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Alvin Karpis along with his partner the Barker Boys {Sons of [[Ma Barker]]) were an infanous gang of Bank Robbers; killers and Kidnappers. |
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[[File:Alvin Karpis.jpg|thumb|Alvin Karpis (pictured in a prison photo after his arrest on May 1, 1936)]] |
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'''Alvin Karpis''' (born '''Albin Francis Karpavičius'''; August 10, 1907 – August 26, 1979) was a [[Canadians|Canadian]]-[[Americans|American]] [[Crime|criminal]]. He was [[Nickname|nicknamed]] "Creepy" because of his smile.<ref name=":2">{{Cite book|title=The Hunt for the Last Public Enemy in Northeastern Ohio: Alvin "Creepy" Karpis and his Road to Alcatraz|last=Thompson|first=Julie|publisher=The History Press|year=2007|asin=}}</ref> In the 1930s he led the Barker-Karpis criminal gang (also called the Barker Boys). |
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The gang committed crimes all over the [[Midwestern United States]]. They were "among the [[Federal Bureau of Investigation|FBI’s]] most hunted [[Gangster|gangsters]]" during the Depression era.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|title=Barker/Karpis Gang|url=https://www.fbi.gov/history/famous-cases/barker-karpis-gang|access-date=2024-09-28|website=FBI.gov}}</ref> |
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Summary of Barker-Karpis gang crimes: |
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Barker was one of only four people that the FBI ever identified as "Public Enemy Number One". |
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== Background= == |
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== Early life == |
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Karpis's parents were John (Jonas) and Anna (Ona) Karpavičius. They had [[Immigration|immigrated]] to Canada from [[Lithuania]], and Karpis was born in [[Montreal]], [[Quebec]]. However, he was raised in [[Topeka, Kansas]]. |
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Karpis committed his first crimes around age 10. At that point, he started spending time with [[Gambling|gamblers]], [[Bootlegging|bootleggers]], and [[Pimp|pimps]].<ref name=":2" /> He became a petty thief at 16 and was a career criminal for the rest of his life. |
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* 1910—Herman Barker arrested for highway robbery in Webb City, Missouri. |
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* March 5, 1915—Herman Barker arrested for highway robbery in Joplin, Missouri. (Herman and Lloyd Barker reportedly involved with the [[Kimes-Terrill Gang#Terrill and the Central Park Gang|Central Park Gang]] of Tulsa, Oklahoma.) |
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* July 4, 1918—Arthur "Doc" Barker involved in US automobile theft in Tulsa, Oklahoma; arrested (#841) (escaped). |
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*1918-1919 Lloyd Barker in US Army {Cook} |
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====1920–1929==== |
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*February 19, 1920—Arthur Barker arrested in Joplin, Missouri (#1740); returned to Tulsa, Oklahoma. |
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*1921—Lloyd "Red" Barker arrested for vagrancy in Tulsa, Oklahoma. |
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*January 15, 1921—Arthur Barker aka "Claude Dade" involved in attempted bank robbery in Muskogee, Oklahoma; arrested (#822). |
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*January 30, 1921—Arthur Barker aka "Bob Barker" received at the Oklahoma State Prison (#11059); released June 11, 1921. |
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*June 17,1921 Lloyd Barker and William Green rob a US Mail Truck Baxter Springs kansas |
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*August 16, 1921—Arthur Barker and Volney Davis involved in killing of night watchman Thomas J. Sherrill in Tulsa, Oklahoma. (According to other sources[1]) Thomas J. Sherrill. was a night watchman at St. John's Hospital in Tulsa.) |
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*January 8, 1922—Central Park Gang involved in attempted burglary in Okmulgee, Oklahoma; shootout results in one burglar dead while police Captain Homer R. Spaulding[2] dies of his wounds on January 19, 1922. One gang member is sentenced to life in prison while another had his sentence overturned. |
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*January 16, 1922—Lloyd Barker received at Leavenworth Prison (#17243) after arrest for robbing mail at Baxter Springs, Kansas and sentenced to 25 years; released 1938. |
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*February 10, 1922—Arthur "Doc" Barker received (#11906) at Oklahoma State Prison for the murder of Sherrill. |
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*1926—Fred Barker robbed bank in Winfield, Kansas; arrested. |
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*March 12, 1927—Fred Barker admitted to Kansas State Prison. |
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*August 1, 1927-Herman Barker cashed stolen bank bonds at the America National Bank in Cheyenne, WY. Sheriff Deputy Arthur Osborn[3] flagged down Barker's car. Barker picked up a gun from the vehicle's seat and shot Osborn. Osborn died as a result. |
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*August 29, 1927—Herman Barker commits suicide in Wichita, Kansas after being stopped at police roadblock. (Wichita Policeman J.E. Marshall[4]) had been killed on August 9, 1927, by the Kimes-Terrill Gang that Herman was associated with. Five other policemen were killed by the Kimes gang.[5] |
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Barker–Karpis gang |
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====1930–1939==== |
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March 30, 1931—Fred Barker released from Kansas State Prison after serving time for burglary; met Alvin Karpis in prison. |
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June 10, 1931—Fred Barker and Alvin Karpis (alias George Heller) arrested by Tulsa, Oklahoma, police investigating burglary. Karpis sentenced to four years but paroled after restitution made; Fred Barker also avoided jail sentence. |
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November 8, 1931—Fred Barker killed an Arkansas police chief Manley Jackson.[6] |
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December 19, 1931—Fred Barker and Alvin Karpis robbed a store in West Plains, Missouri, and involved in the killing of Howell County, Missouri, sheriff C. Roy Kelly.[7] |
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January 18, 1932—Lloyd Barker received at Leavenworth Prison. |
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April 26, 1932—Body of Ma Barker's lover A. W. Dunlap found at Lake Franstead, Minnesota; killed by Fred Barker and Alvin Karpis. |
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June 17, 1932—Fred Barker, Karpis and five accomplices robbed Fort Scott, Kansas Bank. |
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July 26, 1932—Fred Barker, Karpis (with an augmented gang) robbed Cloud County bank at Concordia, Kansas. |
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August 13, 1932—Attorney J. Earl Smith of Tulsa, Oklahoma, found killed at Indian Hills Country Club north of Tulsa; he had been retained to defend Harvey Bailey over the Fort Scott bank robbery, but the man was convicted. |
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On July 25, 1932, Barker, Karpis, DeVol, Jess Doyle and Earl Christman robbed the Cloud County Bank at Concordia, Kansas, and made off with about $250,000 in cash and bonds. |
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On August 18, they pulled a second job at the Second National Bank of Beloit, Wisconsin, for $50,000. |
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September 10, 1932—Arthur "Doc" Barker released from prison.December 16, 1932—Fred and Arthur Barker, Alvin Karpis and gang robbed Third Northwestern National Bank in Minneapolis, killing policemen Ira Leon Evans and Leo Gorski[8] and one civilian. (One gang member Lawrence DeVol in this shooting was also involved in four other police killings-two police officers, Sheriff William Sweet[9] and City Marshal Aaron Bailey,[10] in Washington, Iowa, and Marshall John W. Rose[11] in Kirksville, Missouri, on November 17, 1930, and killing officer Cal Palmer[12] and wounding another officer before being gunned down in Enid, Oklahoma, in 1936.) |
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== Criminal career == |
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April 4, 1933—Fred and Arthur Barker, Alvin Karpis and gang robbed Fairbury, Nebraska, bank. Earl Christman is mortally wounded; a hostage Keith Sexton, a gun salesman Glen Johnson and Deputy Sherriff Bill Davidson are wounded but recover.[13] |
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During his criminal career, Karpis committed at least fifteen [[Bank robbery|bank robberies]], fourteen [[Murder|murders]], three escapes from jail, and two [[Kidnapping|kidnappings]].<ref name=":2" /> |
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April 6,1933 Christman died of wounds at Bank robber Vernon C, Millers home Kansas City Missouri and is buried by the Barkers in a unknown grave[14] |
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Around 1931 he partnered with [[Ma Barker]] and her sons to form the [[Barker-Karpis Gang]]. He has been called "the brains of the gang."<ref name=":0" /> Between 1931-1935 the gang [[Bank robbery|robbed banks]] and [[Train|trains]], [[Murder|murdered]] people, and [[Kidnapping|kidnapped]] two [[Wealth|rich]] [[business]] leaders. They committed crimes throughout the Midwest, in states including [[Illinois]], Kansas, [[Minnesota]], [[Nebraska]], [[Ohio]], and [[Wisconsin]]. |
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June 1933—William Hamm of the Hamm's Brewery family kidnapped by Barker–Karpis gang; Hamm released June 19, 1933, after ransom paid. It is believed by some that the gang turned over half of the Hamm ransom money to the Chicago Mob under Frank Nitti after Nitti discovered that they were hiding Hamm in suburban Chicago and demanded half the ransom as "rent". |
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Lasting for four years, the Barker-Karpis Gang was one of the [[Great Depression|Depression era's]] longest-running gangs. The FBI pursued them aggressively across multiple states, and 25 of the gang's members were eventually imprisoned or killed.<ref name=":0" /> |
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=== Meeting Fred Barker === |
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November 29, 1933-Vernon Miller is found dead near Detriot Michigan |
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Karpis met Fred Barker in [[Kansas]] State Prison. Shortly after they were both released in 1931, they were [[Arrest|arrested]] together by police who suspected [[burglary]]. Karpis was sentenced to four years in prison, but was set free after he made [[wikt:restitution|restitution]]. At the end of 1931, Karpis and Barker robbed a [[Missouri]] store and killed a local [[sheriff]]. |
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=== Bank and train robberies === |
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January 17, 1934—Gang kidnaps Edward George Bremer, Jr.; Bremer released on February 7, 1934, after ransom paid. |
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Karpis and other Barker-Karpis gang members robbed banks in many places. They got away with enormous amounts of cash, but killed a number of people in the process. |
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January 19, 1934—Gang wounds M.C. McCord of Northwest Airways Company, thinking he was a policeman. |
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In July 1932 they robbed a bank in Concordia, Kansas and stole around $250,000 in [[cash]] and [[Bond (finance)|bonds]] (equal to $5.7 million in 2024 [[United States dollar|dollars]]<ref name=":1">{{Cite web|date=2024-09-11|title=Inflation Calculator {{!}} Find US Dollar's Value From 1913-2024|url=https://www.usinflationcalculator.com/|access-date=2024-09-29|website=www.usinflationcalculator.com|language=en-US}}</ref>). Less than a month later they robbed another bank in Beloit, Wisconsin and left with $50,000 (worth around $1.1 million in 2024 dollars<ref name=":1" />). |
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March 10, 1934—Barker gang member Fred Goetz (also known as "Shotgun George" Ziegler, a participant in the Bremer kidnapping) killed by fellow gangsters in Cicero, Illinois. |
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In December 1932 Karpis and his gang killed two police officers and one civilian while robbing a bank in [[Minneapolis|Minneapolis, Minnesota]]. Five months later, the gang robbed another bank in Fairbury, Nebraska, where a gang member named Earl Christman was wounded and later died. Three other people were also hurt in the Fairbury robbery. |
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April 1934-Doc Barker and associate Volney Davis get a surprise visit from John Dillinger and Homer Van Meter, helping them bury their comrade John "Red" Hamilton after Hamilton died from gunshot wounds sustained in a shootout in St. Paul, Minnesota. (Hamilton remains are later found and identified near Oswego Illinois) |
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[[File:Altered Fingerprints of Alvin Karpis.jpg|thumb|Karpis had a doctor remove his [[Fingerprint|fingerprints]] so the FBI could not identify them]] |
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*July 1934—Underworld doctor Joseph Moran last seen alive. |
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In August 1933 Karper and his gang killed one policeman and disabled another during a bank robbery in South St. Paul, Minnesota. The next month, gang members killed another policeman while robbing two bank messengers in [[Chicago]], Illinois. |
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On November 7, 1935 Karpis and five others also robbed an Erie [[Rail transport|Railroad]] [[mail]] train in Garrettsville, [[Ohio]]. |
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=== Murders === |
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*January 6, 1935—Barker gang member William B. Harrison killed by fellow gangsters at Ontarioville, Illinois. |
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In April 1932, Karpis and Fred Barker killed Ma Barker's lover, A.W. Dunlap.<ref name=":3">{{Cite news|date=August 29, 1979|title=Alvin Karpis, Leader Of Ma Barker's Gang Of Robbers in 1930's|pages=19|work=[[The New York Times]]|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1979/08/29/archives/alvin-karpis-leader-of-ma-barkers-gang-of-robbers-in-1930s.html|access-date=September 28, 2024}}</ref> Dunlap's body was found at Lake Franstead, Minnesota. |
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*January 8, 1935—Arthur "Doc" Barker arrested in Chicago; Barker gang member Russell Gibson killed and his colleague Byron Bolton captured at another address. |
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*January 16, 1935—Fred and Ma Barker killed by FBI in Ocklawaha, Florida (Marion County). Ma Barker was discovered by the FBI tracking her letters sent to her other son. She was writing to him to tell him about a large gator in Lake Weir that everyone had called "Gator Joe", which led to the name of the local restaurant known as "Gator Joe's".[17] |
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In September 1935, Karpis may have killed underworld doctor Joseph Moran. He had previously had Moran remove his [[Fingerprint|fingerprints]], so he would leave no fingerprint [[evidence]] when he committed crimes. Moran's body was found in [[Lake Erie]]. |
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*November 7, 1935—Karpis and five accomplices robbed an Erie Railroad mail train at Garrettsville, Ohio. |
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Karpis has been accused of at least 12 other murders.<ref name=":2" /> |
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*May 1, 1936—Karpis and accomplice Fred Hunter arrested in New Orleans, Louisiana. |
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[[File:Fred-barker1.jpg|thumb|Fred Barker, one of Karpis's closest criminal associates. They committed many crimes together.]] |
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*Lloyd Barker paroled |
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*January 13, 1939—Arthur Barker killed trying to escape from Alcatraz Prison. |
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=== Kidnappings === |
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(Of Barker–Karpis gang/associates: 18 arrested; 3 killed by lawmen; 3 killed by gangsters; 1 died of wounds) |
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Karpis and his gang kidnapped two [[Wealth|wealthy]] [[Businessperson|businessmen]] and held them for ransom. They received $300,000 in total from the two kidnappings - an enormous sum equal to over $7 million in 2024 dollars.<ref name=":1" /> |
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Later events |
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*World War II - Lloyd Barker was a US Army cook ironically at A POW camp Fort Custer, Michigan; received US Army Good Conduct Medal and Honorable Discharge. |
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In 1933 the gang kidnapped William A. Hamm, Jr., President of the Theodore Hamm [[Brewing]] Company in St. Paul, Minnesota. They released Hamm after receiving a [[ransom]] of over $100,000 (nearly $2.5 million in 2024 dollars<ref name=":1" />). |
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*March 18, 1949 — Lloyd Barker was manager of Denargo Market in Denver, Colorado; he was murdered by his wife; she was sent to Colorado State Insane Asylum. |
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On January 17, 1934 the gang kidnapped a wealthy banker named Edward George Bremer, Jr., also in St. Paul. They released Bremer three weeks later after his family paid a ransom of $200,000<ref name=":0" /> (around $4.7 million in 2024 dollars<ref name=":1" />). |
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Using new [[technology]], the FBI lifted Karpis's [[Fingerprint|fingerprints]] (and those of other gang members) off of ransom notes from the Hamm kidnapping.<ref name=":0" /> After Bremer's kidnapping, they found another fingerprint; soon they linked Karpis and other members to the kidnapping.<ref name=":0" /> |
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Most of the gang's members were captured or killed after the Bremer kidnapping. In total, 18 Barker-Karpis were arrested; 3 were killed by police; 3 were killed by other gangsters; and 1 (Earl Christman) died of wounds he received during a bank robbery.<ref name=":4">{{Cite book|title=Public Enemies|last=Burrough|first=Bryan|publisher=Penguin Books|year=2005|isbn=0-8253-0019-3}}</ref> |
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== Capture and prison == |
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In 1933 he had Dr. Joseph Moran remove his fingerprints so he could not leave them at crime scenes.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Apoyan|first=Jackie|date=2018-09-21|title=Leave no trace|url=https://themobmuseum.org/blog/leave-no-trace/|access-date=2024-09-29|website=The Mob Museum|language=en-US}}</ref> Moran's work was so effective that Karpis later had difficulty getting a [[passport]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=Joseph P. Moran – Gangster Doctor – Legends of America|url=https://www.legendsofamerica.com/joseph-moran/|access-date=2024-09-29|website=www.legendsofamerica.com}}</ref> |
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The FBI pursued Karpis and the gang's other members aggressively, through multiple states.<ref name=":4" /> On Barker was captured on May 1, 1936 in New Orleans by FBI agents (with [[J. Edgar Hoover]] personally in attendance).<ref name=":4" /> |
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That same year, Karpis was sent to [[Alcatraz Island|Alcatraz]] [[Federal prison|Federal Penitentiary]]. He stayed there for 26 years - longer than anyone else in the prison's history.<ref name=":4" /> |
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== Release and death == |
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Karpis was paroled and released from prison in 1969. He was required to move back to Canada, where he had been born.<ref name=":3" /> |
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On August 26, 1979 he died in [[Spain]] at age 72 from an accidental [[overdose]] of [[Alcoholic drink|alcohol]] and sleeping pills.<ref name=":3" /> |
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<gallery> |
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File:Herman Barker.jpg|Herman Barker |
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File:Arthur Barker.jpg|Arthur Barker |
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File:Fred-barker1.jpg|Fred Barker |
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File:Alvin Karpis.jpg|Alvin Karpis mugshot 1 May 1936 |
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File:Alvin_Karpis_Alcatraz_1958.jpg|Alvin Karpis mugshot 1958 |
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</gallery> |
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== References == |
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{{reflist}} |
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[[Category:American gangsters]] |
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Latest revision as of 08:54, 9 October 2024
 | This article does not have any sources. (May 2024) |
Alvin Karpis (born Albin Francis Karpavičius; August 10, 1907 – August 26, 1979) was a Canadian-American criminal. He was nicknamed "Creepy" because of his smile.[1] In the 1930s he led the Barker-Karpis criminal gang (also called the Barker Boys).
The gang committed crimes all over the Midwestern United States. They were "among the FBI’s most hunted gangsters" during the Depression era.[2]
Barker was one of only four people that the FBI ever identified as "Public Enemy Number One".
Early life
[change | change source]Karpis's parents were John (Jonas) and Anna (Ona) Karpavičius. They had immigrated to Canada from Lithuania, and Karpis was born in Montreal, Quebec. However, he was raised in Topeka, Kansas.
Karpis committed his first crimes around age 10. At that point, he started spending time with gamblers, bootleggers, and pimps.[1] He became a petty thief at 16 and was a career criminal for the rest of his life.
Criminal career
[change | change source]During his criminal career, Karpis committed at least fifteen bank robberies, fourteen murders, three escapes from jail, and two kidnappings.[1]
Around 1931 he partnered with Ma Barker and her sons to form the Barker-Karpis Gang. He has been called "the brains of the gang."[2] Between 1931-1935 the gang robbed banks and trains, murdered people, and kidnapped two rich business leaders. They committed crimes throughout the Midwest, in states including Illinois, Kansas, Minnesota, Nebraska, Ohio, and Wisconsin.
Lasting for four years, the Barker-Karpis Gang was one of the Depression era's longest-running gangs. The FBI pursued them aggressively across multiple states, and 25 of the gang's members were eventually imprisoned or killed.[2]
Meeting Fred Barker
[change | change source]Karpis met Fred Barker in Kansas State Prison. Shortly after they were both released in 1931, they were arrested together by police who suspected burglary. Karpis was sentenced to four years in prison, but was set free after he made restitution. At the end of 1931, Karpis and Barker robbed a Missouri store and killed a local sheriff.
Bank and train robberies
[change | change source]Karpis and other Barker-Karpis gang members robbed banks in many places. They got away with enormous amounts of cash, but killed a number of people in the process.
In July 1932 they robbed a bank in Concordia, Kansas and stole around $250,000 in cash and bonds (equal to $5.7 million in 2024 dollars[3]). Less than a month later they robbed another bank in Beloit, Wisconsin and left with $50,000 (worth around $1.1 million in 2024 dollars[3]).
In December 1932 Karpis and his gang killed two police officers and one civilian while robbing a bank in Minneapolis, Minnesota. Five months later, the gang robbed another bank in Fairbury, Nebraska, where a gang member named Earl Christman was wounded and later died. Three other people were also hurt in the Fairbury robbery.
In August 1933 Karper and his gang killed one policeman and disabled another during a bank robbery in South St. Paul, Minnesota. The next month, gang members killed another policeman while robbing two bank messengers in Chicago, Illinois.
On November 7, 1935 Karpis and five others also robbed an Erie Railroad mail train in Garrettsville, Ohio.
Murders
[change | change source]In April 1932, Karpis and Fred Barker killed Ma Barker's lover, A.W. Dunlap.[4] Dunlap's body was found at Lake Franstead, Minnesota.
In September 1935, Karpis may have killed underworld doctor Joseph Moran. He had previously had Moran remove his fingerprints, so he would leave no fingerprint evidence when he committed crimes. Moran's body was found in Lake Erie.
Karpis has been accused of at least 12 other murders.[1]
Kidnappings
[change | change source]Karpis and his gang kidnapped two wealthy businessmen and held them for ransom. They received $300,000 in total from the two kidnappings - an enormous sum equal to over $7 million in 2024 dollars.[3]
In 1933 the gang kidnapped William A. Hamm, Jr., President of the Theodore Hamm Brewing Company in St. Paul, Minnesota. They released Hamm after receiving a ransom of over $100,000 (nearly $2.5 million in 2024 dollars[3]).
On January 17, 1934 the gang kidnapped a wealthy banker named Edward George Bremer, Jr., also in St. Paul. They released Bremer three weeks later after his family paid a ransom of $200,000[2] (around $4.7 million in 2024 dollars[3]).
Using new technology, the FBI lifted Karpis's fingerprints (and those of other gang members) off of ransom notes from the Hamm kidnapping.[2] After Bremer's kidnapping, they found another fingerprint; soon they linked Karpis and other members to the kidnapping.[2]
Most of the gang's members were captured or killed after the Bremer kidnapping. In total, 18 Barker-Karpis were arrested; 3 were killed by police; 3 were killed by other gangsters; and 1 (Earl Christman) died of wounds he received during a bank robbery.[5]
Capture and prison
[change | change source]In 1933 he had Dr. Joseph Moran remove his fingerprints so he could not leave them at crime scenes.[6] Moran's work was so effective that Karpis later had difficulty getting a passport.[7]
The FBI pursued Karpis and the gang's other members aggressively, through multiple states.[5] On Barker was captured on May 1, 1936 in New Orleans by FBI agents (with J. Edgar Hoover personally in attendance).[5]
That same year, Karpis was sent to Alcatraz Federal Penitentiary. He stayed there for 26 years - longer than anyone else in the prison's history.[5]
Release and death
[change | change source]Karpis was paroled and released from prison in 1969. He was required to move back to Canada, where he had been born.[4]
On August 26, 1979 he died in Spain at age 72 from an accidental overdose of alcohol and sleeping pills.[4]
-
Herman Barker -
Arthur Barker -
Fred Barker -
Alvin Karpis mugshot 1 May 1936 -
Alvin Karpis mugshot 1958
References
[change | change source]- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 Thompson, Julie (2007). The Hunt for the Last Public Enemy in Northeastern Ohio: Alvin "Creepy" Karpis and his Road to Alcatraz. The History Press.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 "Barker/Karpis Gang". FBI.gov. Retrieved 2024-09-28.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 "Inflation Calculator | Find US Dollar's Value From 1913-2024". www.usinflationcalculator.com. 2024-09-11. Retrieved 2024-09-29.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 "Alvin Karpis, Leader Of Ma Barker's Gang Of Robbers in 1930's". The New York Times. August 29, 1979. p. 19. Retrieved September 28, 2024.
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 5.3 Burrough, Bryan (2005). Public Enemies. Penguin Books. ISBN 0-8253-0019-3.
- ↑ Apoyan, Jackie (2018-09-21). "Leave no trace". The Mob Museum. Retrieved 2024-09-29.
- ↑ "Joseph P. Moran – Gangster Doctor – Legends of America". www.legendsofamerica.com. Retrieved 2024-09-29.