Papers (Hazard, vulnerability and Risk)
Iberografias , 2024
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América Latina ante los (nuevos) retos de la justicia social y ambiental, 2023
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O objetivo deste trabalho foi realizar um estudo da dinâmica da paisagem, na planície deltaica do... more O objetivo deste trabalho foi realizar um estudo da dinâmica da paisagem, na planície deltaica do Rio Doce, com base no registro de maior precipitação e de vazão mensal dos últimos 62 anos. Com os produtos e técnicas de Sensoriamento Remoto, como as imagens da série Landsat, em períodos distintos (vazante e cheia do rio), permitiu avaliar os conflitos de usos e a dinâmica natural do ambiente. Os resultados envidenciaram não apenas a extensa área inundável e o impacto das inundações em áreas residenciais, mas também os ambientes conservados e a dinâmica das paisagens em questão, constatando interação negativa entre a magnitude dos processos urbanísticos empreendidos na região e as grandes inundações.
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XVIII Simpósio Brasileiro de Geografia Física Aplicada, 2019
O presente estudo tem como objetivo principal fornecer um diagnóstico das mudanças na morfologia ... more O presente estudo tem como objetivo principal fornecer um diagnóstico das mudanças na morfologia fluvial do médio/baixo rio Doce entre os anos de 1977 e 2017, apresentando uma visão das áreas de erosão marginal e da intensidade destes processos na calha do canal principal, analisada através da Estimativa de Densidade de Kernel (EDK). Para isso, o trecho desse rio a jusante da usina hidrelétrica de Aimorés foi analisado com base em imagens temporais da série Landsat e campanhas de campo. Essa análise revelou uma erosão de 241,9 hectares da calha no trecho de 141,6 km, com uma taxa média de erosão de 1,51 hectares/ano durante o período analisado. Este trabalho contribui para o melhor entendimento da dinâmica dos sistemas fluviais de médio e grande porte e para promover ações de controle e monitoramentodos processos de erosão marginal, especialmente, daqueles desprovidos de análises / levantamentos dessa natureza. Palavras chave: Geomorfologia fluvial; Taxas de erosão; Diagnóstico de bacias hidrográficas; Sensoriamento Remoto; Geotecnologias.
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GeoAmazônia, 2022
The determination of resilience capacity constitutes an important tool for environmental conserva... more The determination of resilience capacity constitutes an important tool for environmental conservation and preservation. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the environmental resilience capacity of the lower course of the basin of the Poti River (LCPR) in the state of Piauí in northeastern Brazil. For such, analyses were performed of the natural and socioeconomic aspects of the area. A geographic information system was used for interpreting the lower Poti River and identifying the main existing environmental risks. The images were edited using SPRING 5.2 and ARCMAP 10.3. Environmental resilience capacity was determined by calculating an environmental resilience index (ERI) based on two additional indexes: the natural resilience index (NRI) and the municipal social vulnerability index (MSVI). Environmental resilience capacity was low in the urban areas of the river due to the greater pressure on the environment as a result of demographic density and the exploitation of natural resources. In contrast, rural areas (86 percent of LCRP) showed a moderate-to-high degree of environmental resilience, due to the occurrence of large areas predominantly covered with natural vegetation. The municipal social vulnerability index reflects the various public strategies adopted by administrators. Another finding was that the method developed for evaluating environmental resilience based on the analysis of natural resilience and social vulnerability is important to the planning and management of river basins in terms of the sustainable development of its uses in different geographic areas.
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Revista GeoAmazônia
The determination of resilience capacity constitutes an important tool for environmental conserva... more The determination of resilience capacity constitutes an important tool for environmental conservation and preservation. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the environmental resilience capacity of the lower course of the basin of the Poti River (LCPR) in the state of Piauí in northeastern Brazil. For such, analyses were performed of the natural and socioeconomic aspects of the area. A geographic information system was used for interpreting the lower Poti River and identifying the main existing environmental risks. The images were edited using SPRING 5.2 and ARCMAP 10.3. Environmental resilience capacity was determined by calculating an environmental resilience index (ERI) based on two additional indexes: the natural resilience index (NRI) and the municipal social vulnerability index (MSVI). Environmental resilience capacity was low in the urban areas of the river due to the greater pressure on the environment as a result of demographic density and the exploitation of natura...
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WSD 22, 2022
The historical records of floods and their impacts in the Mondego river basin (Portugal) – partic... more The historical records of floods and their impacts in the Mondego river basin (Portugal) – particularly in the city of Coimbra and its downstream floodplain – show the complexity of physical and human interactions in the construction of flood risk. In this short paper, a summarized notice on the past flood events is done, highlighting the persistence of damages both in pristine and regularized conditions, and pointing to the role of an intermediate area, which is a source of uncertainty in flood peak estimation to the city of Coimbra and the Lower Mondego terrains. This analysis is possible due to the construction of an extensive and detailed database of historical records of hydrometric levels, rainfall data, damage descriptions and a survey of the public and private loss mitigation and rehabilitation measures.
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MÉTODOS E TÉCNICAS NO ESTUDO DA DINÂMICA DA PAISAGEM FÍSICA NOS PAÍSES DA CPLP - COMUNIDADE DOS PAÍSES DE EXPRESSÃO PORTUGUESA, EUMED. Málaga, 2022
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Risco de Cheias e Risco de Inundações Fluviais. Aprender com o Passado". , 2022
Historical documentary sources and hydrometric records were used to
study 296 floods that occurre... more Historical documentary sources and hydrometric records were used to
study 296 floods that occurred in the period from 1200 to 2021. Of these floods, 32 were classified as catastrophic and 60 as extraordinary, occurring particularly in winter (December to February). These floods had very significant negative impacts on social, economic and environmental systems, including loss of human life. They cut off populations and caused illness, agricultural and livestock losses, and destroyed hydraulic infrastructure and communication routes, houses, churches, convents, and commercial establishments. Historical records even report various periods of famine in Coimbra and in the riverside localities. Although most of the floods with exceptionally high impacts occurred in the pristine fluvial regime, due to the greater interval of time covered, the historical and hydrometric records show that exceptional and very damaging floods continue to occur in the post-project period of hydroelectric and hydro-agricultural exploitation, as borne out by the floods of 2001 and 2019. Assuming that events of this nature can occur in the future, there is a need to adapt the current management system of the Mondego River Hydrographic Basin to this reality to mitigate possible damage and losses.
Keywords: River Mondego, floods, impacts
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Espaço em revista, 2022
The social and economic changes caused in urban and rural environments have acquired the greatest... more The social and economic changes caused in urban and rural environments have acquired the greatest repercussions due to the accelerated changes in landscapes. In this sense, the relief stands out for being the surface that makes life possible, allowing the interaction between the dynamics of nature and society. In it, the morphodynamic and morphogenetic processes occur, responsible for the formation of the relief. Currently, the dynamics of society are visible, interpenetrate and/or stand out from the dynamics of nature. Such environmental issues assume importance in several fields of knowledge, especially in geographic science. In this respect, the work has as main objective to understand the morphodynamics of the relief; related to the characteristics that determine and influence the environmental vulnerability index to linear erosive processes in the municipality of Mirante do Paranapanema - SP, we emphasize here that environmental vulnerability refers to linear erosive processes, so, furrows, ravines, and gullies. For the elaboration of cartographic documents, it was necessary to use geotechnologies, Geographic Information Systems - SIG, satellite images, and software such as Arc Gis 10.6.1, Quantum Gis 2.16, IBGE geographic data information (shapes), satellite images: ALOS / PRISM; SRTM; Sentinel; and Landsat 8, for the Water Balance the Excel software, and the use of the Hierarchical Analytical Process Technique - AHP for the elaboration of the final maps of Environmental Vulnerability to the Linear Erosive Process. The interrelationships of natural elements: geomorphology, terrain curvature, slope, simplified soil sketch, surface temperature, and vegetation index (NDVI); as well as the social aspects: land occupation and its use, crossed among themselves, and through certain weights defined based on bibliographic references and fieldwork, from the technical perspective of the geographers involved in the present dissertation, made it possible to elaborate maps of environmental vulnerability to linear erosive processes, from March to June 2016, concerns periods of higher humidity (rainy) and dry (drought) on the surface of the studied area. Such results helped, as tools for the spatialization of geomorphological phenomena, in the deepening of studies on the theme of erosion in the region of Pontal do Paranapanema - SP. Finally, it was observed that the different levels of environmental vulnerability to linear erosive processes, in climatic conditions: dry and/or humid, are directly related to land uses, interconnected to the types of relief, soils, vegetation cover, and dynamics of historical occupation by social groups/individuals. In this regard, it was possible to notice that there is a difference in intensity in the environmental vulnerability to linear erosive processes in two periods of the year. Keywords: Environmental Vulnerability. Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP). Linear Erosion. Geomorphological Mapping. Mirante do Paranapanema – SP
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Sustainability, 2022
Abstract: Mainland Portugal is a Mediterranean country, particularly known for the recurrence of ... more Abstract: Mainland Portugal is a Mediterranean country, particularly known for the recurrence of forest fires in terms of burnt areas, losses, and damage. The central Portugal administrative area has been in a “stage” of prominence for this dangerous phenomenon, with the sub-region Pinhal Interior Sul being one of the most critical territories. In addition to the manifestation of the dangerous process itself, it is important to state the importance of vulnerability, which has been relatively ignored in the definition of public policies in terms of spatial planning. Vulnerability concerns the way people and their assets are exposed to forest fires (as they represent the main targets of their
harmful consequences), as well as how they are affected by, resist, and recover from them. This paper investigates only one of the components of vulnerability—social vulnerability—in terms of demographic, cultural, socio-economic, and infrastructural conditions to establish a comparative
analysis among the parishes of the sub-region Pinhal Interior Sul (in particular, between the more urban and rural ones in each municipality). In the studied area, the high values of social vulnerability reinforce the high hazard level. At the municipality level, it is possible to conclude that the population living in more markedly rural and peripheral parishes is more vulnerable to forest fires than those living in the more urban conditions.
Keywords: forest fires; social vulnerability; factorial analysis; rural and urban parishes; public policies .
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Entre Lugar, 2021
Objetivou-se compreender a relação entre o ambiente físico e antrópico, para analisar o nível de ... more Objetivou-se compreender a relação entre o ambiente físico e antrópico, para analisar o nível de vulnerabilidade social e as alterações sobre os aspectos físicos no baixo curso do rio Poti (Piauí-Brasil). Foi elaborado o Índice Municipal de Vulnerabilidade Social (IMVS), com base na análise fatorial por componentes principais por setor censitário, utilizando os softwares SPSS e ArcMap 10.2. Constatou-se que a área rural apresenta IMVS de alto a muito alto devido à baixa densidade demográfica, reduzida infraestrutura, baixa renda, o reduzido nível de escolaridade e o maior envelhecimento da população, tendo em vista que sua maior parte economicamente ativa encontra-se nas áreas urbanas. Quanto aos aspectos naturais, verificou-se que a vegetação tem forte influência na conservação do ambiente, que a sua retirada, de forma inadequada provoca impactos negativos ao meio ambiente e, consequentemente, sobre a população. Assim, o conhecimento sobre vulnerabilidade social em uma bacia hidrográfica permite aos governantes integrar políticas e medidas preventivas no planejamento e estratégias de desenvolvimento sustentável em meio urbano e rural.
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Revista Caminhos da Geografia, 2021
THE INGESTION OF FLUORIDE IN SURFACE WATERS AND TERRITORIES WITH RISK TO HUMAN HEALTH IN THE NORT... more THE INGESTION OF FLUORIDE IN SURFACE WATERS AND TERRITORIES WITH RISK TO HUMAN HEALTH IN THE NORTHEAST PARANÁ REGION In the Northeast of Paraná, fluoride levels in surface waters for public supply are above those recommended for human health (≥ 0.8 mg/L). Within Brazilian law, the daily intake of fluoride levels outside the range of 0.6 to 0.8 mg/L can facilitate the generation of pathologies such as caries and fluorosis. Thus, the current investigation aimed to identify locations where the natural fluoride concentrations obtained in drainage basins delimit areas of risk to human health through direct ingestion. For this purpose, two hundred georeferenced raw water samples were collected (2016-2018) from hydrographic basins that supply the region, all of which were chemically analyzed for fluoride using the Direct Potentiometry technique (≤ 1.2 mg/L). The spatialization of the data indicates municipalities potentially prone to the risk of dental fluorosis, with peak levels aligned in the SW-NE direction, representing a belt of anomalies (Jundiai do Sul, Santo Antônio da Platina, and Jacarezinho). The results also specify municipalities at risk for caries. The findings indicate that new epidemiological and hydrogeochemical surveys should be carried out, especially in groundwater, to better delimit the scope of the risks and support the planning of Public Health. Keywords: Fluorine. Risks. Hydrogeochemistry. Northeast Paraná. Public health.
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Perspectivas geográficas., 2021
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Geosul, 2020
Resumo: A adoção de políticas para a redução de risco de desastres encontra entraves que limitam ... more Resumo: A adoção de políticas para a redução de risco de desastres encontra entraves que limitam suas aplicações. A análise de episódios emblemáticos e dos marcos referenciais e normativos dessas políticas no Brasil serviu como ponto de partida para um diagnóstico dessa condição. O objetivo dessa pesquisa foi mostrar, por meio de pesquisa documental e bibliográfica, como a adoção de políticas para a redução de risco de desastres encontra obstáculos que dificultam e limitam a sua aplicação. O presente estudo revelou três fatores: 1) governança baseada em assimetrias de poder, 2) insuficiência de integração entre políticas públicas nas diferentes escalas de gestão e 3) baixa articulação entre as políticas estatais e os conhecimentos acadêmicos. Palavras-chave: Governança. Resiliência. Políticas Públicas. Gestão pública. Extensão Acadêmica. CHALLENGES AND STRATEGIC POSSIBILITIES FOR A DISASTER RISK REDUCTION POLICY Abstract: The adoption of policies for disaster risk reduction has obstacles that limit its applications. The analysis of emblematic episodes and the referential and normative frameworks of these policies in Brazil served as a starting point for a diagnosis of this condition. The objective of this research was to show, through documentary and bibliographic research, how the adoption of policies for disaster risk reduction encounters obstacles that hinder and limit its application. The present study revealed three factors: 1) governance based on asymmetries of power, 2) insufficient integration between public policies at different management scales and 3) low articulation between state policies and academic knowledge. DESAFÍOS Y POSIBILIDADES ESTRATÉGICAS PARA UNA POLÍTICA DE REDUCCIÓN DE RIESGO DE DESASTRES Resumen: La adopción de políticas para la reducción de riesgo de desastres encuentra obstáculos que limitan sus aplicaciones. El análisis de episodios emblemáticos y los marcos referenciales y normativos de estas políticas en Brasil sirvieron como punto de partida para el diagnóstico de esta afección. El objetivo de esta investigación fue mostrar, a través de la investigación documental y
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Caminhos da Geografia, 2020
RESUMO O processo de apropriação dos recursos naturais tem ocorrido desrespeitando suas caracterí... more RESUMO O processo de apropriação dos recursos naturais tem ocorrido desrespeitando suas características físico-naturais e capacidade de resiliência. Neste sentido, a determinação de um Índice de Resiliência Natural (IRN) constitui importante ferramenta para a conservação e gestão ambiental. Objetivou-se neste estudo desenvolver um índice para identificar a capacidade de resiliência natural do baixo curso do rio Poti (BCRP) com base nas suas caraterísticas de declividade, temperatura e tipos do solo, vegetação e recursos hídricos, associando-os às atividades desenvolvidas pela população, consideradas indicadores de pressão para o aumento ou diminuição da resiliência. Utilizou-se do Sistema de Informações Geográficas (SIG) para a interpretação da área e elaboração do IRN através da técnica fuzzy do ArcMap 10.3. A análise temporal do IRN do BCRP demonstrou ser uma eficaz ferramenta para gestão ambiental, por permitir um diagnóstico da bacia para subsidiar ações que favoreçam a resiliência do ambiente. Na área urbana, o IRN demonstrou-se regressivo, com classificação de baixa a muito baixa. Em contrapartida, na área rural o índice resultou de moderado a alto, perante as formas de uso e ocupação do solo. Constatou-se que a utilização de técnicas sustentáveis de manejo do solo e da vegetação pode favorecer a resiliência do ambiente de curto a médio prazo. ABSTRACT The process of appropriation of natural resources has occurred without respecting their physical-natural characteristics and resilience. In this regard, the determination of a Natural Resilience Index (NRI) constitutes a relevant tool for environmental conservation and management. This study aimed to develop an index to identify the natural resilience capacity of the Poti river low stream (PRLS) based in aspects of declivity, temperature, soil types, vegetation and hydric resources, associating them to the activities developed by the population, which are considered pressure indicators for the resilience increase or low. To achieve this, the Geographic Information System (GIS) was used to the interpretation of the area and elaboration of the NRI through the fuzzy technique of the ArcMap 10.3. The time analysis of the NRI of PRLS has been an effective tool for environmental management, to give a diagnose of the basin in order to assist the actions that promote the environmental resilience. In the urban area, the NRI demonstrated itself regressive, from low to very low ratings, however, in the urban area the results were from moderate to high in front of the usage instructions and soil occupation. It was noted that the use of sustainable techniques of soil management and the vegetation can promote the restoration of the environment in the short to medium term.
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Rio Poti: caminhos de suas águas, 2020
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Cadernos de Geografia, 2019
Resumo A instabilidade de vertentes está presente sobretudo em regiões montanhosas e serranas com... more Resumo A instabilidade de vertentes está presente sobretudo em regiões montanhosas e serranas com declives elevados, mas o crescimento urbano desordenado em áreas suscetíveis, somado à falta de ordenamento do uso do solo, tem aumentado a ocorrência de desastres relacionados com estes processos também em espaços urbanos. O estudo climático torna-se necessário para acompanhamento e prevenção dos movimentos em massa, já que eles são, na maior parte dos casos e no contexto territorial em causa, deflagrados por eventos de precipitação extrema e/ou de longa duração. Um banco de dados é uma ferramenta importante para a contribuição destes estudos e para a gestão de riscos.
Palavras-chave: banco de dados, movimentos em massa, eventos severos, NAO, gestão de riscos.
Abstract
Slope instability is present in mountainous regions, and disorderly growth in urban susceptible areas, coupled with lack of land use planning, has increased the occurrence of these types of disasters in urban areas. The climatic study is necessary for the monitoring and prevention of mass movements, since they are triggered by events of extreme and / or long duration precipitation. A database is an important tool in the contribution of these studies and in risk management.
Keywords: database, mass movements, severe events, NAO, risk management
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Diálogos interdisciplinares nas Ciências Ambientais: ampliando olhares e perspectivas, 2019
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L. Cunha e H. Yamaki - Paisagem e território, 2018
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Papers (Hazard, vulnerability and Risk)
study 296 floods that occurred in the period from 1200 to 2021. Of these floods, 32 were classified as catastrophic and 60 as extraordinary, occurring particularly in winter (December to February). These floods had very significant negative impacts on social, economic and environmental systems, including loss of human life. They cut off populations and caused illness, agricultural and livestock losses, and destroyed hydraulic infrastructure and communication routes, houses, churches, convents, and commercial establishments. Historical records even report various periods of famine in Coimbra and in the riverside localities. Although most of the floods with exceptionally high impacts occurred in the pristine fluvial regime, due to the greater interval of time covered, the historical and hydrometric records show that exceptional and very damaging floods continue to occur in the post-project period of hydroelectric and hydro-agricultural exploitation, as borne out by the floods of 2001 and 2019. Assuming that events of this nature can occur in the future, there is a need to adapt the current management system of the Mondego River Hydrographic Basin to this reality to mitigate possible damage and losses.
Keywords: River Mondego, floods, impacts
harmful consequences), as well as how they are affected by, resist, and recover from them. This paper investigates only one of the components of vulnerability—social vulnerability—in terms of demographic, cultural, socio-economic, and infrastructural conditions to establish a comparative
analysis among the parishes of the sub-region Pinhal Interior Sul (in particular, between the more urban and rural ones in each municipality). In the studied area, the high values of social vulnerability reinforce the high hazard level. At the municipality level, it is possible to conclude that the population living in more markedly rural and peripheral parishes is more vulnerable to forest fires than those living in the more urban conditions.
Keywords: forest fires; social vulnerability; factorial analysis; rural and urban parishes; public policies .
Palavras-chave: banco de dados, movimentos em massa, eventos severos, NAO, gestão de riscos.
Abstract
Slope instability is present in mountainous regions, and disorderly growth in urban susceptible areas, coupled with lack of land use planning, has increased the occurrence of these types of disasters in urban areas. The climatic study is necessary for the monitoring and prevention of mass movements, since they are triggered by events of extreme and / or long duration precipitation. A database is an important tool in the contribution of these studies and in risk management.
Keywords: database, mass movements, severe events, NAO, risk management
study 296 floods that occurred in the period from 1200 to 2021. Of these floods, 32 were classified as catastrophic and 60 as extraordinary, occurring particularly in winter (December to February). These floods had very significant negative impacts on social, economic and environmental systems, including loss of human life. They cut off populations and caused illness, agricultural and livestock losses, and destroyed hydraulic infrastructure and communication routes, houses, churches, convents, and commercial establishments. Historical records even report various periods of famine in Coimbra and in the riverside localities. Although most of the floods with exceptionally high impacts occurred in the pristine fluvial regime, due to the greater interval of time covered, the historical and hydrometric records show that exceptional and very damaging floods continue to occur in the post-project period of hydroelectric and hydro-agricultural exploitation, as borne out by the floods of 2001 and 2019. Assuming that events of this nature can occur in the future, there is a need to adapt the current management system of the Mondego River Hydrographic Basin to this reality to mitigate possible damage and losses.
Keywords: River Mondego, floods, impacts
harmful consequences), as well as how they are affected by, resist, and recover from them. This paper investigates only one of the components of vulnerability—social vulnerability—in terms of demographic, cultural, socio-economic, and infrastructural conditions to establish a comparative
analysis among the parishes of the sub-region Pinhal Interior Sul (in particular, between the more urban and rural ones in each municipality). In the studied area, the high values of social vulnerability reinforce the high hazard level. At the municipality level, it is possible to conclude that the population living in more markedly rural and peripheral parishes is more vulnerable to forest fires than those living in the more urban conditions.
Keywords: forest fires; social vulnerability; factorial analysis; rural and urban parishes; public policies .
Palavras-chave: banco de dados, movimentos em massa, eventos severos, NAO, gestão de riscos.
Abstract
Slope instability is present in mountainous regions, and disorderly growth in urban susceptible areas, coupled with lack of land use planning, has increased the occurrence of these types of disasters in urban areas. The climatic study is necessary for the monitoring and prevention of mass movements, since they are triggered by events of extreme and / or long duration precipitation. A database is an important tool in the contribution of these studies and in risk management.
Keywords: database, mass movements, severe events, NAO, risk management
Keywords: Abiotic nature; Qualitative evaluation; Geoconservation.
O Cânion do rio Poti situa-se no Nordeste do Brasil, na divisa dos estados do Ceará (CE) e Piauí (PI) e corresponde a um vale cataclinal orientado no sentido E-W. Na área, observam-se variadas quedas d’água, piscinas naturais, mirantes, serras, cavernas, furnas, relevo cárstico (feições ruiniformes), além de manifestações paleontológicas, como exemplo, vestígios de icnofósseis. Diante dessas potencialidades, o presente artigo objetiva identificar e analisar os aspectos culturais de Locais de Interesse Geomorfológico (LIGeom) presentes na região do Cânion do rio Poti, de acordo com a classificação de valores de Murray Gray (2004). Nesse sentido, foram considerados os seguintes critérios:
i: dar destaque aos pontos que disponham de relevância histórica e/ou cultural, e
ii: locais que possuam acesso para visitação na área supracitada.
Foi realizado levantamento bibliográfico, com trabalho e coleta de dados em campo, além de observação direta e registros fotográficos dos pontos. Conclui-se que o trabalho de reconhecimento dos aspectos culturais dos LIGeom é uma fonte de dados que subsidia a implantação de futuras medidas de geoconservação nesta área. Espera-se que as diferentes esferas do poder público, aliadas a iniciativas privadas, em especial dos moradores locais, efetivem medidas que garantam a conservação desta valiosa geodiversidade.
Palavras chave: Cânion do rio Poti; valoração; geoconservação
the importance of the landscape of the six geosites considered priority, contemplated and valued, both by the local society and by the visitors (tourists) and researchers. As important elements of geodiversity, these geosites were selected for better documenting and witnessing their geological and geomorphological history and also have a respectable
biodiversity, in many cases endemic. The operational procedures were elaborated from the survey and cartography of the geosites and their components, and the systemic and empirical methods were used, with an integrated analysis of the landscape.
Keywords: Flores Island. Landscape. Azores Geopark. Geoheritage.
Palavras-chave: Geodiversidade; Geointerpretação; Valor Cultural; Cabedelo.
Key words: Geomorphological heritage, Arrifes scarp, Estremadura Massif (Portugal).
Keywords: endokarst; multi-criteria decision-making analysis; analytic hierarchy process; geographic information system; environmental planning
behavior a compared analysis of karst spring and fluvial hydrographs was adopted. The outflow hydrograph of the main spring of Sicó Karst Massif (Olhos d’Água do Anços) was compared to Arunca river flow hydrograph, which drains the non-karstic catchment unit. Diary and hourly data were used from 2010/2011 to 2012/2013 considering different hydrometeorological conditions.
Geomorphological mapping is a powerful instrument improving the geomorphological interpretation and understanding of the processes and forms used in landscape studies, with the ability of organizing different thematic layers in the same map. The presented map provide relevant information about the different geomorphological units of the central Algarve (i.e. the Carboniferous flysch mountains; the Barrocal, with marly and karstified subunits), where a karst system is prominent. Solution karst morphologies and large dry areas are common in the elevated areas of the Barrocal, suggesting deep circulation of groundwater. These recharge areas feed the perched aquifers of the area, where discharge is controlled by the impervious lithologies (clay-rich strata of the turbidites, marls and argilites) in the valley bottoms or other leaks in dammed aquifers. In springs related to the main aquifers tufa are actively being formed and, close coupled to spring location, different tufa depositional systems develop.
Na área vestibular do rio Mondego, Ramos (2008); Ramos et al. (2009) distinguiram seis episódios de escavação-agradação, cujos níveis foram designados por M1 a M6 (do mais alto para o mais baixo), situados abaixo da superfície culminante do enchimento sedimentar e acima da planície aluvial actual (3m de altitude).
A maioria dos níveis inferiores correspondem a terraços sedimentares, com associações de fácies deposicionais distintas nos vários níveis.
As associações de fácies que caracterizam M1, M2 e M3 (depósitos dos níveis mais antigos) são de natureza areno-cascalhenta e lutítica associadas a processos fluviais, bem como arenosas finas de génese eólica. Contudo, as fácies são difíceis de analisar espacialmente, nomeadamente as cascalhentas, por os depósitos estarem dispersos em retalhos e porque a unidade subjacente (do Cretácico) também é conglomerática. São exemplos destes depósitos os que se observam na Serra de S. Bento (126m de altitude; 123m acima da planície aluvial); Serra de Castros (118m) e Serra de Moinhos (100m).
O registo sedimentar de M4, M5 e M6 (terraços mais recentes) é o que está melhor preservado e as associações de fácies distinguem-se claramente das dos terraços mais antigos. A sua observação pode fazer-se entre Lares e Vila Verde, a altitudes que rondam os 10-20m. Interpretam-se associações de fácies fluviais, estuarinas e de praia.
Palavras-Chave: Geomorfologia Fluvial. Geotecnologias. ABHP. Paisagem
Palavras-Chave – Geotecnologias; Taxas de erosão; Diagnóstico de bacias hidrográficas.
Abstract: Establishing an interdisciplinary bridge between Cultural Geomorphology, the landscape sciences and heritage sciences, the present research work focuses on the analysis of
the influence of the landforms on the shaping of agroforestry landscapes of the medium mountains of north-western Portugal, adopting the Arga Mountain as a case study. It is conducted an analysis of the importance of the geomorphological conditions in the construction
of the humanized landscape, in relation to locative options, defensive strategies, settlement patterns, land structure, land use, communication networks and resource exploitation models.
Based on the evidence of the regional historical-archaeological research, it was possible to synthesize the key moments and the most relevant landscape shaping processes from the Neolithic to the present.
The correlation of the geomorphological sketch with the cartography of the landscape units and the map of historical-archaeological remains showed the relations between landforms and the landscape character. Based on the correlation of the cartography of cultural landscape units with the geomorphological sketch, a characterization of several examples where the
geomorphological factors have an important influence on the human occupation is presented.
In this way, the understanding of the contribution of Geomorphology to an interdisciplinary, integrative and dynamic reading of cultural landscapes was reinforced.
Key-words: Cultural Landscape; Geomorphology; Landforms; Landscape Units.
montanhosas afetadas pelas glaciações quaternárias, embora outras montanhas, apesar de mais baixas, pareçam evidenciar idênticos efeitos das glaciações.
Apresenta-se neste trabalho uma síntese dos conhecimentos atuais e as perspetivas de investigação dos vestígios glaciares nas montanhas do NW de Portugal.
advance in the valley. In this paper, we will study the first three of the mentioned areas.
Keywords: Argentinean Andes, Moraines, Glacial Geomorphology, Geoheritage, Geomorphologic hazards
Glacial landforms and sediments that are the product of past glaciations can provide geomorphologists with meaningful information on the nature of processes that are occurring in modern glaciers. This paper investigates the genesis of Pleistocene moraines present in the Alto Vez Glacial Valley of
northwestern Portugal using till fabric and grain size analysis. The present-day moraine morphology and sedimentology in this valley reveals the presence of two types of till. The clast-rich medium sandy diamicton present in unit 1 of moraine 1 is interpreted to be a lodgment till deposited during a stage of
glacial advance into the lower glacial valley. The clast-rich coarse sandy diamictons present in unit 2 of moraine 1 and unit 1 of moraine 2 are interpreted to be supraglacial melt-out tills (ablation tills) deposited during stages of glacial stability and moraine building fallowed by recession from the lower
glacial valley.
Glacier Horcones Inferior is a covered glacier, and a typical example of Andean mountain glaciers. Its study will allow us to understand glaciers’ dynamics through the Holocenic, by analysing its movement back and forth, as well as the geomorphological marks of that movement. Glaciers in the valley of Horcones Inferior have a typology quite different from most of the well-known glaciers, with a predominance of covered and rocky glaciers, and others. Its investigation will, therefore, allow us to understand glacial dynamics in the Andes, which may help us understand glacial dynamics on a global context. So far, our characterization of the dynamics rests on a detailed geomorphological study of the valley.
Keywords: Glaciers, Horcones Inferior, Glacial Geomorphology, Andes, Glacier dynamic.
These are sedimentary and stratigraphic characteristics of typical deposits associated with the evolution of a slope under periglacial conditions. These sedimentary and stratigraphic features show a decrease in the energy flow to the top. The preservation of the deposit is due to its location in a small depression (graben), which results from activity related with the tectonic evolution of the Sicó Massif. This also justifies the restrict geographic distribution of this deposits since they are confined to the small depression.
Keywords:Periglacial deposits, slope evolution, Sicó Massif, Geomorphology, Tectonics.
Resumo
Neste estudo pretende‐se mostrar os depósitos conglomeráticos de natureza calcária que têm sido considerados como periglaciares, ou seja geneticamente relacionados com a evolução de vertentes durante os períodos frios do Plistocénico. Os depósitos estudados encontram‐se em afloramentos localizados próximo da localidade de Tapeus, no bordo ocidental do Maciço Calcário de Sicó. Os afloramentos mostram duas unidades distintas: uma, na base, constituída por um corpo conglomerático calcário com imbricação de clastos e esboços de estruturas oblíquas planares que poderão indicar um paleofluxo, com direcção para Noroeste, dos materiais ao longo da vertente; a unidade que se segue é constituída por um depósito poligénico vermelho, areno‐siltoso, com intercalações de lentículas compostas por conglomerados calcários. Estas características sedimentares e estratigráficas denunciam uma diminuição da energia do fluxo para o topo. A preservação destes depósitos deve‐se ao facto de se encontrarem numa pequena depressão tectónica (graben) relacionada com a evolução tectónica do Maciço de Sicó, o que justifica também a sua restrita dispersão espacial.
Palavras‐Chave: Depósitos periglaciares, Evolução de vertentes, Maciço de Sicó, Geomorfologia, Tectónica.
Geografia Escolar. A pesquisa envolveu a realização de seis atividades em uma turma de sexto ano na Escola Municipal de Ensino Fundamental Lívia Menna Barreto, localizada no município de Santa Maria, no estado do Rio Grande do Sul. O método de análise adotado se baseia no nível semântico, um dos Quatro Níveis da Pesquisa Geográfica delineados por André Libault, em 1971. A partir dos resultados, foram discutidas as relações entre a Cosmogeografia e os conceitos de lugar, cotidiano, paisagem e percepção. Além disso, destacamos a proposição de novas habilidades geográficas potenciais para a Base Nacional Comum Curricular (BNCC), relacionadas aos estudos de Geografia Física, Geografia Humana e Cartografia Escolar, nos quais os fenômenos cosmogeográficos atuam com um papel relevante.
PALAVRAS-CHAVES: ensino de Geografia; ensino de Cosmogeografia; Geografia Escolar; raciocínio geográfico; Cosmografia
seu boletim, a primeira revista científica de Geografia no nosso país. Como investigador é conhecido sobretudo pelos seus trabalhos na área da Geografia humana de Portugal e, particularmente, pelos trabalhos relacionados com a organização regional do território nacional, para além dos trabalhos de cartografia, sobretudo, pelo magnífico Atlas de portugal, a que o seu nome está ligado.
Apesar de trabalhar sobretudo em temas de Geografia humana e de Geografia regional, a Geografia Física também fez parte das suas preocupações, tendo-nos deixado, capítulos de livro, artigos e pequenas notas muito interessantes e inovadoras, a que pretendemos dar o devido destaque nas palavras que se seguem.
Pode dizer-se que para além da sua tese sobra a bacia do vouga, em que Geografia Física tem um papel de destaque, abordou vários temas de Geomorfologia, hidrografia, climatologia, mesmo de biogeografia, quase sempre numa perspetiva de articulação da natureza com a sociedade, ou, se preferirmos, de articulação da Geografia Física com a Geografia humana na incessante procura de dados e de factos para a sua construção regional, que pretendia geograficamente correta, politicamente adequada e territorialmente justa.
Palavras-chave: Amorim Girão, Geografia Física, Geografia regional, bacia do vouga, montemuro, Gerês, Atlas de portugal.
framework.
Keywords: Coimbra Formation, S. Miguel Formation, lithostratigraphy,
Sinemurian-Early Pliensbachian, Lusitanian Basin.
consideradas: de um lado as geografias portuguesa e brasileira que, com percursos autónomos e relativamente pouco articulados entre si, atingiram o final do século XX numa fase de maturidade teórico-metodológica, com um corpo estável de escolas e de
investigadores, que permite actualmente uma profícua cooperação; do outro, as geografias dos países africanos, particularmente de Cabo Verde, Angola e Moçambique, cuja evolução autónoma conta apenas cerca de 40 anos, estando agora em fase de forte
desenvolvimento, com formação de quadros de qualidade, aposta na internacionalização e,
pelas vantagens da língua, com naturais ligações ao Brasil e a Portugal. Com a presente comunicação pretende-se olhar para a Geografia Física desenvolvida nestes países, compreender as diferenças, explorar as complementaridades e, sobretudo, promover articulações futuras no sentido do desenvolvimento de uma geografia física escrita e falada em português, no quadro internacional.
east of Amapá. The research used documentary data from government agencies such as INCRA, IBAMA and IMAP, data surveys and information in the field and processing of SRTM images and vector files in GIS. Was identified and characterized land use, relief altimetry,
hydrography, and the conditions of the road infrastructure. Although there are possibilities for beneficial changes, nowadays, the productive activities practiced in the settlements result from traditional models implemented in the Brazilian Amazon, unsustainable and ineffective to provide improvements in existing infrastructure and quality of life in the
settlements.
Keywords: Brazilian Amazon. Rural settlements. Roads. Extraction. Social exclusion
e aceitar, mais a mais num espaço tão pequeno como o nosso, em que tudo está próximo de tudo”. O destino da vetusta cidade ficou traçado desde que foi “consagrada à defesa e vigilância de um pequeno Reino, que não sabia ainda que seria grande e disperso como um arquipélago”,
um destino que “não era o da viagem, mas o da vigília, do ensimesmamento e, em todos os sentidos do termo, da solidão” (LOURENÇO, 2013 [1999]: 19).
A História e a Geografia ditaram, pois, tanto a implantação da Guarda como o relacionamento que a urbe foi estabelecendo, ao longo do tempo, com o respetivo entorno. Ao enquadrar a região onde se situa a cidade, refere Amorim Girão (1895-1960), na sua célebre Carta Regional de Portugal (1933), que se dispõem “mais ao Sul os planaltos da Guarda, Almeida e Sabugal, terra fria característica (a Guarda é mesmo, na tradição popular, a terra dos quatro efes: feia, fria, forte e falsa), com grande amplitude de oscilação térmica, denotando já a influência continental da zona castelhana, por uma forma semelhante à que tivemos ocasião de verificar em Trás-os-Montes, no planalto mirandês” (GIRÃO, 1933: 96).
O geógrafo de Riba-Côa, Carlos Alberto Marques (1896-1965), natural de Vale de Espinho e que se tornaria filho adotivo da cidade, não terá visto com bons olhos tais epítetos atribuídos à Guarda pelo seu mestre e amigo. Amorim Girão não só cometeu o lapso de não referir um
dos efes – farta –, porventura o que melhor caracteriza a generosidade da terra e das gentes da Guarda, como enfatizou a conotação depreciativa de dois deles, posteriormente revertidos pelo brio local, quando se passou a associar o F de feia a formosa e o de falsa a fiel, fixando a alcunha
“politicamente correta” da cidade nos atuais cinco efes: Fria, Forte, Fiel, Farta e Formosa.
À posição que ocupa no contexto regional, nacional e ibérico, bem como ao sítio que serviu de berço à Guarda, não é estranha uma certa dimensão telúrica que se encontra plasmada nos referidos efes que se confundem e popularmente identificam a cidade. Tais expressões, não só remetem para reminiscências geográficas, como carregam forte carga identitária
que se associa ao frio, presença incontornável bem respaldada no ditado que refere a cidade viver “nove meses de inverno e três de inferno”. O clima agreste, acentuado pela altitude e pela continentalidade, fruto da proximidade da Guarda aos ares da Serra da Estrela e à massa terrestre peninsular, acaba por ser amenizado pela abundância de água, o meio natural e o solo, propícios a uma agricultura farta, que prospera, por exemplo, no viçoso Vale do Mondego, ao ponto de acabar assumido pela toponímia local (por exemplo, Aldeia Viçosa).
Com o presente trabalho pretendemos avaliar a importância social das mulheres no processo extrativo clandestino de areias e cascalhos em Cabo Verde e explicar como é que as mulheres podem participar e contribuir para uma extração sustentável e para a consequente redução de impactes do processo extrativo clandestino. Com base na observação direta e participativa no terreno realizaram-se inquéritos e conversas informais com as trabalhadoras que extraem os inertes, fez-se o registo dos impactes ambientais em fotografia e a sua avaliação através das matrizes de interação de Leopold, em função do local da exploração, no caso, as ribeiras de Flamengos e Principal, no concelho de S. Miguel e a de Cuba, no concelho de Tarrafal.
Abstract:
This study aims to assess the social importance of women in the illegal extraction of sand and gravel in Cape Verde and explain how women can participate and contribute to a sustainable extraction and the consequent reduction in illegal extraction process. Based on direct and participative observation in the field surveys and held informal talks with the workers who extract the inert, it was the registration of photography and environmental impacts in its assessment of the interaction matrices Leopold, depending on the site of operation in the case, in the rivers of Flanders and Principal, in the municipality of S. Miguel and Cuba, in the municipality of Tarrafal.
The study of the municipality of Baia Farta aims to reflect on the importance of physical geography in the analysis of constraints and opportunities of development in terms of Planning and Territorial Management. After a geographical analysis performed on an increasing scale over Angola, Benguela province and the municipality of Baía Farta, this was chosen as a case study, because its economic dynamism and environmental fragility.
After the identification of key natural resources and the constraints to the development of the municipality,
among which are the natural risks, we presented the results of a survey to assess the perception of local people about the environment, the recent changes and on the ongoing policy development. Apart the differences in perception ac-cording to the characteristics of the respondents (sex, age, birthplace, length of residence, occupation and educational attainment), there was also a clear differentiation between the inhabitants of the different parishes, which is a reflex of different local conditions in terms of resources, infrastructure and development conditions.
Keywords: Environment. Territorial Planning. Angola. Benguela. Baía Farta
However, those areas were not spared from illegal occupation. Several factors contributed to this kind of criminal attitude. The effective occupation of protected areas was used as an argument by the government of Rondônia state to propose the revocation of several Conservation Units (UC), delivering those areas definitely to the environmental transgressors. This study evaluates the Floresta Estadual de Rendimento Sustentável do Rio Mequéns (FERS), which is a conservation unit created in 1990 and revoked in 2010 due to Rondônia government requirement.
This paper presents the results of the studies performed on the FERS Mequéns River, especially in the first years of its existence. From the analysis of data, a landed profile was made for the referred conservation
unit, considering as indicators immovable properties, dimensions, utilization, time of occupation and other elements, such as the profile of the owners of the immovable properties and the population inhabiting the space of the UC. The main factors that contributed to the occupation of the FERS Mequéns River were also documented.
Introduction: The academic discussion on landscape expresses one of the most significant theoretical-methodological entry point of geography towards an integrating debate between society and nature. Besides, this approach has been used as an alternative to sectorial planning, which has displaced nature from cultures, deflating the current understanding of problems related to environmental degradation, and fragmentation and transformation of landscape. Objective: In this context, the present study aims to: (1) understand the geographic academic work in Brazil by examining scientific publications about the concept of landscape, between 2006 and 2016; and (2) briefly analyze the structure and dynamics of the national landscape complex. Methods: To that end, bibliometric research was carried out using scientific journals on Brazilian Geography by spotting different variables and seeking to understand the current state of research and the perspectives and tendencies in those scientific publications. Later on, based on Ross's, 2006, proposal about natural systems of (little and strongly transformed) landscapes, a discussion was held about the state of such Brazilian landscape mosaics. Results: At first, the study revealed a tendency towards the use of an integrative approach that relates landscape, local scale, river basins and environmental themes. Subsequently, the study identified four little-transformed natural landscapes and nine strongly transformed ones, which points to the heritage of old and recent processes of liaison between society and nature. Conclusion: It is hoped that the present discussion will serve as a basis for future research on the topic, not only from a theoretical perspective but also, and especially, from an applied perspective geared to territorial planning. Keywords: Integrated Physical Geography, Landscape, Environment, Bibliometrics, Brazil.
North Atlantic sector. Its dipole structure remains visible throughout the entire year.
Although the atmospheric mechanisms that govern the NAO are beyond the scope of
knowledge, the comprehension of its effects is widespread, even though forecasting it poses a great challenge. Providing important information to this challenge, at the present time, trends are contributing with vital data for a perception of the NAO variability over time.
The weather in the Iberian Peninsula and Portugal is strictly related to the NAO phase
(positive or negative), and therefore to all its elements. However, precipitation, out of allweather elements, is by far the most reliant on the phase of this atmospheric dipole. Hence, precipitation such as rain is the major source for river streamflow in the Mediterranean Climate. For that reason, NAO impacts are likely to occur. That fact becomes even more pertinent if we consider that the NAO explains more atmospheric variability during boreal winter (December to March) which is the period with the most significant rainfall across the Iberian Peninsula2 and when extreme hydrological phenomena, namely flood and flooding processes, are more frequent.
Distinctively but in great agreement in their behaviour, Vouga and Mondego hydrographic basins are no exception in their linkage to the NAO with a significant response to rainfall patters imposed by this Oscillation.
The climatic differences and population vulnerability of distinct space-time dimensions reverberate in different situations of socio-environmental risk. Thereby, the objective of this study is to analyze climatic risks and impacts on health in Brazil and Portugal territory; comprising the specificities, territorial dynamics and the different geographies that exist in both countries. For this purpose, published research and studies on human bioclimatology on both territories were selected, moreover, data from World Health Organization (wHO) was collected. This data has been statistically analyzed for the understanding of the morbidity profile differences between Brazilian and Portuguese population, asso-ciated to the climatic risks. It was verified that the vulnerability socio-environmental and risk factors management conditions offer differentiated resilience capacity in the territories. In this context, the use of climatology as an instru-ment for planning and promotion on health is essential for impacts reduction.
Keywords: Climatic risk. Urban climate. Public health. Brazil. Portugal.
Por isso, neste livro de Homenagem, que reúne 28 trabalhos de 40 autores, são tratados estes temas, dando uma panorâmica recente e actualizada dos estudos de Geografia Humana e de Turismo, de grande utilidade para investigadores, docentes e estudantes destas
áreas científicas.
Território: Novos Arranjos”, realizado entre a Universidade Estadual de
Londrina – BRASIL e a Universidade de Coimbra – PORTUGAL. Tem o
patrocínio da CAPES e FCT.
Reconhecer, inventariar, estudar paisagens e seus elementos de
caracterização deve fazer parte de discussões para desenvolvimento de
estratégias futuras de conservação, proteção e preservação. Pressupõe a
análise de sobreposição de concepções segundo a representação cultural e
social, território produzido, complexo sistêmico e espaço de experiências,
entre outros.
Sob esse aspecto, as visitas, trabalhos de campo e expedições são
vitais para um reconhecimento aprofundado da paisagem e território.
À guisa de introdução, é apresentado um artigo que faz a análise
exploratória e notas de expedições em Brasil e Portugal. Segue em
seqüência, um estudo baseado em croquis, sobre as diferentes formas
de olhar a paisagem portuguesa. No próximo artigo é apresentado um
estudo sobre a experiência da paisagem através de percurso em Coimbra
e Londrina. No terceiro artigo são analisados os componentes e caráter
da paisagem vernacular em Portugal. Em sequência, no quarto artigo,
um estudo sobre águas subterrâneas de abastecimento em Londrina.
Finalmente no ultimo artigo, são apresentadas notas de campo, com olhar
geográfico, sobre Londrina, realizados por pesquisadores de Coimbra.
Olhar, perceber, dissecar paisagens e territórios. Os estudos ora
apresentados servem de subsidio à continuidade de futuras pesquisas.
et l’érosion côtière sévère (André et Cordeiro, 2010).
La plaine côtière que nous allons visiter présente de vastes dunes, largement couvertes de pinèdes (Pinus pinaster dominant), avec des morphologies diversifiées qui ne sont pas encore significativement
affectées par les actions anthropiques, offrant de bonnes conditions pour l’étude des caractéristiques morpho-sédimentaires et l’interprétation des conditions environnementales contrôlant sa genèse
(André et al., 2009).
Comme «les paysages hérités aujourd’hui, ils montrent de manière assez éloquente une évolution complexe et souvent difficile à déchiffrer» (Reis et al., 2007), il est également prévu de montrer certains aspects du paysage, notamment en ce qui concerne les caractéristiques de la géologie, de la géomorphologie et du géopatrimoine, qui reçoivent aussi l’ancienne mémoire de la naissance de l’Atlantique.
La zone que nous visitons est intégrée dans une unité morphostructurale appelée Bassin Lusitanien (Fig. 1). Le Bassin Lusitanien correspond à une unité morphostructurale allongée NNESSW
sur environ 275 km, avec une largeur de 150 km et une épaisseur des sédiments maximale d’environ 5 km. Sa définition est initiée au Trias, en association avec l’ouverture de l’Atlantique Nord,dan s le système de la croûte terrestre d’étirement et de l’affaissement contrôlé par des failles. L’ Orla mesocenozoïque occidental du Portugal se compose essentiellement de sédiments déposé dans le Bassin Lusitanien de suite remobilisés pour l’activité tectonique en compression.
Dans la transition du Trias au Jurassique, la sédimentation endoréique a été essentiellement détritique et continentale remplacée à partir du Hettangien par des matières saumâtres et marines, de marnes et évaporites. Du Trias au Jurassique il y a un changement important dans le cadre du climat correspondant au territoire portugais actuel, car Iberia, comme d’autres masses terrestres de l’hémisphère nord en raison de la fragmentation de la Pangée, migre d’un endroit dans la gamme de
climat chaud avec vigueur saison sèche par un endroit intertropical, encore chaud mais humide. Le processus de rifting a créé une topographie irrégulière et dynamique de blocs limitée par des failles
normales.
À son tour, au cours du Jurassique moyen et du Jurassique supérieur, ces blocs délimités par des failles normales ont été succédés par des lithofaciès de plate-forme carbonatée marginale et peu profondes, carbonates et lutites hemipelágiques et aussi profondes dans la succession perturbée par des épisodes régressifs de nature eustatique ou intrabasinal. Au début du Jurassique supérieur a un cloisonnement tectonique de l’écart en petits blocs avec différents rematch tectoniques impliquant la mobilisation par halokinésie des termes les plus anciens sédimentaires du bassin, couvert par la série sédimentaire épaisse.
La majeure partie du bassin a émergé au cours du Crétacé inférieur marqué par la sédimentation fluviale, deltaïque ou marins peu profonds ou même l’érosion. De l’Aptien, avec le début de la formation de la croûte océanique sur toute la marge ouest ibérique, un contexte de marge passive se produit. Les cloques et la distension associées à l’installation de croûte océanique ont provoqué des phases d’enquête régionales, toujours accompagnées d’halokinésie. La transgression enregistrée lors du passage au Crétacé supérieur a permis la fermeture totale du bassin (Freitas et al., 2010).
Despite the significant advances that have been made at the European Union (EU) level in terms of health inequality measurement, there is still a lack of comparable health-related data across countries and regions 1. Existing measures and indicators of health status and quality of life are considered inadequate2 to capture the holistic understanding of population health, with multiple determinants involved. Particularly lacking are the explanations as to why some populations are healthier than others, what policies are needed to address unjust inequalities, what research agenda is required, and where resources should be allocated. The EURO HEALTHY project has contributed by responding to this challenge and applying a multi- and trans-disciplinary approach and methodology to enable the appraisal and comparison of population health and inequalities in multiple dimensions, within and across countries and regions. Under this framework, a multidimensional and multilevel measure – the EURO HEALTHY Population Health Index (PHI) – was built to evaluate European population health in a wide range of areas of concern, dimensions and indicators of health determinants and health outcomes. The Atlas is a reflection of the results obtained via the application of the PHI to the European regions. The EURO HEALTHY Atlas of Population Health in European Union Regions is a comprehensive guide illustrating what is known, that is, which are the most and least healthy regions in European Union, what are the current determinants shaping the future health outcomes of those regions, how the opportunity for good health differs among those regions and how health can be improved. The Atlas synthesizes the outputs of the EURO HEALTHY project, which aims to promote health equity through a systematic analysis of health determinants and health outcomes, following a holistic understanding of population health. This work is a part of a new effort to provide evidence on integrated and quantified key factors impacting population health and geographical health inequalities across European countries and 269 NUTS 2 regions. This level of analysis was chosen given that it is the statistical unit applied by the European Structural and Investment Funds (ESIF) to define regional boundaries and to determine geographic eligibility for receiving funding. Regional eligibility provides essential opportunities to address and invest in interventions that tackle health inequalities across NUTS 2 regions which are split into three groups: I) less developed regions (with GDP per inhabitant less than 75% of the EU27 average); II) transition regions (with GDP per inhabitant between 75% and 90% of the EU27 average); and III) more developed regions (with GDP per inhabitant greater than 90% of the EU27 average). To make use of the ESIF funding instruments, knowledge transfer is crucial. Therefore, the Atlas aims to communicate fundamental information in a user-friendly way to inform the work of those concerned with understanding and reducing the health gap in Europe. The findings demonstrate a high degree of variation in the geographical distribution of health determinants and health outcomes, emphasizing that inequalities still persist in Europe. The identified inequalities can be understood through the analysis of environmental, social, economic and lifestyle/ behavioural patterns. The regional indicators are presented for the following 17 health dimensions: employment, income and living conditions, social protection, security, education, demographic change, lifestyle and health behaviours, pollution, housing conditions, water and sanitation, waste management, road safety, healthcare resources, healthcare expenditure, healthcare performance, mortality and morbidity.
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servindo de ensejo para a valorização das temáticas da sustentabilidade territorial e do estudo de modos de redução de impactes ambientais. As paisagens de água emergem, no entanto, cada vez mais com valor cultural, lúdico, de entretenimento e turístico. Neste “novo” cenário, o lazer e o turismo adquirem significados económicos, sociais, culturais e simbólicos particularmente relevantes. Os rios, os estuários, os lagos, o mar são hoje palco de novas utilizações - turismo náutico, iatismo, turismo fluvial, animação turística, rotas e itinerários de visitação turística em ambiente marítimo e fluvial, praias fluviais, desportos e atividades radicais, pesca desportiva, entre outras. Na parte III, denominada Políticas e Gestão da Água, são abordadas políticas que atribuem um papel importante e determinante à água, enquanto elemento ambiental e recurso natural. São igualmente, discutidos problemas e questões ligadas à gestão da água, que se prendem com a desigual distribuição e acesso, com sua qualidade e com a necessidade de adotar novos modelos de governação ao nível da bacia hidrográfica, em particular, e ao nível domínio hídrico, em geral. Perante estes grandes desafios, tanto formuladores de políticas como planificadores precisam de fazer muito mais para melhor compreender e gerir com eficiência e sustentabilidade os recursos hídricos de que dispomos. A última parte, Água, Educação e Cultura, reflete a importância que a educação pode ter na construção de novos conceitos, na mudança de hábitos e no diálogo intergeracional. Apesar das questões ligadas à água, enquanto tema educacional, poderem ser abordadas sob diversas perspetivas e em várias áreas disciplinares, na Geografia emergem sob duas perspetivas principais: a água enquanto recurso e os riscos associados à água. Neste contexto, é importante educar para a preservação da água enquanto recurso e para a mitigação das consequências da manifestação dos riscos climático-hidrológicos e de poluição, através da adoção quer de medidas coletivas, quer de medidas individuais. Por último, a água emerge como um dos elementos centrais da reprodução não somente material mas também simbólica dos territórios, capaz de captar materialidades, espacialidades e imaterialidades, que se manifestam de maneira simbólica, imaginária, afetiva, mas sempre complementares, nas interpretações geográficas. A água assume-se, assim, neste século, como um recurso estratégico e a sua gestão corresponde a um desafio transversal à sociedade, por envolver não só as comunidades científica, política, empresarial e ligada à gestão territorial, mas também cada cidadão, nas suas ações individuais e/ou coletivas.
Keywords:
Contemporary environmental issue. Environmental crisis. Environmental public policies. Environmental management.
Dans le cadre du projet PALÆOCÔA, les données géologiques (tectonique et sédimentologique), géomorphologiques, archéologiques et géochronologiques de la basse vallée du Côa sont interprétées selon une approche géo-archéologique, afin d’établir le cadre paléogéographique et paléoclimatique local et éventuellement régional du Quaternaire, basé sur des séquences sédimentaires alluviales et colluviales qui conservent un registre archéologique particulièrement riche.