  Socializing Around Arcade Technology. 26-28

VR and Health Care

• 
  Dorothy Strickland:
  VR and Health Care - Introduction. 32-33
• 
  Dorothy Strickland, Larry F. Hodges, Max M. North, Suzanne Weghorst:
  Overcoming Phobias by Virtual Exposure. 34-39
• 
  Erik Viire:
  Health and Safety Issues for VR. 40-41
• 
  Walter J. Greenleaf:
  Applying VR to Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation. 42-46
• 
  Suzanne Weghorst:
  Augmented Reality and Parkinson's Disease. 47-48
• 
  John P. Wann, Simon K. Rushton, Martin Smyth, David Jones:
  Rehabilitative Environments for Attention and Movement Disorders. 49-52
• 
  Dean P. Inman, Ken Loge, John Leavens:
  VR Education and Rehabilitation. 53-58
• 
  Tim Bowman:
  VR Meets Physical Therapy. 59-60
• 
  David Zeltzer, Rita K. Addison:
  Responsive Virtual Environments. 61-64
• 
  Kay M. Stanney, Robert S. Kennedy:
  The Psychometrics of Cybersickness. 66-68
• 
  Giuseppe Riva, Luca Melis, Mirco Bolzoni:
  Treating Body-Image Disturbances. 69-71
• 
  David J. Brown, Steven Kerr, John R. Wilson:
  Virtual Environments in Special-Needs Education. 72-75
• 
  Nigel Foreman, Paul N. Wilson, Danae Stanton:
  VR and Spatial Awareness in Disabled Children. 76-77

Health Care Information Systems

• 
  Wullianallur Raghupathi:
  Health Care Information Systems - Introduction. 80-82
• 
  James G. Anderson:
  Clearing the Way for Physicians' Use of Clinical Information Systems. 83-90
• 
  Thomas C. Rindfleisch:
  Privacy, Information Technology, and Health Care. 92-100
• 
  William M. Detmer, Edward H. Shortliffe:
  Using the Internet to Improve Knowledge Diffusion in Medicine. 101-108
• 
  David G. Kilman, David W. Forslund:
  An International Collaboratory Based on Virtual Patient Records. 110-117

Technical Opinion

• 
  A. Michael Noll:
  Internet Pricing Vs. Reality. 118-121

Inside Risks

• 
  Peter G. Neumann:
  Crypto Key Management. 136

Volume 40, Number 9, September 1997

Practical Programmer

• 
  Robert L. Glass:
  Cobol - A Contradiction and an Enigma. 11-13

Sharing Standards

• 
  Roy Rada, James Schoening:
  Educational Technology Standards. 15-18

Viewpoint

• 
  Neil Munro, Brock N. Meeks:
  Debating (What Once Was) the CDA. 25-28

Virtual Organization

• 
  Abbe Mowshowitz:
  Virtual Organization - Introduction to the Special Section. 30-37
• 
  Murray Turoff:
  Virtuality. 38-43
• 
  Starr Roxanne Hiltz, Barry Wellman:
  Asynchronous Learning Networks as a Virtual Classroom. 44-49
• 
  Claude Faucheux:
  How Virtual Organizing Is Transforming Management Science. 50-55
• 
  Rama Chellappa, Anitesh Barua, Andrew B. Whinston:
  An Electronic Infrastructure for a Virtual University. 56-58
• 
  Martin Hardwick, Richard Bolton:
  The Industrial Virtual Enterprise. 59-60
• 
  Bruno Mannoni:
  A Virtual Museum. 61-62
• 
  Russ Zajtchuk, Richard M. Satava:
  Medical Applications of Virtual Reality. 63-64

Articles

• 
  Jeremy R. Cooperstock, Sidney S. Fels, William Buxton, Kenneth C. Smith:
  Reactive Environments. 65-73
• 
  Kweku Ewusi-Mensah:
  Critical Issues in Abandoned Information Systems Development Projects. 74-80
• 
  Gail L. Rein, Daniel L. McCue, Judith A. Slein:
  A Case for Document Management Functions on the Web. 81-89
• 
  Herbert Maisel, Catherine Gaddy:
  Employment and Salaries of Recent Doctorates in Computer Science. 90-93
• 
  J. Michael Pearson, Leon Crosby, J. P. Shim:
  Measuring the Importance of Ethical Behavior Criteria. 94-100

Thinking Objectively

• 
  Mohamed E. Fayad:
  Software Development Process: A Necessary Evil. 101-103

Inside Risks

• 
  David Lorge Parnas:
  Software Engineering: An Unconsummated Marriage. 128

Volume 40, Number 10, October 1997

Legally Speaking

• 
  Pamela Samuelson:
  Embedding Technical Self-Help in Licensed Software. 13-17

On Site

• 
  Lai Lai Tung, Efraim Turban:
  One Organization's Use of Lotus Notes. 19-21

Viewpoint

• 
  Richard C. Hsu, William E. Mitchell:
  After 400 Years, Print is Still Superior. 27-28

Object-Oriented Application Frameworks

• 
  Mohamed E. Fayad, Douglas C. Schmidt:
  Object-Oriented Application Frameworks - Introduction. 32-38
• 
  Ralph E. Johnson:
  Frameworks = (Components + Patterns). 39-42
• 
  Edward J. Posnak, R. Greg Lavender, Harrick M. Vin:
  An Adaptive Framework for Developing Multimedia Software Components. 43-47
• 
  Hans Albrecht Schmid:
  Systematic Framework Design by Generalization. 48-51
• 
  Dirk Bäumer, Guido Gryczan, Rolf Knoll, Carola Lilienthal, Dirk Riehle, Heinz Züllighoven:
  Framework Development for Large Systems. 52-59
• 
  Serge Demeyer, Theo Dirk Meijler, Oscar Nierstrasz, Patrick Steyaert:
  Design Guidelines for 'Tailorable Frameworks'. 60-64
• 
  Davide Brugali, Giuseppe Menga, Amund Aarsten:
  The Framework Life Span. 65-68
• 
  Wim Codenie, Koen De Hondt, Patrick Steyaert, Arlette Vercammen:
  From Custom Applications to Domain-Specific Frameworks. 70-77
• 
  Adele Goldberg, Steven T. Abell, David Leibs:
  The LearningWorks Development and Delivery Frameworks. 78-81
• 
  David Doscher, Robert Hodges:
  SEMATECH's Experiences with the CIM Framework. 82-84
• 
  Mohamed E. Fayad, Douglas C. Schmidt:
  Lessons Learned Building Reusable OO Frameworks for Distributed Software. 85-87

Articles

• 
  Stephanie Forrest, Steven A. Hofmeyr, Anil Somayaji:
  Computer Immunology. 88-96
• 
  Annette Weintraub:
  Art on the Web, the Web as Art. 97-102
• 
  Tracy Camp:
  The Incredible Shrinking Pipeline. 103-110
• 
  D. Scott Brandt:
  Constructivism: Teaching for Understanding of the Internet. 112-117

Technical Opinion

• 
  Ivan Ryant:
  Why Inheritance Means Extra Trouble. 118-119

Inside Risks

• 
  Peter G. Neumann:
  Integrity in Software Development. 144

Volume 40, Number 11, November 1997

Personal Computing

• 
  Larry Press:
  Tracking the Global Diffusion of the Internet. 11-17

Digital Village

• 
  Hal Berghel:
  Watermarking Cyberspace. 19-24

Computational Infratructure: Toward the 21st Century

• 
  Larry Smarr:
  Computational Infratructure: Toward the 21st Century - Introduction. 28-32
• 
  Philip M. Smith:
  The NSF Partnership and the Tradition of U.S. Science and Engineering. 34-37
• 
  Daniel A. Reed, Roscoe C. Giles, Charles E. Catlett:
  Distributed Data and Immersive Collaboration. 38-48
• 
  Rick Stevens, Paul R. Woodward, Thomas A. DeFanti, Charles E. Catlett:
  From the I-WAY to the National Technology Grid. 50-60
• 
  Ken Kennedy, Charles F. Bender, John W. D. Connolly, John L. Hennessy, Mary K. Vernon, Larry Smarr:
  A Nationwide Parallel Computing Environment. 62-72
• 
  Gregory J. McRae:
  How Application Domains Define Requirements for the Grid. 74-83
• 
  Jeremiah P. Ostriker, Michael L. Norman:
  Cosmology of the Early Universe Viewed Through the New Infrastructure. 84-94

Articles

• 
  Celia T. Romm, Nava Pliskin:
  Toward a Virtual Politicking Model. 95-100
• 
  Gezinus J. Hidding:
  Reinventing Methodology: Who Reads It and Why? 102-109
• 
  Donald Gotterbarn, Keith W. Miller, Simon Rogerson:
  Software Engineering Code of Ethics. 110-118
• 
  Bill C. Hardgrave, Kent A. Walstrom:
  Forums for MIS Scholars. 119-124

Thinking Objectively

• 
  Mohamed E. Fayad, Mauri Laitinen:
  Process Assessment Considered Wasteful. 125-128

Inside Risks

• 
  Peter B. Ladkin:
  Risks of Technological Remedy. 160

Volume 40, Number 12, December 1997

International Perspectives

• 
  Zixiang (Alex) Tan, Milton Mueller, William Foster:
  China's New Internet Regulations: Two Steps Forward, One Step Back. 11-16

Practical Programmer

• 
  Robert L. Glass:
  How Best to Provide the Services IS Programmers Need. 17-19

On Site

• 
  Neil A. M. Maiden, Cornelius Ncube, Andrew Moore:
  Lessons Learned During Requirements Acquisition for COTS Systems. 21-25

Visual Information Management

• 
  Ramesh C. Jain:
  Visual Information Management - Introduction. 30-32
• 
  Amarnath Gupta, Simone Santini, Ramesh C. Jain:
  In Search of Information in Visual Media. 34-42
• 
  Boon-Lock Yeo, Minerva M. Yeung:
  Retrieving and Visualizing Video. 43-52
• 
  Rainer Lienhart, Silvia Pfeiffer, Wolfgang Effelsberg:
  Video Abstracting. 54-62
• 
  Shih-Fu Chang, John R. Smith, Mandis Beigi, Ana B. Benitez:
  Visual Information Retrieval from Large Distributed Online Repositories. 63-71
• 
  William I. Grosky:
  Managing Multimedia Information in Database Systems. 72-80

Articles

• 
  James E. Katz, Philip Aspden:
  A Nation of Strangers? 81-86
• 
  Michael Franz, Thomas Kistler:
  Slim Binaries. 87-94
• 
  Martin D. Fraser, Vijay K. Vaishnavi:
  A Formal Specifications Maturity Model. 95-103
• 
  Jeffrey Parsons, Yair Wand:
  Using Objects for Systems Analysis. 104-110

ACM Computing Classification System

• 
  Neal S. Coulter:
  ACM's Computing Classification System Reflects Changing Times. 111-112

Technical Opinion

• 
  Nigel Ward:
  Programming as a Discipline? 113-114

Inside Risks

• 
  Peter G. Neumann:
  System Development Woes. 160