無梗花櫟:修订间差异
删除的内容 添加的内容
小无编辑摘要 |
无编辑摘要 |
||
(未显示6个用户的7个中间版本) | |||
第1行:
{{Speciesbox
|
| species = petraea
| authority = ([[Mattuschka]])[[Liebl.]]
| image = Quercus petraea 06.jpg
| image_caption = 德國[[埃布斯多爾費爾格倫德]]的一棵無梗花櫟
| status = LC
| status_system = IUCN3.1
| status_ref = <ref name="iucn status 19 November 2021">{{cite iucn |author=Gorener, V. |author2=Khela, S. |author3=Barstow, M. |date=2017 |title=''Quercus petraea'' |volume=2017 |page=e.T62539A3116237 |doi=10.2305/IUCN.UK.2017-3.RLTS.T62539A3116237.en |access-date=19 November 2021}}</ref>
| range_map = Quercus petraea range.svg
| range_map_caption =
第50行 ⟶ 第54行:
}}}}
'''無梗花櫟'''([[學名]]:'''''Quercus petraea''''')<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/taxon.pl?30749|title=Quercus sessiliflora Salisb.|publisher=USDA GRIN Taxonomy for Plants|access-date=2013-02-23|archive-date=2015-09-25|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150925132802/http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/taxon.pl?30749|dead-url=no}}</ref>,又稱'''岩生櫟''',分佈於[[歐洲]]及[[安納托利亞]]。
無梗花櫟是[[
== 描述 ==
第59行 ⟶ 第63行:
無梗花櫟是一種大型[[落葉喬木]],隨著緩慢的生長,其高度可達{{convert|25|-|40|m|ft}}。[[葉子]]長達{{convert|7|-|14|cm|in}},寬達{{convert|4|-|8|cm|in}}。其[[橡子]]長達{{convert|2|-|3|cm|in}},寬達{{convert|1|-|2|cm|in}}。<ref>[http://cancerplantsdatabase.com/q-quercuspetraea.php Quercus Petraea] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130202170327/http://cancerplantsdatabase.com/q-quercuspetraea.php |date=2013-02-02 }}, Cnacer Plants Database, [2013-02-23]</ref>
無梗花櫟在四月至五月間開花,九月至十月間種子成熟。其花為[[花序|葇荑花序]],且[[雌雄同株]]。無梗花櫟偏好生長在[[重粘土]]中,且在[[鹼性]]到高[[酸性]]的[[土壤]]中都可以生長。<ref name="use">[http://www.pfaf.org/user/Plant.aspx?LatinName=Quercus+petraea Quercus petraea - (Mattuschaka.)Leibel] {{Wayback|url=http://www.pfaf.org/user/Plant.aspx?LatinName=Quercus+petraea |date=20210125015602 }}, Plants For A Future, [2013-02-23]</ref>
== 用途 ==
第65行 ⟶ 第69行:
=== 食用 ===
無梗花櫟的種子可以食用,例如將其磨成粉末做成[[增稠劑]]或者混入穀類[[麵包]]中。但是種子中有會產生苦味的[[鞣質]],故需要用火烤或者水洗等方法將之除去。<ref>Hedrick. U. P. Sturtevant's Edible Plants of the World.</ref><ref name="Mabey. R.">Mabey. R. Food for Free</ref><ref>Ceres. Free for All</ref><ref name="Triska. Dr">Triska. Dr. Hamlyn Encyclopaedia of Plants.</ref>其烘烤過的[[種子]]可以做成[[咖啡]]代替品,<ref name="Lust. J.">Lust. J. The Herb Book.</ref><ref name="Usher. G. A">Usher. G. A Dictionary of Plants Used by Man.
=== 藥用 ===
無梗花櫟有很長
=== 其他 ===
無梗花櫟的葉子上的物質可以使[[蛞蝓]]和[[蠐螬]]退卻,儘管這些生物並不[[寄生]]在無梗花櫟上。<ref>Riotte. L. Companion Planting for Successful Gardening.</ref><ref>Allardice.P. A - Z of Companion Planting.</ref>其[[栎瘿]]中可能會寄生各種[[昆蟲]]的幼體,當這些昆蟲化蛹之後,便可以使用這些栎瘿來生產[[鞣質]]、用作[[染料]]<ref name="Grieve"/>以及生產[[墨水]]。<ref name="
== 參考資料 ==
{{reflist|2}}
{{refbegin|2}}
* {{en}}[http://rbg-web2.rbge.org.uk/cgi-bin/nph-readbtree.pl/feout?FAMILY_XREF=&GENUS_XREF=Quercus&SPECIES_XREF=petraea&TAXON_NAME_XREF=&RANK= Flora Europaea: ''Quercus petraea''] {{Wayback|url=http://rbg-web2.rbge.org.uk/cgi-bin/nph-readbtree.pl/feout?FAMILY_XREF=&GENUS_XREF=Quercus&SPECIES_XREF=petraea&TAXON_NAME_XREF=&RANK= |date=20120206061147 }}
* Bean, W. J. (1976). ''Trees and shrubs hardy in the British Isles'' 8th ed., revised. John Murray.
* Rushforth, K. (1999). ''Trees of Britain and Europe''. HarperCollins ISBN 0-00-220013-9.
* {{fr icon}}[http://jeanlouis.helardot.free.fr/page_chenes/quercus_petraea.htm Chênes: ''Quercus petraea''] {{Wayback|url=http://jeanlouis.helardot.free.fr/page_chenes/quercus_petraea.htm |date=20200126182813 }}
* [http://linnaeus.nrm.se/flora/di/faga/querc/querpetv.jpg Den virtuella floran - Distribution] {{Wayback|url=http://linnaeus.nrm.se/flora/di/faga/querc/querpetv.jpg |date=20051119175931 }}
{{refend}}
|