Khoàⁿ "Promethium"--ê goân-sí lōe-iông

{{Infobox element
|image name=
|image alt=
|image size=
|image name comment=
|image name 2=File:Promethium spectrum visible.png
|image alt 2=Promethium spectrum visible.png
|image size 2=
|image name 2 comment=Spectral lines of promethium 
|number=61
|symbol=Pm
|name=promethium
|left=[[neodymium]]
|right=[[samarium]]
|above=–
|below=[[neptunium|Np]]
|series=lanthanum-hē
|period=6
|group=n/a
|block=f
|appearance=metallic
|atomic mass= [145]
|electron configuration=&#91;[[xenon|Xe]]&#93; 4f<sup>5</sup> 6s<sup>2</sup>
|electrons per shell=2, 8, 18, 23, 8, 2
|phase=solid
|density gpcm3nrt=7.26
|melting point K=1315
|melting point C=1042
|melting point F=1908
|boiling point K=3273
|boiling point C=3000
|boiling point F=5432
|heat fusion=7.13
|heat vaporization=289
|crystal structure=double hexagonal close packed
|oxidation states='''3''', 2
|oxidation states comment=(a&nbsp;mildly [[base (chemistry)|basic]] oxide)
|electronegativity=1.13
|electronegativity comment=(?)
|number of ionization energies=3
|ionization energy 1=540
|ionization energy 2=1050
|ionization energy 3=2150
|atomic radius=183
|covalent radius=199
|magnetic ordering=[[paramagnetic]]
|magnetic ordering ref=<ref name=magnet>[http://www-d0.fnal.gov/hardware/cal/lvps_info/engineering/elementmagn.pdf Magnetic susceptibility of the elements and inorganic compounds], in Handbook of Chemistry and Physics 81st edition, CRC press.</ref>
|electrical resistivity unit prefix=µ
|electrical resistivity=est. 0.75
|electrical resistivity comment=(at&nbsp;{{abbr|r.t.|room temperature}})
|thermal conductivity=17.9
|thermal expansion=9.0
|thermal expansion ref=<ref>http://www.owlnet.rice.edu/~msci301/ThermalExpansion.pdf</ref>
|thermal expansion comment=(at&nbsp;{{abbr|r.t.|room temperature}})
|Young's modulus=α form: est. 46
|Shear modulus=α form: est. 18
|Bulk modulus=α form: est. 33
|Poisson ratio=α form: est. 0.28
|CAS number=7440-12-2
|isotopes=
{{infobox element/isotopes decay | mn=145 | sym=Pm
 | na=[[synthetic radioisotope|syn]] | hl=17.7&nbsp;y
 | dm=[[electron capture|ε]] | de=0.163 | link1=neodymium-145 | pn=145 | ps=Nd}}
{{infobox element/isotopes decay2 | mn=146 | sym=Pm
 | na=syn | hl=5.53&nbsp;y
 | dm1=ε | de1=1.472 | link1=neodymium-146 | pn1=146 | ps1=Nd
 | dm2=[[beta emission|β<sup>−</sup>]] | de2=1.542 | link2=samarium-146 | pn2=146 | ps2=Sm}}
{{infobox element/isotopes decay | mn=147 | sym=Pm
 | na=[[trace radioisotope|trace]] | hl=2.6234&nbsp;y
 | dm=β<sup>−</sup> | de=0.224 | link1=samarium-147 | pn=147 | ps=Sm}}
|isotopes comment=
|discovered by=[[Chien Shiung Wu]], [[Emilio Segrè]], [[Hans Bethe]]
|discovery date=1942
|first isolation by=[[Charles D. Coryell]], [[Jacob A. Marinsky]], [[Lawrence E. Glendenin]], [[Harold G. Richter]]
|first isolation date=1945
|named by=Grace Mary Coryell
|named date=1945
}}
'''Promethium''' sī 1 ê [[hoà-ha̍k goân-sò͘]]. I ê [[goân-chú-hoan]] sī 61, hoà-ha̍k hû-hō sī Pm.

== Chham-khó ==
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