Papa Adrian VI
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Portrait_of_Pope_Adrian_VI_%28after_Jan_van_Scorel%29.jpg/220px-Portrait_of_Pope_Adrian_VI_%28after_Jan_van_Scorel%29.jpg)
Papa Adrian VI (2 Machi 1459 – 14 Septemba 1523) alikuwa Papa kuanzia tarehe 9 Januari/31 Agosti 1522 hadi kifo chake[1]. Alitokea Utrecht, Uholanzi[2].
Jina lake la kuzaliwa lilikuwa Adriaan Florensz, hivyo hakubadili jina la ubatizo alipochaguliwa kuwa Papa, tofauti na watangulizi na waandamizi karibu wote wa milenia ya pili.
Alimfuata Papa Leo X akafuatwa na Papa Klementi VII.
Maisha
[hariri | hariri chanzo]Mzaliwa wa Utrecht (leo nchini Uholanzi), Adriano alisoma katika chuo kikuu cha Leuven akawa mwalimu wa teolojia na makamu wa gombera huko.
Mwaka 1507 akawa mlezi wa atakayekuwa kaisari Karolo V wa Dola Takatifu la Roma (Ujerumani), ambaye baadaye alimtumia katika nafasi muhimu.
Mwaka 1516, Adriano akawa askofu wa Tortosa, Hispania, halafu hakimu mkuu wa imani wa falme za Aragona na Castilya.
Mwaka 1517 Papa Leo X alimteua kuwa kardinali na mwaka 1522 akachaguliwa kuwa mwandamizi wake.
Adriano alianza upapa wake katikati ya matatizo makubwa ajabu, uenezi wa Walutheri upande wa kaskazini, na wa Waturuki Waosmani upande wa mashariki.
Kuhusu mafundisho ya imani, alikataa kukubaliana na Walutheri, akidai Martin Luther ahukumiwe kuwa mzushi. Hata hivyo, alijitahidi kurekebisha Kanisa Katoliki. Juhudi zake zilishindikana kwa sababu ya kupingwa na makardinali na maaskofu wengi waliofuata anasa kadiri ya mtindo wa Renaissance, tena kwa sababu aliwahi kufa.
Tazama pia
[hariri | hariri chanzo]Maandishi yake
[hariri | hariri chanzo]Tanbihi
[hariri | hariri chanzo]Marejeo
[hariri | hariri chanzo]- Luther Martin. Luther's Correspondence and Other Contemporary Letters, 2 vols., tr. and ed. by Preserved Smith, Charles Michael Jacobs, The Lutheran Publication Society, Philadelphia, Pa. 1913, 1918. vol.I (1507–1521) and vol.2 (1521–1530) from Google Books. Reprint of Vol.1, Wipf & Stock Publishers (Machi 2006). ISBN 1-59752-601-0
- Gross, Ernie. This Day In Religion. New York:Neal-Schuman Publishers, Inc, 1990. ISBN 1-55570-045-4.
- Malerba Luigi. e maschere, Milan: A. Mondadori, 1995. ISBN 88-04-39366-1
- (Kijerumani) Karl Mittermaier, Die deutschen Päpste. Benedikt XVI. und seine deutschen Vorgänger, 2006
Marejeo mengine
[hariri | hariri chanzo]- Coster, Wim (2003), Metamorfoses. Een geschiedenis van het Gymnasium Celeanum, Zwolle: Waanders, ISBN 90-400-8847-0
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(help) - Creighton, Mandell (1919), A History of the Papacy from the Great Schism to the Sack of Rome, juz. 6, New York: Longmans, Green
- Duke, Alastair (2009), "The Elusive Netherlands: The Question of National Identity in the Early Modern Low Countries on the Eve of the Revolt", katika Duke, Alastair; Pollmann,, Judith; Spicer, Andrew (whr.), Dissident identities in the early modern Low Countries, Farnham: Ashgate Publishers, ku. 9–57, ISBN 978-0-7546-5679-1
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: CS1 maint: extra punctuation (link) - {{citation | last = Frey | first = Rebecca Joyce | author-link = | title = Fundamentalism | publisher = Infobase Publishing | year = 2007 | location = New York| isbn = 0-8160