Separation of powers
Division of a state's government into branches / From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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Separation of powers is the division of a government into branches, each with separate, independent powers and responsibilities, so that the powers of one branch are not in conflict with others. The typical division into three branches of government, sometimes called the trias politica model, includes a legislature, an executive, and a judiciary. It can be contrasted with fusion of powers in many monarchies, but also parliamentary and semi-presidential systems in which overlap can exist in membership and functions between different branches, especially the executive and legislative.
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The intention behind a system of separated powers is to prevent the concentration of power. The separation of powers model is not always to create an outright limited government. It is often imprecisely and metonymically used interchangeably with the trias politica principle. While the trias politica model is a common type of separation, there are governments that have more or fewer than three branches.