View source for Düsseldorf

{{Foreignchar|ü|Duesseldorf}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=May 2018}}
{{Infobox German location
|Bürgermeistertitel = Oberbürgermeister
|area_metro         = <!-- Metropolitan area, in km². XXX.XX (no commas or other text) -->
|Gemeindeschlüssel  = 05 1 11 000
|Stand              = 2016-03-11
|pop_metro   = 11300000 ([[Rhine-Ruhr]])
|pop_urban   = 1220000<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.duesseldorf.de/fileadmin/Amt12/statistik/stadtforschung/download/Demografie-Monitoring_2013_bis_2018.pdf|title=Demografie-Monitoring Düsseldorf 2013 bis 2018|author=Amt für Statistik und Wahlenlanguage=German|access-date=7 March 2019|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100121110756/http://www.it.nrw.de/statistik/a/daten/amtlichebevoelkerungszahlen/rp1_juni09.html|archive-date=21 January 2010}}</ref>
|year               = <!-- Year founded (not "year of first recorded mention") -->
|name               = Düsseldorf
|type                = City
|image_photo        = {{Photomontage
|position=center
|photo1a=Düsseldorf Panorama.jpg
|photo2a=Düsseldorf Sep 2019 22 09 48 149000.jpeg
|photo2bK21 Staendehaus.jpg
|photo2b=Dus Hafen2.JPG
|photo3a=Düsseldorf - Marina (Parlamentsufer) 04 ies.jpg
|photo3b=Rheinkniebrücke at night.jpg
|photo4a=Düsseldorf Rheinuferpromenade 02.jpg
|photo4aDuesseldorf Old City Panorama.jpg
|size=280
|spacing=2
|color=#FFFFFF
|border=0
|foot_montage=Clockwise from top: Düsseldorf skyline, [[Neuer Zollhof]] at [[Düsseldorf-Hafen|Media Harbour]] at night, [[Rheinturm|Rhine Tower]] and Rhine Knee Bridge at night, riverbank promenade, Düsseldorf Marina, Germany's busiest and [[luxury goods|upscale shopping]] street [[Königsallee]] 
}}
|image_flag         = File:Flagge der Landeshauptstadt Duesseldorf.svg
|image_coa             = DEU Düsseldorf COA.svg
|coordinates        = {{coord|51|14|N|6|47|E|format=dms|display=inline,title}}
|image_plan = North rhine w D.svg
|state         = North Rhine-Westphalia
|region   = Düsseldorf
|district              = urban
|elevation               = 38
|area             = 217.41
|population          = 642304
|postal_code                = 40210-40629
<!-- |PLZ-alt            = 4000 -->
|area_code            = 0211, 0203 (Ortsnetz Duisburg), 02104 (Ortsnetz Mettmann)
|licence                = D
<!-- |NUTS               = DEA11
|LOCODE             = DE DUS -->
|divisions         = 10 districts, 50 boroughs
<!-- |Adresse            = Marktplatz<br/>40213 Düsseldorf -->
|website            = [https://www.duesseldorf.de/ www.Duesseldorf.de]
|mayor      = [[Dr. Stephan Keller]]
|party             = CDU
|ruling_party1      = CDU
|ruling_party2      = Bündnis 90/Die Grünen
|Graf Adolf Strasse=}}'''Düsseldorf''' ({{IPAc-en|UK|ˈ|d|ʊ|s|əl|d|ɔːr|f}}, {{IPAc-en|US|ˈ|dj|uː|s|-}},<ref>{{cite web|title=Dusseldorf|url=https://www.collinsdictionary.com/amp/english/dusseldorf|access-date=February 28, 2019|work=[[Collins English Dictionary]]|publisher=[[HarperCollins]]}}</ref><ref>[https://en.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/us/düsseldorf "Düsseldorf"]{{Dead link|date=September 2022 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} (US) and {{Cite Oxford Dictionaries|Düsseldorf|access-date=February 28, 2019}}</ref><ref>{{Cite Merriam-Webster|Düsseldorf|access-date=February 28, 2019}}</ref> {{IPA-de|ˈdʏsl̩dɔʁf|lang|De-Düsseldorf.ogg}}; [[Low Franconian]] and [[Ripuarian language|Ripuarian]]:{{efn|Ripuarian dialects are only spoken in the very south of the city, south of the [[Benrath line]].}} ''Düsseldörp'' {{IPA-all|ˈdʏsl̩dœɐ̯p|}}; archaic {{lang-nl|Dusseldorp}}, [[Latin]]: ''Dusseldorpium'') is a [[germany|German]] city. It is on the east bank of the river [[Rhine]]. It is the [[Capital (city)|capital]] of the [[States of Germany|state]] of [[North Rhine-Westphalia]]. Düsseldorf has about 600,000 inhabitants. About 1.3 million people live in the city and surrounding areas. The city has one international airport, a university, and the headquarters of many international companies.

== History ==
In the [[7th century|7th]] or [[8th century]] there was a [[fishing]] or [[farming]] settlement at the place where the little river Dussel (which gave the name to the city) flows into the Rhine. Kaiserswerth is the first part of the city to be mentioned in writing. This was in 1135. Kaiserswerth became part of Düsseldorf in 1927.

In 1186 the [[Count]]s of Berg got to rule Düsseldorf and they made it their residence in 1280.
On 14th of August 1288 there was a great battle between the [[Archbishop]] of Cologne and the [[Duke]] of Limburg against the Duke of Brabant and the Count of Berg. The Duke of Brabant won and the Archbishop of Cologne became a prisoner of the Count of Berg. So he could not do anything against Düsseldorf getting the status of a city. So Düsseldorf became a city with full [[City Rights]] in 1288.

The Counts of Berg became more and more powerful and Düsseldorf became the capital of the Duchy of Berg-Mark-Kleve-Jülich in 1380.
in 1680 the Dukes of Berg-Kleve-Mark-Jülich died out and after some struggles the Earls of Palatine (they were Prince-Electors) became the new rulers of Düsseldorf. The most important duke of this line was Johann Wilhelm II. (1690-1716), called Jan Wellem. After Johann Wilhelm the Dukes moved to their new seat in Heidelberg, because they also got to rule the Duchy of Bavaria.

In the [[Napoleonic Wars]] the [[France|French]] won the [[Duchy]] and Düsseldorf. [[Napoleon]] gave the Duchy of Berg-Jülich to one of his [[General officer|generals]], who married one of his nieces. This general became later King of Naples.

In the [[Industrial Revolution]] in the [[19th century]] Düsseldorf grew a lot and had more than 100,000 inhabitants in 1882. This number had doubled by 1892.

Düsseldorf was almost completely destroyed in [[World War II]]. In 1946 Düsseldorf became capital of North Rhine-Westphalia.

== Infrastructure ==
Düsseldorf is one of the most important [[Commerce|commercial]] centres in Germany. It has an [[Düsseldorf International Airport|International Airport]], which is the 3rd largest in Germany (after Frankfurt and Munich) with more than 16,000,000 passengers per year. The [[airport]] offers 180 destinations on 4 continents, and is served by 70 airlines.

Düsseldorf has two stations in the German high speed [[Railway|train]] network (Intercity, ICE) - its Central Station and the Airport Station. The Main Station offers international trains to the [[Netherlands]], [[Belgium]], [[France]] and [[Switzerland]], too.

North Rhine-Westphalia has the closest network of [[motorway]]s in Europe. Düsseldorf is one of the crosspoints. Düsseldorf is joined to the interstate motorways A3, A44, A46, A52, A57, A59 and A524.

== Economy ==
Düsseldorf is one of the most important economical centres in Germany. It has a regional [[stock exchange]].
More than 170 national financial institutions and 130 [[insurance]]s work in Düsseldorf.
Two of the four leading [[mobile phone]] companies of Germany have their seat in Düsseldorf like 18 [[internet]] providers and more than 400 [[advertising]] [[agency|agencies]]. Düsseldorf is one of the European centres of fashion industry and has one of the most important trading shows.
The [[Television|TV]] channels [[CNN]] and [[NBC Giga]] have their German centres in Düsseldorf.
There is a lot of manufacturing industry too – like the chemical company Henkel.
Düsseldorf is the most important seat for [[Japan]]ese companies in Europe.

== Culture ==
Düsseldorf is one of the cultural centres in Germany. The poet [[Heinrich Heine]] was born in Düsseldorf in 1797. The [[classical music]]ians and [[composer]]s [[Clara Schumann|Clara]] and [[Robert Schumann]] lived most of their lifetime in Düsseldorf and the romantic composer [[Felix Mendelssohn-Bartholdy]] spent two years in the town in the mid-1830s.
The [[Kunstakademie Düsseldorf|Arts Academy of Düsseldorf]] is very famous. The modern artist [[Paul Klee]] and the modern sculptor [[Joseph Beuys]] worked there.

Düsseldorf has a lot of [[museum]]s, especially for Arts of the [[20th century|20th]] and the [[21st century]]. Most important is the Arts Collection of North Rhine-Westphalia. "Kraftwerk", the first techno band worldwide and the punk rock band [[Die Toten Hosen]] come from Düsseldorf, too.
Düsseldorf has a university, the [[Heinrich-Heine-University]] with nearly all subjects in [[mathematics]], [[science]]s, [[philosophy]], [[history]], [[language]]s, [[economy]], [[law]], and [[medicine]]. Düsseldorf has also a university of applied sciences, the [[Fachhochschule Düsseldorf]]. These two institutes have almost 30.000 students.
The [[Clara und Robert Schumann Musikschule]] is a well-known college for classical music education. There is one technical college and a lot of other colleges, too.
Düsseldorf has an [[opera]], more than 30 [[cinema]]s, a well-known [[theatre]], and a rich cultural scene.

== Sports ==
The traditional sport in Germany is football ([[soccer]]). For a long time [[Fortuna Düsseldorf 1895]], the most traditional football team in Düsseldorf (est. 1895), was very successful and won, for example, the [[European Cup]], after one year back in the Bundesliga Fortuna went down to the German 2nd division in 2013.
Most successful sports team in Düsseldorf is the [[icehockey]] team of the [[DEG (icehockey)|DEG]] Metro Stars, former DEG - Düsseldorfer Eislauf Gemeinschaft, the most successful icehockey team in Germany for a long time with famous players like John-Peter Lee, Chris Valentine or Helmut de Raaf.
Another very successful sports team from Düsseldorf was [[Rhine Fire]], the American footballers of the city, who won the World Ball four times until the European Football League, called [[NFL Europa]] was closed down in 2007.

==Education in Düsseldorf==
Düsseldorf has one [[university]], the [[Heinrich-Heine-University]] with subjects in sciences, arts, medicine, languages, history, laws, social sciences and economics, an colllege with subjects in [[engineering]] and social siences, the [[Fachhochschule Düsseldorf]], an well-known academy of fine arts, the [[Kunstakademie Düsseldorf]], a musics college, the [[Robert-Schumann-Musikhochschule]] and a lot of other colleges in applied fields.

== Famous people who lived in Düsseldorf ==
* [[Heinrich Heine]], poet
* [[Clara Schumann]], composer and pianist
* [[Robert Schumann]], composer and pianist
* [[Felix Mendelssohn-Bartholdy]], composer
* [[Konrad Henkel]], founder of the Henkel Company
* [[Joseph Beuys]], performance artist
* [[Jürgen Mittelstrass]], philosopher
* [[Wim Wenders]], movie maker
* [[Die Toten Hosen]], punk rock band
*Liú Yángyáng (Yang Yang), kpop artist

==Notes==
{{notelist}}

== References ==
{{reflist}}

== Other websites ==
{{Commons|Düsseldorf}}
* [https://www.duesseldorf.de/ Website of the City of Düsseldorf]
* [https://www.hs-duesseldorf.de/ Website of the Technical College of Düsseldorf]

{{Cities in Germany}}
{{north rhine-westphalia}}
{{authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Dusseldorf}}
[[Category:Düsseldorf| ]]