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The ''' Townshend Acts''' were a series of acts passed, beginning in 1767, by the [[Parliament of Great Britain]] relating to the [[British America|British colonies]] in North America. The acts are named after Charles Townshend, the [[Chancellor of the Exchequer]], who proposed the programme. Historians vary slightly in which acts they include under the heading "Townshend Acts", but six laws are often mentioned: the [[Revenue Act of 1767]], the [[Indemnity Act]], the [[Commissioners of Customs Act]], the [[Vice Admiralty Court Act]], and the [[New York Restraining Act]].<ref>Dickerson (''Navigation Acts'', 195–95) for example, writes that there were four Townshend Acts, and does not mention the New York Restraining Act, which Chaffin says was "officially a part of the Townshend Acts" ("Townshend Acts", 128).</ref> |
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The ''' Townshend Acts''' were a series of acts passed, beginning in 1767, by the [[Parliament of Great Britain]] relating to the [[British America|British colonies]] in North America. The acts are named after Charles Townshend, the [[Chancellor of the Exchequer]], who proposed the programme. Historians vary slightly in which acts they include under the heading "Townshend Acts", but six laws are often mentioned: the [[Revenue Act of 1767]], the [[Indemnity Act]], the [[Commissioners of Customs Act]], the [[Vice Admiralty Court Act]], and the [[New York Restraining Act]].<ref>Dickerson (''Navigation Acts'', 195–95) for example, writes that there were four Townshend Acts, and does not mention the New York Restraining Act, which Chaffin says was "officially a part of the Townshend Acts" ("Townshend Acts", 128).</ref> |
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The purpose of the Townshend Acts was to raise revenue in the colonies to pay the salaries of governors and judges so that they would remain loyal to Great Britain, to create a more effective means of enforcing compliance with trade regulations, to punish the [[province of New York]] for failing to comply with the 1765 [[Quartering Act]], and to establish the precedent that the British Parliament had the right to tax the colonies.<ref>Chaffin, "Townshend Acts", 126.</ref> The Townshend Acts were met with resistance in the colonies, prompting the occupation of [[Boston]] by British troops in 1768, which eventually resulted in the [[Boston Massacre]] of 1770. |
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The purpose of the Townshend Acts was to raise revenue in the colonies to pay the salaries of governors and judges so that they would remain loyal to Great Britain, to create a more effective means of enforcing something like compliance with trade regulations, to punish the [[province of New York]] for failing to comply with the 1765 [[Quartering Act]], and to establish the precedent that the British Parliament had the right to tax the colonies.<ref>Chaffin, "Townshend Acts", 126.</ref> The Townshend Acts were met with resistance in the colonies, prompting the occupation of [[Boston]] by British troops in 1768, which eventually resulted in the [[Boston Massacre]] of 1770. |
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As a result of widespread protest in the American colonies, Parliament began to consider a motion to partially repeal the Townshend duties.<ref>Chaffin, "Townshend Acts", 143.</ref> Most of the new taxes were repealed, but the tax on tea was retained. The British government continued in its attempt to [[No taxation without representation|tax the colonists without their consent]] and the [[Boston Tea Party]] and the [[American Revolution]] followed. |
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As a result of widespread protest in the American colonies, Parliament began to consider a motion to partially repeal the Townshend duties.<ref>Chaffin, "Townshend Acts", 143.</ref> Most of the new taxes (these dumb ace taxes) were repealed, but the tax on tea was retained. The British government continued in its attempt to [[No taxation without representation|tax the colonists without their consent]] and the [[Boston Tea Party]] and the [[American Revolution]] followed. |
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==Background== |
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==Background== |
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