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{{Infobox Philosopher
{{Infobox philosopher
| honorific_prefix =
| region = Western Philosophy
| name = Giordano Bruno
| era =
| honorific_suffix =
| color = #B0C4DE
| image = Giordano Bruno.jpg
| image_name = Giordano Bruno Campo dei Fiori.jpg
| image_size =
| image_caption =
| alt =
| name = Giordano Bruno
| caption = Modern portrait based on a woodcut from "Livre du recteur", 1578
| birth = 1548
| other_names =
| death = 17 February 1600
| birth_name = Filippo Bruno
| school_tradition =
| birth_date = {{birth date|1548|01||df=yes}}
| main_interests = Philosophy & Cosmology
| influences = [[Nicolaus Copernicus]], [[Nicolaus Cusanus]]
| birth_place = [[Nola]], [[Kingdom of Naples]]
| death_date = {{death date and age|1600|02|17|1548|01|df=yes}}
| influenced =
| death_place = Rome, [[Papal States]]
| death_cause = [[Execution by burning]]
| residence =
| nationality =
| religion =
| alma_mater =
| notable_works = <!-- use "notable_works" in place of "books" parameter (deprecated) -->
| awards =
| signature =
| signature_size =
| signature_alt =
| era = [[Renaissance philosophy]]
| region = [[Western philosophy]]
| school_tradition = [[Renaissance humanism]]<br>[[Neoplatonism]]<br>[[Neopythagoreanism]]
| institutions =
| main_interests = Philosophy, [[cosmology]], and mathematics
| notable_ideas = [[Cosmic pluralism]]
| influences = [[Averroes]],<ref>{{cite book|title=The Concept of Contraction in Giordano Bruno's Philosophy|publisher=Ashgate Pub.|isbn=978-0754652618|author=Leo Catana|date=2005|quote=When Bruno states in De la causa that matter provides the extension of particulars, he follows Averroes.}}</ref> [[Nicolaus Copernicus]], [[Nicholas of Cusa|Nicolaus Cusanus]]
| influenced = [[Galileo Galilei]], [[James Joyce]], [[Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz]], [[Molière]],<ref>{{cite book|last=Bouvet|first=Molière; avec une notice sur le théâtre au XVIIe siècle, une biographie chronologique de Molière, une étude générale de son oeuvre, une analyse méthodique du "Malade", des notes, des questions par Alphonse|title=Le malade imaginaire; L'amour médecin|date=1973|publisher=Bordas|location=Paris|isbn=978-2-04-006776-2|page=23}}</ref> [[Arthur Schopenhauer]], [[Baruch Spinoza]]
}}
}}
[[File:Relief Bruno Campo dei Fiori n1.jpg|thumb|right|250px|border|The trial of Giordano Bruno by the Roman Inquisition. Bronze relief by Ettore Ferrari]]
[[File:Relief Bruno Campo dei Fiori n1.jpg|thumb|right|300px|border|The trial of Giordano Bruno by the Roman Inquisition. Bronze relief by Ettore Ferrari]]


'''Giordano Bruno''' (1548 – 17 February 1600), born Filippo Bruno, was an [[Italy|Italian]] [[philosopher]], [[priest]], [[mathematician]], and [[astronomer]]. He is best known as believing in the infinity of the universe. His cosmological theories went beyond the [[Copernicus|Copernican]] model.
'''Giordano Bruno''' (January 1548 – 17 February 1600) was an [[Italy|Italian]] friar of the [[Dominican Order]]. He was also a [[philosopher]] and [[mathematician]]. He is best known for believing in the [[infinity]] of the universe. His cosmological theories went beyond the [[Copernicus|Copernican]] model.


Bruno thought the [[Sun]] was just one of an infinite number of independently moving heavenly bodies. He is the first man to have thought the stars we see at night are identical in nature to the Sun. For publishing these and other beliefs, he was burnt at the stake as a [[Heresy|heretic]] by the [[Inquisition]] of the [[Roman Catholic Church]].
Bruno thought the [[Sun]] was just one of an infinite number of independently moving heavenly bodies. He is the first man to have thought the stars we see at night are identical in nature to the Sun. For publishing beliefs contrary to Roman Catholic [[dogma]] about [[transubstantiation]], [[trinity]] and other matters, he was burnt at the stake as a [[Heresy|heretic]] by the [[Inquisition]] of the [[Roman Catholic Church]].


Bruno also wrote extensive works on the art of memory, a loosely organized group of [[mnemonic]] techniques and principles.<ref>Yates, Frances A. 1966. ''The art of memory''.</ref>
Bruno also wrote extensive works on the art of memory, a loosely organized group of [[mnemonic]] techniques and principles.<ref>Yates, Frances A. 1966. ''The art of memory''.</ref>


== The charges ==
== The charges ==
The charges against Bruno were:<ref>Firpo, Luigi 1993. ''Il processo di Giordano Bruno''.</ref>
The Catholic Church made the following [[wikt:accuse|accusations]] against Bruno:<ref>Firpo, Luigi 1993. ''Il processo di Giordano Bruno''.</ref>
* Holding opinions contrary to the [[Catholic]] Faith and speaking against it and its ministers.
* Holding opinions contrary to the [[Catholic]] Faith and speaking against it and its ministers.
* Holding erroneous opinions about the [[Trinity]], about Christ's divinity and [[Incarnation]].
* Holding wrong opinions about the [[Trinity]], about Christ's [[divinity]] and [[Incarnation]].
* Holding erroneous opinions about [[Christ]].
* Holding wrong opinions about [[Christ]].
* Holding erroneous opinions about [[Transubstantiation]] and Mass.
* Holding wrong opinions about [[Transubstantiation]] and Mass.
* Claiming the existence of a plurality of worlds and their eternity.
* Claiming the existence of a plurality of worlds and their eternity.
* Believing in the transmigration of the human soul into brutes.
* Believing in the transmigration of the human [[soul]] into brutes.
* Dealing in magics and divination.
* Dealing in magics and [[divination]].
* Denying the Virginity of Mary.
* Denying the Virginity of Mary.


Bruno did accept and promote [[Copernicus]]' idea that the Earth revolves round the Sun. Many believe this was one of main reasons for his downfall; others think his theological beliefs were more critical.<ref>Yates, Frances A. 1964. ''Giordano Bruno and the hermetic tradition''. Chicago.</ref> In 1584 he published two dialogues which argued for his idea on astronomy.<ref>''De la Causa, Principio, et Uno'' (1584) [http://www.giordanobruno.info/nolano/download.htm Full Italian text, Giordano Bruno.info: Download];
Bruno did accept and promote [[Copernicus]]' idea that the Earth revolves round the Sun. Many believe this was one of main reasons for his downfall; others think his theological beliefs were more critical.<ref>Yates, Frances A. 1964. ''Giordano Bruno and the hermetic tradition''. Chicago.</ref> In 1584 he published two dialogues which argued for his idea on astronomy.<ref>''De la Causa, Principio, et Uno'' (1584) [http://www.giordanobruno.info/nolano/download.htm Full Italian text, Giordano Bruno.info: Download] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110721204053/http://www.giordanobruno.info/nolano/download.htm |date=2011-07-21 }};
''De l'infinito Universo et Mondi'' (1584) [http://www.giordanobruno.info/nolano/download.htm Full Italian text, Giordano Bruno.info: Download];
''De l'infinito Universo et Mondi'' (1584) [http://www.giordanobruno.info/nolano/download.htm Full Italian text, Giordano Bruno.info: Download] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110721204053/http://www.giordanobruno.info/nolano/download.htm |date=2011-07-21 }};</ref> Eight years later he was arrested, and his trial took another eight years. His accusers demanded complete recantation of all his 'erroneous' beliefs. He refused, and went to his death. Later the Inquisition used his example to terrify [[Galileo]] into withdrawing his works from publication.

</ref> Eight years later he was arrested, and his trial took another eight years. His accusers demanded complete recantation of all his 'erroneous' beliefs. He refused, and went to his death. Later the Inquisition used his example to terrify [[Galileo]] into withdrawing his works from publication.
== Related pages ==
* [[Galileo Galilei]]
* [[Heliocentrism]]
* [[Nicolaus Copernicus]]


== References ==
== References ==
{{Reflist}}
{{Reflist}}
{{authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Bruno, Giordano}}

[[Category:1548 births]]
{{BD|1548|1600|Bruno, Giordano}}
[[Category:1600 deaths]]

[[Category:16th-century philosophers]]
[[Category:Italian astronomers]]
[[Category:Italian astronomers]]
[[Category:Italian mathematicians]]
[[Category:Italian philosophers]]
[[Category:Italian Roman Catholics]]
[[Category:Italian writers]]
[[Category:Italian writers]]
[[Category:People executed by burning]]
{{Link GA|lv}}

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[[kk:Джордано Бруно]]
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[[ta:கியோர்டானோ புரூணோ]]
[[te:జోర్డానో బ్రూనో]]
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[[zh:焦爾達諾·布魯諾]]

Latest revision as of 11:56, 14 February 2022

Giordano Bruno
Modern portrait based on a woodcut from "Livre du recteur", 1578
Born
Filippo Bruno

(1548-01-00)January 1548
Nola, Kingdom of Naples
Died17 February 1600(1600-02-17) (aged 52)
Rome, Papal States
Cause of deathExecution by burning
EraRenaissance philosophy
RegionWestern philosophy
SchoolRenaissance humanism
Neoplatonism
Neopythagoreanism
Main interests
Philosophy, cosmology, and mathematics
Notable ideas
Cosmic pluralism
Influences
Influenced
The trial of Giordano Bruno by the Roman Inquisition. Bronze relief by Ettore Ferrari

Giordano Bruno (January 1548 – 17 February 1600) was an Italian friar of the Dominican Order. He was also a philosopher and mathematician. He is best known for believing in the infinity of the universe. His cosmological theories went beyond the Copernican model.

Bruno thought the Sun was just one of an infinite number of independently moving heavenly bodies. He is the first man to have thought the stars we see at night are identical in nature to the Sun. For publishing beliefs contrary to Roman Catholic dogma about transubstantiation, trinity and other matters, he was burnt at the stake as a heretic by the Inquisition of the Roman Catholic Church.

Bruno also wrote extensive works on the art of memory, a loosely organized group of mnemonic techniques and principles.[3]

The charges

[change | change source]

The Catholic Church made the following accusations against Bruno:[4]

  • Holding opinions contrary to the Catholic Faith and speaking against it and its ministers.
  • Holding wrong opinions about the Trinity, about Christ's divinity and Incarnation.
  • Holding wrong opinions about Christ.
  • Holding wrong opinions about Transubstantiation and Mass.
  • Claiming the existence of a plurality of worlds and their eternity.
  • Believing in the transmigration of the human soul into brutes.
  • Dealing in magics and divination.
  • Denying the Virginity of Mary.

Bruno did accept and promote Copernicus' idea that the Earth revolves round the Sun. Many believe this was one of main reasons for his downfall; others think his theological beliefs were more critical.[5] In 1584 he published two dialogues which argued for his idea on astronomy.[6] Eight years later he was arrested, and his trial took another eight years. His accusers demanded complete recantation of all his 'erroneous' beliefs. He refused, and went to his death. Later the Inquisition used his example to terrify Galileo into withdrawing his works from publication.

[change | change source]

References

[change | change source]
  1. ↑ Leo Catana (2005). The Concept of Contraction in Giordano Bruno's Philosophy. Ashgate Pub. ISBN 978-0754652618. When Bruno states in De la causa that matter provides the extension of particulars, he follows Averroes.
  2. ↑ Bouvet, Molière; avec une notice sur le théâtre au XVIIe siècle, une biographie chronologique de Molière, une étude générale de son oeuvre, une analyse méthodique du "Malade", des notes, des questions par Alphonse (1973). Le malade imaginaire; L'amour médecin. Paris: Bordas. p. 23. ISBN 978-2-04-006776-2.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  3. ↑ Yates, Frances A. 1966. The art of memory.
  4. ↑ Firpo, Luigi 1993. Il processo di Giordano Bruno.
  5. ↑ Yates, Frances A. 1964. Giordano Bruno and the hermetic tradition. Chicago.
  6. ↑ De la Causa, Principio, et Uno (1584) Full Italian text, Giordano Bruno.info: Download Archived 2011-07-21 at the Wayback Machine; De l'infinito Universo et Mondi (1584) Full Italian text, Giordano Bruno.info: Download Archived 2011-07-21 at the Wayback Machine;
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