Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women
Cnovention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women is a convention adopted by United Nations General Assembly on 18 December 1979 and entered into force 3 September 1981 established to prohibit all discrimination against women and to ensure their human rights and freedom on a basis of equality with men. Until now in 2010, all countries have ratified this Conventio, that is, have made promise to realize this Convention except Iran, Nauru, Pala, Somalia, Sudan, Tonga, Niue, United States and Vatican City.
Main Contents
Article 1 Discrimination against women means any distincting, excluding or limitting all kinds of the human rights and freedoms of women.
Article 2 Counitries must prohibit all discrimination against women by anyone or any groups and must change any law to protect women from discriminations.
Article 4 Special measures to promote real equality between men and women and to protect mother women is not discrimination.
Article 5 Abolishment any prejudices and custom which are out of the idea insisting that either sex is inferior or superior or out of stereotyped roles for men and women.
Article 6 Protection women from all forms of human traffic and prostitution.
Article 7 The right to vote of women and to take part in goverment policy.
Article 8 Rights of women to represent their goverment and take part in the work of international organisation.
Article 9 Rights of women to change nationality and in marriage to an alien, women are not changed automatically changed her nationality according to that of the husband and have equal right as men about the nationality of her child.
Aiticle 10 Abolishment discrimination against women in the field of education;
- a) The same conditions for career and guidance for profession
- b) Access to the same education program, the same tests, and teaching staff
- c) To abolish any stereotype of the role of men and women at all levels and all form of education.
- d) The same chance to get scholarships
- g) The same chace to take part in sports
Article 11 1. To abolish discrimination against women in the feild of working
2. To pevent discrimination against women in marriage or being mother, nd ensure their right to work, countries have
- a) to prohibit sanction or dismissal because of being pregnant or maternity leave.
- b) to give maternity leave with pay or social benefits without loss of former profession.
- d) to protect pregnant women form harmful works.
Article 12 Abolishment discrimination in the field of health care.
Article 13
- a) The rights to family benefits
- b) The rights to bank loan and credit card
Article 14 Abolishment discrimination in rural areas.
Article 15 Equality of women with men before law, also in civil matters and legal capacity.
Article 16
- a) The rights to enter into marriage
- b) The same right freely choose a spouse
- c) The same right and responsibility during marriage
- d) The same rights and responsibility as parents
- e) The same rights to decide freely and with responsibility on the number and spacing of their children
- g) The same personal rights as husband and wife, also the right to choose a family name, a profession and work
From Article 19 to 30, about the Commitee that watch the realisation of this Convention by countries. The Commitee is composed of 23 members elected by countries. They must be "of high moral standing". Conutries must submit a national report, at least every four years to the Commitee and the Commitee submit reports to the United Nations Economic and Social Council.
The commitee also give suggestion to the countries on matter about the abolishment of discrimination against women.