SQL Clauses

The following are the various SQL clauses:

1. GROUP BY

• SQL GROUP BY statement is used to arrange identical data into groups. The GROUP BY statement is used with the SQL SELECT statement.
• The GROUP BY statement follows the WHERE clause in a SELECT statement and precedes the ORDER BY clause.
• The GROUP BY statement is used with aggregation function.

Syntax

Sample table:

PRODUCT_MAST

Example:

Output:

Com1   5
Com2   3
Com3   2

2. HAVING

• HAVING clause is used to specify a search condition for a group or an aggregate.
• Having is used in a GROUP BY clause. If you are not using GROUP BY clause then you can use HAVING function like a WHERE clause.

Syntax:

Example:

Output:

Com1   5
Com2   3

3. ORDER BY

• The ORDER BY clause sorts the result-set in ascending or descending order.
• It sorts the records in ascending order by default. DESC keyword is used to sort the records in descending order.

Syntax:

Where

ASC: It is used to sort the result set in ascending order by expression.

DESC: It sorts the result set in descending order by expression.

Example: Sorting Results in Ascending Order

Table:

CUSTOMER

Enter the following SQL statement:

Output:

Example: Sorting Results in Descending Order

Using the above CUSTOMER table

Output: