Instructors: Jean Camp and Jonathan Zittrain
Monday / Wednesday 4:00 - 5:30 p.m.
Weiner Auditorium, Taubman, KSG
Last Updated: 26 April 2000 (11:15 a.m.)
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The Internet had an unusual and deliberate birth. Its development is a fascinating story of technology, politics and inspiration. Dave Clark, one of the fathers of the Internet, will tell that story.
Dr. Dave Clark, Senior Research Scientist, Advanced Network Architecture Group, MIT Laboratory for Computer Science
-Sharon E. Gillett, MIT & Mitchell Kapor, Kapor Enterprises on what is the Internet
-University Corporation For Advanced Internet
Development
-The Internet Engineering Task Force homepage
-A tutorial on the
Internet.
-Yahoo! has an
excellent section on Internet history
-Barry M. Leiner et al. A Brief
History of the Internet
-Robert H. Zakon, Hobbes'
Internet Timeline v3.Zen and the Art of
the Internet also available as a text for money if one finds it very interesting. Read
as much as you need to.
-Next Generation Internet Initiative
(February 7 and 9)
There is a conflict between speech and intellectual property, and between my right to read anonymously and the author's right to be paid. Are these inherent conflicts? How might we err, and how dangerous might that be, and to whom?
-Julie Cohen "Some
Reflections on Copyright Management Systems and Laws Designed to Protect Them," 12
Berkeley Tech. L.J. 161 (1997).
-Mark Stefik. Shifting
the Possible: How Trusted Systems and Digital Property Rights Challenge Us to Rethink
Digital Publishing, 12 Berkeley Tech. L.J. 137 (1997).
-John Perry Barlow. The
Economy of Ideas
-Julie Cohen. The Right to
Read Anonymously
-Mark Stefik. Trusted
Systems. Scientific American.
-League for Programming Freedom. Against
Software Patents (CACM 1/92)
-Heckel "Debunking
the software patent myths ( CACM 6/92)
-Pam Samuelson: Copyright
and Fair Use in the Digital Age
-Finding
a Balance, the Executive Summary
-Introduction to patenting
-17 U.S.C. 107,
Fair Use
-NOTs
on the Net: Early History of NOTs
-Jonathan Band, Digital Millennium Copyright Act Analysis (especially Title I).
-17 USC ch. 10, Digital Audio
Recording Devices and Media (browse online)
-Look
at the DVD Story in this case Jon Johansen made it possible to play DVDs on machines
using the Linux operating system -- previously only Windows users could use the player
provided. He is accused of breaking intellectual property protection. This case will be
interesting as it moves forward.
-Joe
Nickell, Samples Silence Negativeland, WiredNews, Sept. 1, 1998.
-Listen to "U2/Negativeland:
The Forbidden Single"
-Sony Corp. v. Universal
City Studios, Inc. 464 U.S. 417 (1984).
-Charles C.Mann.Who
Will Own Your Next Good Idea?The Atlantic Monthly, Sept. 1998.
-Life
Liberty and the Pursuit of Copyright, Atlantic Unbound roundtable, Sept. 1998. (browse
online)
-Courtney Macavinta Scientologists
in Trademark Dispute.
(February 14 and 16)
Privacy is the right to be let alone, rights of seclusion, and the right to act without surveillance (rights of autonomy).
Simson Garfinkel, author of "The Death of Privacy"
Monday:
Wednesday:
-Larry Lessig, Code and Other Laws of Cyberspace, Chapter 11: Privacy (pp.
142-163). Please either buy the book or read it on reserve at the KSG or HLS
librairies. Buy it here if you wish: <http://code-is-law.org/getit.html>.
-Solveig Singleton, Privacy as
Censorship: A Skeptical View of Proposals to Regulate Privacy in the Private Sector,
Cato Policy Analysis No. 295, January 22, 1998.
-FTC, Privacy
Online: A Report to Congress, June 1998, parts I
&V (skim).
-Justin Boyan. I Can See You
-FTC Press Release
on the Settlement with Geocities
-FTC Letter on
KidsCom
-KidsCom site (be sure to read the privacy
statement)
-P3P and Privacy on the Web FAQ
-Connie
Guglielmo & Will Rodger, "Can Net Privacy Coexist with E-Commerce?,"
Interactive Week Online, Dec. 17, 1997
-Joel R. Reidenberg, Lex Infomatica, 76 Tex. L. Rev. 553 (1997).
-Reno v. ACLU
-Platform for Internet Content
Selection (PICS)
-Electronic Frontier Foundation
-Free Speech Now
-Center for Democracy and Technology
-EPIC Web site
-The Legal Challenge
to the Child Online Protection Act: Summary
-Opinion
of the court granting a preliminary injunction against the Child Online Protection Act
-TRUSTe
(February 23 - Jean Camp)
- A. Michael Froomkin. The Metaphor is the Key:
Cryptography, The Clipper Chip, and The Constitution. Technical Appendix.
- Jean Camp. Trust
and Risk in Internet Commerce. Chapter 3
- Jean Camp. Trust and Risk in Internet Commerce. Chapter 4 and Chapter 5
(February 28 - Jean Camp)
Is wiretap a Federal right or a passing technological anomaly? What is public key and how does it differ from private key? How does the Internet differ from the phone, cable TV, and broadcast networks. What part of that difference is critical for human freedom, and what elements are a risk to the common safety? The conflict between individual rights and societal security is continuing on the information infrastructure. One of the critical elements in this conflict is the role of encryption -- technology which prevents individuals other than a message recipient from intercepting a communication. IS this a fundamental freedom critical to autonomy or a tool for subversion even of the network infrastructure itself.
Marc Rotenberg
-EPIC. Critical
Infrastructure Protection and the Endangerment of Civil Liberties. An Assessment
Presidents Commission on Critical (PCCIP)
-Executive Summary from Critical Foundations:
Protecting America's Infrastructures. The Report of the President's Commission on Critical
Infrastructure Protection
Note: It is very difficult to download only the Executive Summary so you have to
download the entire thing as one pdf. The content most necessary for our discussion
can be found in a subset of the pages. (pp 13-17; 37-40; 109-115; 120-128) for those not
wishing to read the whole thing.
- Computer Science and
Telecommunications Board. Download the executive summary from the Nov 96 report,
Cryptography's Role in Securing the Information Society.
-Froomkin, The Metaphor
is the Key: Cryptography, the Clipper Chip and the Constitution . Sections I A,
B, and C1, Section II and III, (and the appendix if you need it)
-Tim May, The Crypto
Anarchist Manifesto
-Consider the possibility of Flooding
the Net: Availability attacks as speech
-What
is a wiretap, a short description.
-See also the definitions
from the privacy discussion
-An excellent bibliography,
and not enough people use pink backgrounds
-David
Brin, The Transparent Society, Wired, Dec. 1996.
-NSTAC
-A really cool set of
cyberpunk quotes and writing.
-Worms, Viruses, Trojan
horses
-Electronic
Sabotage
-EPIC on Digital Telephony
(March 1 - Jonathan Zittrain)
-Zeran v. America Online, Inc.,
129 F.3d 327 (4th Cir. 1997).
-United States v. Jake Baker and Arthur Gonda,
890 F. Supp. 1375 (E.D. Mich.1995)
-The Communications Decency Act of 1996
of the Telecommunications Act of 1996, Public Law No. 104-104, 110 Stat. 56 (1996)
-United
States Constitution, First Amendment
(Mar 6 - Jean Camp)
It is often noted that the problems facing this generation of information technology, including privacy and issues of quality in journalism, also accompanied the introduction of the last generation of information technologies, i.e. lithography, portable photography, and affordable newsprint. It is less rarely noted that the problem of unacceptable content was also an issue in the nineteenth century. Today, on the verge of the information age is there risk of repeated the same errors. The conditions in society today parallel the conditions which enabled Comstock's success. The conditions conducive to Comtockery were the rise of a new rich and fundamental economic changes which together created uncertainty about the future for the middle class.
Or maybe it really is all about protecting the children.
Julie Cohen
-The
Bertelsmann Proposal
-Global Iinternet Liberty
Campaign. "Impact of Self-Regulation and Filtering on Human Rights to Freedom of
Expression"
-CPSR Filtering FAQ
Filtering and Blocking
Pro:
-SurfWatch Core Category
Criteria
-Cyber Patrol Fact Sheet
-The Plain Facts About Internet Content
Filtering, Cyber Sitter
-Frequently Asked Questions About Dotsafe
Internet Access
-Hate Filter Frequently
Asked Questions
Con:
-Brock N. Meeks & Declan McCullagh, Jacking
in from the "Keys to the Kingdom" Port, CyberWire Dispatch (1996)
-Lawrence Lessig, Tyranny
of the Infrastructure, Wired 5.07 (July 1997)
-Intel v.
Hamidi - Tentative Ruling on Motion for Summary Judgement, April 28, 1999
-Carl S. Kaplan, Echoes of the Railroad Age in AOL Decision, Cyber
Law Journal, July 3, 1998 (free registration required).
-Blumenthal v. Drudge, 992 F.Supp. 44 (D.C.D.C. 1998).
-Judson Branam. Student with On-Line Fantasy Can't Go to Class Feb. 7, 1995.
-Red Lion Broad. Co. v. FCC. 395 U.S. 367 (1969).
-Turner
Broad. v. FCC. 520 U.S. 180 (1997).
-Marsh v. Alabama. 326 U.S. 501 (1946).
-Compuserve Inc. v. Cyber Promotions, Inc. 962 F. Supp. 1015 (S.D. Oh.
1996).
-Cyber
Promotions, Inc. v. America Online. 948 F. Supp. 436 (E.D. Pa. 1996).
-Amy Harmon Hacker Group Commandeers Times Web Site. The New York Times on the
Web, Sept. 14, 1998. (Free registration required.)
-Electronic Disturbance
Theater
-EDT Letter to
Supporters
-Ben Elgin Online
Barbie Hunt Draws Criticism, ZDNet, Nov. 26, 1997.
-The Distorted
Barbie
-Jonathan Wallace. "CyberPatrol:
The Friendly Censor"
-Letter from
Morality in Media Opposing the Decision by CyberPatrol to Block the American Family
Association Web Site On Grounds of "Intolerance"
-What
Things Regulate Speech: CDA 2.0 v. Filtering (pdf file)
-Enough is Enough (browse online)
-Peacefire.org
(browse online)
-Child Online
Protection Act
-Library
net filters violate free speech
-Parodies
of Scientology Web Graphics
-Scientology home page
-White
v. Samsung Electronics America.989 F.2d 1512 (9th Cir. 1993) (Kosinski, J.,
dissenting)
(Mar 8 - Jonathan Zittrain)
- Lawrence Lessig, Code and Other Laws of Cyberspace, Chapter 12:
"Free Speech," (pp. 164-85), which you should have purchased by now
or have found on reserve at either the KSG or HLS libraries. Be sure to
read carefully the passages on PICS (pp. 177-8). Also, you might recall
the first chapter assigned from Prof. Lessig's book, (on "Privacy",
pp. 142-63), which discusses the closely-related notion of P3P technologies.
-Memorandum Opinion,
Mainstream Loudoun v. Loudoun County Library, U.S. District Court, Eastern District of
Virginia, Case No. 97-2049-A. (November 23, 1998)
-Mainstream Loudoun v.
Loudoun County Library, (Tech Law Journal Summary)
-Jonathan Zittrain The Rise and Fall of Sysopdom 10 Harv. J. L. Tech. 495
(1997)
Skim:
-Board
of Education v. Pico
-ACLU Report on Filtering and Blocking entitled "Fahrenheit
451.2: Is Cyberspace Burning?"
Recall:
-Reno v. ACLU (which was previously listed in Week 3 and to which Jonathan Zittrain has made reference several times in class)
(March 13 - Jonathan Zittrain)
Code to a legal mind is that which details what actions are possible in the analog world. Code to a technical mind is that which details what actions are possible in the digital world. At the trivial level, both are code because they are both pre-arranged sets of meanings assigned to particular symbols. Code and standards can govern as effectively as or even more effectively than the law. Who sets the standards for the Internet?
Scott Bradner, Senior Technical Consultant, Harvard University Information Systems and Office of the Provost; Area Director, Internet Engineering Task Force. IESG Member. ARIN trustee, ISOC Trustee and VP for Standards; ITU Liaison.
Joseph Reagle of the World Wide Web Consortium
(Link to website with Joseph Reagle's Notes)
-Scott Bradner, "The IETF"
(A chapter from Open Sources: Voices from the Open Source Revolution; you
do not have to read the whole book (unless you want to)).
- W3C Consortium
- Lawrence Lessig, Code and Other Laws of Cyberspace, Chapter 4:
"Architectures of Control," (pp. 30-43).
- Lawrence Lessig, Code and Other Laws of Cyberspace, Chapters 1 - 3, (pp. 3-29).
(March 15 - Jean Camp)
-Vincent and Camp. "Standards as Governance."
-Interoperability
and Standards (via Policy Gateway)
Note: To get to the section on Interoperability and Standards click "Browse
the Policy Gateway - Short Version" and then select
"Telecommunications Policy"
-Economics of Networks
Internet Site at NYU.
-Interoperability
and the Economics of Information Infrastructure (draft papers)
-New
Domains And IANAs Role
(March 20 - Jean Camp)
The stock markets have recently sent open source companies to new and amazing highs. Perhaps even the mighty Microsoft perceives the stirrings of a potential threat. What is this open source? The readings will describe open source, and also free software. Where open source is about customer value and strategic business choices; free software is about human autonomy. Free software sometimes called libre to distinguish it from gratis, that is free as in free speech not free beer.
Richard Stallman
-The GPL Manifesto.
-Richard Stallman.
The GNU Operating System and the Free Software Movement.
-Tim O'Reilly. Hardware
Software and Infoware.
-Lawrence Lessig. Reclaiming
the Commons.
(March 22 - Jonathan Zittrain)
Jonathan Zittrain, "The
Un-Microsoft Un-Remedy: Law Can Prevent the Problem That it Can't Patch Later,"
31 Connecticut L. Rev. 1361 (1999). This link will lead you to the .pdf
file of this paper, which you'll need to view using Adobe Acrobat.
- Industry Standard, "Microsoft,
Feds enter final round"
- New York Times, "Closing
Arguments Underscore Gap Between Microsoft and U.S." This link
will lead you to the New York Times on-line; you may need to sign in for free
with the New York Times to access this article. If you do not wish to do
so, please look it up on Lexis-Nexis or in hardcopy in the library.
- Red Herring, "The
Case Against the Microsoft Suit"
(April 3 - Jonathan Zittrain)
- Jonathan Zittrain and Austan Goolsbee, Evaluating
the Costs and Benefits of Taxing Internet Commerce, 52 National Tax Journal
413 (1999). This link will take you to the abstract of this paper and a the
page from which you can download the paper itself using Adobe Acrobat.
- National Governors' Association proposal on Internet Taxation, Streamlined
Sales Tax System for the 21st Century
- Policy.com briefing, "Will
Taxing E-commerce Be a 'Net Gain'?"
- New York Times, "U.S.
Panel Can't Agree on Internet Sales Tax" (this March 22, 2000
article from the New York Times requires registration to view; if you don't care
to register, you can obviously also access this article on Nexis or in the
library)
- Jack Kemp, Governors'
Scheme to Tax Internet is Questionable and Unsound
- Browse: National Governors' Association, E-Quality:
Ensuring a Level Playing Field for American Business
- Washington Post, "Proposals
Seek Delay of Internet Sales Tax"
- NetWorkFusion.com, "Clinton
Calls for Eventual Internet Taxation"
- US Department of the Treasury, Selected
Tax Policy Implications of Global Electronic Commerce (November 22, 1996)
(April 5 - Jonathan Zittrain)
- National Journal, "ICANN't
Believe What They're Doing"
- Business Week Online, "What's
in a Name?"
- The New York Times, "What's in a Name?" (Jeri Clausing, March 13,
2000) (to be distributed in hard-copy)
- The Tao of IETF -- A Guide for New
Attendees of the Internet Engineering Task Force (Humble Beginnings)
- Original Letter from Ralph
Nader and James Love to Esther Dyson, June 11, 1999
- Response Letter from
Esther Dyson, June 15, 1999
- ICANN Status Report
to the Department of Commerce, June 15, 1999
- The Industry Standard, "ICANN:
Slow as the Nile"
- Check out the upcoming IPO of coolsavings.com
- United States Department of Commerce, White
Paper: Management of Internet Names and Numbers
- Preliminary
Report: Meeting of the ICANN Board in Cairo, 10 March 2000
(April 10 - Jean Camp)
The old media and the new medium co-exist but are converging. Is convergence creative destruction or business evolution? How will convergence change the role of the FCC? How will convergence change the industries? Is the medium the message?
Bob Pepper, FCC
-The
Digital Tornado
-European Union: The Green Paper
-Defending the
Internet Revolution in the Broadband Era: When Doing Nothing is Doing Harm
-This would have been the required reading,
including definitions, history, discussion. Unfortunately the figures do not
load. Still an excellent background.
-The OpenNet Coalition dedicated
to open access.
-The local open access org Massachusetts
local access.
-H. H. Lalani, Broadband
Networks: The First Hundred Feet: The local access network perspective.
Outlines stake holders.
-D. Clark, A Taxonomy of
Internet Telephony Applications from the Internet
Telephony Consortium.
-S. E. Gillett, Technological
Change, Market Structure, and Universal Service outlines the principles
of the next regime in universal.
-A workshop
held by IEEE and Cornell on the Telecom Infrastructure in the Next
Decade. Includes four papers describing all the technologies and four
scenarios.
(April 12 - Jean Camp)
As part of convergence concerns of universal service become concerns about the 'Digital Divide". The digital divide has global and national components. Coralee Whitcomb is president of CPSR and founder of Virtually Wired - a computing resource center for the homeless. Nolan Bowie is a senior academic and activist in the digital divide issues.
Coralee Whitcomb, Nolan Bowie
-December 1999 issue of imp on Access: Where, Who, How, Why?. All the articles. They are short and light.
-The NTIA reports and sites are available at: Falling
through the Net
-Digital Divide: a PBS special
on computer use by gender, race, and class
-Closing the Digital Divide describes
efforts, upcoming conferences, and problems in addressing the digital divide.
-A history of
Universal Service
-Benton Library on Universal
Service
-FCC Universal
Service Home Page
-Universal Access
Project (UAP)
-Alliance For Public technology
Theses readings on the Global Digital Divide are relevant not only to this
class but also dovetail with the topics of April 17th and 24th:
-Softbank is an effort to close the
global digital divide.
-GrameenPhone is trying to bring
connectivity to the landless
-ITU Development Sector -
Universal Access and Rural Home
(April 17 - Jean Camp)
"How many divisions does the Pope have?" The Catholic Church could had no formal power but has managed to stand as the Soviet Union collapsed. Power comes in many forms in the networked world.
Dean Joseph Nye
-Robert O. Keohane and Joseph S. Nye, Jr.
Power and Interdependence in the Information Age
-JP Barlow, A
Declaration of the Independence of Cyberspace
-Foucault
In Cyberspace: Surveillance, Sovereignty, and Hard-Wired Censors
-Tim May, The
Crypto Anarchist Manifesto
-Ironically I think the best thing is in text form:
The Rise of the Network Society
(April 19 - Jonathan Zittrain)
Conventional Wisdom, circa 1995-1996:
ISPs and Portals: Eyeballs, Eyeballs, Eyeballs (or, Content is King)
- RedHerring.com, "Bursting
out of the Garage ... and Onto the Internet" and "Road
Map for the Internet"
- Upside.com, "Tim
Koogle Defends Yahoo's Outrageous Valuation"
Conventional Wisdom, circa 1997-1998:
B2C: E-commerce Takes Center Stage (or, Sell 'em Stuff)
- RedHerring.com, "Give
or Take $100 Billion" and "Electronic
Commerce"
- Upside.com, "Diary
of a Start-up"
Conventional Wisdom, circa 1999-2000:
B2Bs, Infrastructure Plays, Wireless Devices ... (or, The Road to
Profitability is a Must?)
- Forbes, "When
Start-ups Become Blow-ups"
- RedHerring.com, "Yahoo
and AOL Get Down to Business"
- CNET, "Taking
Stock of 1999"
- Fortune, "The
B2B Tool that Really Is Changing the World"
Reality Check?
- Check out what's happened to the coolsavings.com IPO at any financial services
Web site (such as Ragingbull.com, TheStreet.com, ipo.com, etc., or virtually any
large portal, such as Yahoo, AOL, Lycos, etc.).
- The 1996 High-Tech Top Value
Creators
- The Economist, "Hard
Truths for Softbank"
- RedHerring.com, "On-line
Shopping Gets Real"
- garage.com
- itulip.com
- launchcam.com
(April 24 - Jean Camp)
The GII is often spoken of as an collection of NIIs. But these NIIs have fundamentally different starting points, and different governments have different conceptions of national telecommunications needs and goals. Three very different perspectives on the NII and governmental tools will be offered by the three guests who view the problems and promises of a GII for developing countries, Europe, and the United States.
Victor Mayer-Schoenberger
Brian Kahin
Geoffrey Kirkman
- The Computer Systems Policy Project Report on the GII.
Look at category 3, "Social
legal and Regulatory" for papers on global have-nots.
The
National Information Infrastructure: Agenda for Action (1993)
The
Global Information Infrastructure: Agenda for Cooperation (1995)
A
Framework for Global Electronic Commerce (IITF, 1996)
Branscomb and Kahin's Information
Infrastructure Project Home Page
United States National Information
Infrastructure Virtual Library
GII: Global Information Infrastructure
an organization led by Ziff-Davis and it involves a broad alliance of leading global
corporations, institutions and individuals.
GIIC - Global Information Infrastructure
Commission an initiative of the Center for Strategic and International
Studies
GII-GIS Reports
(April 26 - Jonathan Zittrain)
- Paul Vixie, MAPS RBL
Rationale
- Paul Vixie, MAPS RBL Usage
- Getting Into the MAPS RBL
- Getting Off the MAPS RBL
- The Industry Standard, "Spam
Watchdog Floats New Service Ideas"
- Larry Lessig in The Industry Standard, "The
Spam Wars"
- CNET, "NSI
Threatens to Sue Black Hole List Operator"
- New York Times, "In
Spam Case, Another Defeat for State Laws"
- www.orbs.org
- ZDNET, "Spam
Hits the House of Representatives"
- CNET, "Opposed
Groups Agree on Anti-Spam Strategy"
(May 1 - Jean Camp)
1. Tomas, Carlos, Sandra, Eduardo, Gilberto, Samuel
2. Greg, Raefer, Helen
3. Tony, Yoshi, Ben, JW, Oscar
4. Mark, Biao, Simone, Yimei, Jing
5. Thomas, Andy, Marcela, Alina, Kalama, Cui
6. Emma, Serena, Beth, Mark, Rima
(May 3 - Jean Camp)
1. Ron, Roanak, Amy, David, Terry, Nereus (4:07 - 4:22)
2. Sohil, Jonathan, Peter, Sipho (4:24 - 4:39)
3. Jennifer, Norman, Tony (4:41 - 4:56)
4. Phil, Emy, Justin, Kelvin (4:58 - 5:13)
5. Parul, Joe, Rachel, Yehuda (5:15 - 5:30)
