WO2002072714A1 - Lösung und dispersionen organischer halbleiter - Google Patents
Lösung und dispersionen organischer halbleiter Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2002072714A1 WO2002072714A1 PCT/EP2002/002491 EP0202491W WO02072714A1 WO 2002072714 A1 WO2002072714 A1 WO 2002072714A1 EP 0202491 W EP0202491 W EP 0202491W WO 02072714 A1 WO02072714 A1 WO 02072714A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- solutions
- solvents
- dispersions
- boiling point
- organic semiconductor
- Prior art date
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- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013557 residual solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000008149 soap solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000935 solvent evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000638 solvent extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003595 spectral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010561 standard procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000003011 styrenyl group Chemical class [H]\C(*)=C(/[H])C1=C([H])C([H])=C([H])C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- 238000002207 thermal evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000419 toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000001988 toxicity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010023 transfer printing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008096 xylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003738 xylenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K11/00—Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials
- C09K11/06—Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials containing organic luminescent materials
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/04—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer
- H01L21/34—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer the devices having semiconductor bodies not provided for in groups H01L21/18, H10D48/04 and H10D48/07, with or without impurities, e.g. doping materials
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B33/00—Electroluminescent light sources
- H05B33/12—Light sources with substantially two-dimensional radiating surfaces
- H05B33/14—Light sources with substantially two-dimensional radiating surfaces characterised by the chemical or physical composition or the arrangement of the electroluminescent material, or by the simultaneous addition of the electroluminescent material in or onto the light source
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K10/00—Organic devices specially adapted for rectifying, amplifying, oscillating or switching; Organic capacitors or resistors having potential barriers
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K71/00—Manufacture or treatment specially adapted for the organic devices covered by this subclass
- H10K71/10—Deposition of organic active material
- H10K71/12—Deposition of organic active material using liquid deposition, e.g. spin coating
- H10K71/13—Deposition of organic active material using liquid deposition, e.g. spin coating using printing techniques, e.g. ink-jet printing or screen printing
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K71/00—Manufacture or treatment specially adapted for the organic devices covered by this subclass
- H10K71/10—Deposition of organic active material
- H10K71/12—Deposition of organic active material using liquid deposition, e.g. spin coating
- H10K71/15—Deposition of organic active material using liquid deposition, e.g. spin coating characterised by the solvent used
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2211/00—Chemical nature of organic luminescent or tenebrescent compounds
- C09K2211/14—Macromolecular compounds
Definitions
- the present invention relates to organic solutions and / or dispersions
- Base usually triarylamine-based hole transporter
- Organic integrated circuits (organic ICs) and organic solar cells are well advanced, at least in the research stage, so that a market launch can be expected within the next few years.
- Solid-state laser diodes and organic photodetectors prove. The development of some of these modern applications is already very advanced, but - depending on the application - there is still an immense need for technical improvements.
- OLEDs organic light-emitting diodes
- the high-molecular weight variant (the polymer light-emitting diodes, PLED) is also set to be launched in the near future expect.
- PLED polymer light-emitting diodes
- LCD liquid crystal displays
- the general structure of such PLEDs is given in WO 90/13148. Further configurations of such PLEDs such as passive matrix addressing,
- EP-A-0880303 describes the principle and the use of IJP for the production of PLEDs for the first time. According to EP-A-0880303 a solution of a
- Organic luminescent material or a solution of a corresponding one
- Partitioning and anode contains, applied.
- EP-A-0880303 - apart from three rather problematic formulations - does not teach about the consistency and the presentation of the corresponding solutions. It is only stated that the solutions should have a contact angle between 30 and 170 degrees with the material of the nozzle plate of the IJ print head so that the solution can be printed sensibly. Furthermore, the solutions should have a contact angle between 30 and 170 degrees with the material of the nozzle plate of the IJ print head so that the solution can be printed sensibly. Furthermore, the
- the viscosity of the solution is between 1 and 20 mPa-s (cps), so that on the one hand the concentration of active ingredient is high enough and on the other hand the solution can also be printed using IJP. Finally, the surface tension of the solution should be between 20 and 70 dyne / cm. However, this information does not technically constitute a relevant restriction or
- the specified surface tension range also gives no real information or restriction; most of the organic solvents that can be used have values in the specified range; dissolving polymers does not significantly change these values.
- WO 00/59267 for the first time shows the various problems of solutions for the production of organic films or dots by IJP.
- WO 00/59267 thus describes at least two essential problems:
- Boiling point cause the IJ solutions to dry out in the printhead or on the nozzle or on the nozzle plate. The result of this is that the nozzle can become blocked and the printing process becomes difficult to reproduce.
- Such a system is for an industrial one
- Pixels show a significant deterioration in the OLED device
- WO 00/59267 proposes a mixture of at least two solvents, the first having the properties mentioned above and the second also a lower one
- the high-boiling solvent prevents the solution from drying in the print head (solution to problem 1).
- the high-boiling solvent prevents the solution from drying in the print head (solution to problem 1).
- the substrate or the pixel is heated to temperatures between 40 and 200 ° C. This is initially done under an overpressure of 2 to 100 bar in order to generate a homogeneous solution again. Subsequently, the heat is further reduced under vacuum until all the solvent has been removed.
- Problem 3 When the individual drops of the IJ solutions dry on the substrate, it may happen that the solid substance is distributed homogeneously in the pixel, but the layer thickness of the pixel formed varies greatly. As a rule, the edges of the pixel are significantly higher / lower than the center of the pixel. In the application, the PLED, this now leads to an inhomogeneous light intensity within the pixel and also to the different areas of the pixel degrading at different speeds.
- Problem 4 If the solution dries too slowly in the printed pixels, it can happen when moving the substrate - with technical IJPs the substrate is usually conveyed in one direction - the print head moves vertically so that the solution over the pixel limit (usually the pixels are bounded by walls produced by photolithography). There are also IJP processes in which the substrate moves in both directions and the print head is stationary. This effect is even more drastic here.
- a mixture of the inks is particularly harmful if it mixes different colored pixel solutions. Basically, the undesired layer thickness variations and the resulting inhomogeneities lead to non-reproducible emission behavior.
- the invention relates to solutions and / or dispersions of organic semiconductors, in particular polymeric organic semiconductors, in one
- Solvent mixture of at least 2 different organic solvents characterized in that
- Each of the solvents individually has a boiling point less than 200 ° C and has a melting point of 15 ° C or lower, (2) at least one of the solvents has a boiling point between more than 140 and less than 200 ° C
- the solvents used are not benzene derivatives that contain tert-butyl substituents or more than two methyl substituents.
- Another object of the invention is the use of the solutions and / or dispersions according to the invention to produce layers of the organic semiconductors, in particular polymeric organic semiconductors, on a substrate.
- a preferred embodiment is the use of printing processes for the production of the organic semiconductor layers.
- IJP inkjet printing processes
- the organic layers are yet another object of the invention.
- Layers of the organic semiconductors known per se have already been described in the literature.
- the layers produced by means of the solution or dispersions according to the invention show improved morphological properties compared to the previously described.
- the homogeneity of the layer becomes more organic, inter alia when blends or mixtures are used Semiconductors, the constancy of the layer thickness over the coating surface (e.g. the individual pixel) and the freedom from so-called pin-holes (microscopic holes in the semiconductor layer, but which can lead to fatal device damage) due to the improved application properties of the invention Solutions and dispersions significantly improved.
- solutions are mixtures of solid substances in solvents which are liquid and in which the solids are present in molecular solution, i.e. H. the great majority of the solid molecules are actually dissolved and not in the form of aggregates or nano- or microparticles.
- dispersions are mixtures of solid substances in solvents which are liquid and in which the solids are not in molecularly dissolved form. H. the vast majority of the solid molecules are not in solution but in the form of aggregates or nano- or microparticles.
- the viscosity of the solutions and / or dispersions according to the invention is variable.
- certain coating techniques require the use of certain viscosity ranges.
- a range of approx. 4 to 25 mPa * s is advisable.
- other printing processes e.g. B. gravure process, but can also result in significantly higher viscosity, for example in the range of 20 to 500 mPa * s, advantages.
- Organic semiconductors in the sense of this text are organic or organometallic compounds which - as a solid or as a concrete layer - have semiconducting properties, i.e. H. where the energy gap between the conduction and valence bands is between 0.1 and 4 eV.
- organic semiconductors used in the solutions and / or dispersions according to the invention are not subject to any restriction. According to the invention, both low-molecular organic semiconductors and polymeric semiconductors can be used.
- examples of the organic semiconductors used in the solutions and / or dispersions according to the invention are low molecular weight organic semiconductors based on triarylamines (Proc. SPIE-Int. Soc. Opt. Eng. 1997, 3148, 306-312), aluminum tris- ( ⁇ -hydroxy-quinoline) (Appl. Phys. Lett. 2000, 76 (1), 115-117), pentacenes (Science 2000, 287 (5455), 1022-1023), oligomers (Opt. Mater. 1999,
- polymeric organic or organometallic semiconductors are preferably used in the solutions or dispersions according to the invention.
- WO 97/20877, WO 97/31048, WO 97/39045 disclosed substituted organic spirobifluorenes (PSFs) which are soluble in organic solvents, (iv) which are described in WO 92/18552, WO 95/07955, EP-A-0690086, EP -A-0699699 discloses substituted poly-paraphenylenes (PPPs) which are soluble in organic solvents, (v) the substituted polythiophenes (PTs) which are soluble in organic solvents and are disclosed in EP-A-1028136, WO 95/05937, (vi) the in T. Yamamoto et al., J. Am. Chem. Soc.
- polymeric organic semiconductors used according to the invention can also be used doped and / or as a blend with one another.
- solutions and dispersions according to the invention contain between 0.01 and 20% by weight, preferably between 0.1 and 15% by weight, particularly preferably between
- the organic semiconductor 0.25 and 10% by weight, very particularly preferably between 0.25 and 5% by weight of the organic semiconductor. According to the invention, it is also to use a mixture / blend of more than one organic semiconductor.
- solutions and dispersions according to the invention also contain - as described above - at least two different solvents, at least one of which has a boiling point above 140 and below 200 ° C. It is preferred here if these solvents have different boiling points, the difference in the boiling points is particularly preferably more than 10 ° C., very particularly preferably this difference is more than 20 ° C.
- the ratio of the two solvents to one another can be varied over a wide range.
- the (volume) ratio of the two solvents used should be in the range from 1:99 to 99: 1, preferably in the range from 10:90 to 90:10, particularly preferably in the range from 20:80 to Move 80:20.
- Solvent be solved. If a solvent with a low boiling point is used, problem 1 cannot be solved; if a solvent with a high boiling point is used, 3 to 5 become increasingly difficult to solve.
- the solvents used should have a melting point of 15 ° C. or less can be demonstrated by the fact that the solutions or dispersions may have to be stored for days or months (between manufacture and use) and may also have to be transported. It must be ensured here that the solutions or dispersions remain stable as such and do not freeze out during storage and / or transportation or other adverse storage and / or transportation effects can be observed.
- the solution or dispersion according to the invention must contain at least one solvent which has a boiling point of more than 140 ° C.
- the boiling point is intended to mean the boiling point under normal pressure (1013 mbar). This limit must be set, since it has been proven technically that when solvents with lower boiling points are used, the nozzles dry up within a few seconds after the printing process has ended.
- drying out can be prevented using suitable technical aids (print head moves into waiting position, nozzles are mechanically closed with a cap).
- Boiling point below 140 ° C suitable
- fluorinated or chlorinated aromatics or> o heteroaromatics such as benzene, toluene, xylene and pyridine derivatives, but also ether and cyclic ether derivatives.
- Particularly preferred are the solvents selected in the following table with boiling point below 140 ° C., which have shown surprisingly good dissolving or dispersing properties for organic semiconductors, especially polymeric organic semiconductors.
- Solutions and dispersions according to the invention which contain one or more solvents selected from o-xylene, 2,6-lutidine, 2-fluoro-m-xylene, 3- Fluoro-o-xylene, 2-chlorobenzotrifluoride, dimethylformamide, 2-chloro-6-fluorotoluene, 2-fluoroanisole, anisole, 2,3-dimethylpyrazine, 4-fluoroanisole, 3-fluoroanisole, 3-trifluoromethylanisole, 2-methylanisole, phenetol, 4-methyl anisole, 3-methyl anisole, 4-fluoro-3-methyl anisole, 2-fluorobenzonitrile, 4-fluoro-veratrol, 2,6-dimethyl anisole, 3-fluorobenzonitrile, 2,5-dimethyl anisole, 2,4-dimethyl anisole, Benzonitrile, 3.5-
- solutions and dispersions according to the invention containing one or more solvents selected from 3-fluorobenzotrifluoride, benzotrifluoride, dioxane, trifluoromethoxybenzene, 4-fluorobenzotrifluoride, 3-fluoropyridine, toluene, f 2-fluorotoluene, 2-fluorobenzotrifluoride, 3-fluorotoluene, pyridine, 4-fluorotoluene, 2,5-difluorotoluene, 1-chloro-2,4-difluorobenzene, 2-fluoropyridine, 3-chlorofluorobenzene, 1- Chloro-2,5-difluorobenzene, 4-chlorofluorobenzene, chlorobenzene, 2-chlorofluorobenzene, p-xylene or m-xylene.
- solvents selected from 3-fluorobenzotrifluoride, benzotrifluoride, diox
- solutions and dispersions according to the invention is present when they thicken and gel very quickly when drying (concentrating).
- This effect is particularly preferably to be applied to solutions of polymeric organic semiconductors.
- the viscosity of the solution of the polymer in solvent 1 (lower boiling point) is equal to or less than that of a solution of the polymer in solvent 2.
- a further preferred embodiment can then be to use a solution which contains at least three solvents.
- the "very fast" thickening just explained can be intensified.
- Another object of the invention is thus a solution or dispersion according to the invention, characterized in that at least three different solvents are used.
- a solution or dispersion in the latter solvent should then be very thick or even gel-like. Then an extremely rapid increase in viscosity takes place during thickening.
- the (volume) ratio of the solvents can vary over a wide range.
- the total percentage of the respective solvent mixture is of course always 100%. In the case of solvent mixtures with three or more solvents, there can also be one
- one of the solvents is non-organic, preferably water.
- this further non-organic solvent, preferably water is only used in small amounts.
- water the simple residual moisture of non-dried solvents can already be sufficient to change the properties of the solutions or dispersions.
- the aim is mostly the composition of or the use of solutions or dispersions according to the invention in relation to polymer light-emitting diodes and the corresponding displays.
- O-ICs organic integrated circuits
- OFETs organic field-effect transistors
- OTFTs organic thin-film transistors
- O-SCs organic solar cells
- O-lasers organic laser diodes
- Example 1 Comparative Example; Film formation and device properties created with solutions made of tetralin.
- FIG. 1 shows the absorption spectra of two poly-arylene-vinylene films (polymer A, see Table 2), which were produced in an identical manner by spin coating a tetralin solution on glass substrates of 3 ⁇ 3 cm. The layer thicknesses vary by a factor of 2 even on a substrate. In order to obtain homogeneous films, the films had to be left on the spin coater for 12 minutes and then baked at 120 ° C.
- Example 2 Comparative Examples; Storage stability of polymer solutions Solution of polymer A in tetralin (solution 1)
- solution 2 Solution of polymer A in cumene (solution 2)
- solution of polymer A in anisole / o-xylene (v: v 1: 1)
- solution 3 note: polymer A; see Table 2 under Example 3)
- the solutions were all prepared in parallel and in the same way.
- the solid polymers (approx. 7.5 g / l) were dissolved under protective gas for approx. 30 h at approx. 65 ° G, treated further, filtered and stored in sealed containers under protective gas.
- the properties of the solutions were examined directly after filtration (solutions 1, 2, 3) and 90 days (solutions 1a, 2a, 3a) later.
- Example 3 Comparative Example; Solubility of two conjugated polymers in different solvents
- Example 2 As in Example 2, various solutions (concentration here: approx. 5 g / l) were prepared, and in this case this solution consistency was measured directly. The results are summarized in Table 2. For polymer A, the individual gel curves (course of the
- Viscosity as a function of temperature is also shown in FIG. 3.
- Polymer A PPV derivative WO 99/24526, polymer according to: poly [(2- (3 ', 4'-bis (2-methylpropyloxy) phenyl) -p-phenylene vinylene) co (2- (3, 4'- bis (2-methylbutyloxy)) phenyl) -5-methoxy-p-phenylene vinylene) co ((2- (2,5-dimethylphenyl) -5-methoxy-p-phenylene vinylene]; M w - 1,000,000, M n ⁇ 310,000 See also Figure 3.
- Polymer B PF derivative according to WO 00/22026; polymer according to structure P2
- solution 5 according to the invention and even better solutions 6 and 7 according to the invention, showed a significantly faster thickening in comparison to solution 4, which contained only one solvent.
- Example 5 Drying of a solution according to the invention, containing a polymer blend.
- quartz glasses were simply coated with the above blend using spin coating. The films produced optically looked clear and without any recognizable structuring. PL spectra of 5 different points each with 4 different glasses were also made. These each showed the same PL spectrum (that of polymer A). • Then small drops of the solution (5 - 10 ⁇ l) were applied to carrier glasses and their drying was monitored under a polarizing microscope. No phase separation could be determined here.
- LEDs were produced using the general process outlined below. In individual cases, of course, this had to be adapted to the respective circumstances (e.g. polymer viscosity and optimum layer thickness of the polymer in the device).
- two-layer systems i.e. H. Substrate // ITO // conductive 10 polymer / 7 light-emitting polymer / V-cathode manufactured.
- ITO-coated substrates e.g. glass substrates, PET film, but also complex substrates, circuits for an active matrix control
- ITO-coated substrates e.g. glass substrates, PET film, but also complex substrates, circuits for an active matrix control
- they will - unless this has already been done 5 in advance is - cleaned in several cleaning steps in an ultrasonic bath (e.g. soap solution, Millipore water, isopropanol).
- soap solution e.g. soap solution, Millipore water, isopropanol
- N 2 gun blown off with an N 2 gun and stored in a desiccator.
- an ozone plasma device for about 20 minutes.
- the corresponding solution or dispersion of the respective polymer is either spun on with a spin coater or also applied by pressure (e.g. IJP).
- the methods are preferably also used in such a way that the conductive polymers have layer thicknesses in the range from 20 to 200 nm and the emitting polymers have layer thicknesses in the range from 50 to 100 nm.
- the transparent ITO electrode as the anode and the metal electrode (e.g. Ca, Yb, Ba, or electrodes consisting of several layers) as the cathode are contacted and the device parameters are determined.
- the transparent ITO electrode as the anode and the metal electrode (e.g. Ca, Yb, Ba, or electrodes consisting of several layers) as the cathode are contacted and the device parameters are determined.
- the holes are injected from the anode and electrons from the cathode into the device, which meet in the device and generate an excited state. This can decay while emitting light. This light is emitted through the transparent anode.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
- Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electroluminescent Light Sources (AREA)
- Inks, Pencil-Leads, Or Crayons (AREA)
- Liquid Deposition Of Substances Of Which Semiconductor Devices Are Composed (AREA)
- Thin Film Transistor (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (6)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP02703624A EP1370619B1 (de) | 2001-03-10 | 2002-03-07 | Lösung und dispersionen organischer halbleiter |
DE50207293T DE50207293D1 (de) | 2001-03-10 | 2002-03-07 | Lösung und dispersionen organischer halbleiter |
US10/469,334 US6994893B2 (en) | 2001-03-10 | 2002-03-07 | Solutions and dispersions of organic semiconductors |
KR1020037011798A KR100939468B1 (ko) | 2001-03-10 | 2002-03-07 | 유기 반도체 용액 및 분산액 |
JP2002571775A JP4307839B2 (ja) | 2001-03-10 | 2002-03-07 | 有機半導体の溶液および分散液 |
US11/345,263 US7405255B2 (en) | 2001-03-10 | 2006-02-02 | Solutions and dispersions of organic semiconductors |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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DE10111633 | 2001-03-10 | ||
DE10111633.0 | 2001-03-10 |
Related Child Applications (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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US10469334 A-371-Of-International | 2002-03-07 | ||
US11/345,263 Continuation US7405255B2 (en) | 2001-03-10 | 2006-02-02 | Solutions and dispersions of organic semiconductors |
Publications (1)
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WO2002072714A1 true WO2002072714A1 (de) | 2002-09-19 |
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PCT/EP2002/002491 WO2002072714A1 (de) | 2001-03-10 | 2002-03-07 | Lösung und dispersionen organischer halbleiter |
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US (2) | US6994893B2 (de) |
EP (1) | EP1370619B1 (de) |
JP (1) | JP4307839B2 (de) |
KR (2) | KR20080110928A (de) |
CN (1) | CN100357370C (de) |
DE (1) | DE50207293D1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2002072714A1 (de) |
Cited By (174)
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WO2003019693A2 (de) * | 2001-07-21 | 2003-03-06 | Covion Organic Semiconductors Gmbh | Lösungen organischer halbleiter |
JP2005007391A (ja) * | 2003-05-28 | 2005-01-13 | Hc Starck Gmbh | 有機半導電性化合物を含有する溶液、その使用、半導電性化合物を含有する層および該層の使用 |
JP2005064122A (ja) * | 2003-08-08 | 2005-03-10 | Ricoh Co Ltd | 有機半導体形成用インク、有機半導体パターン形成方法、電子素子および電子素子アレイ |
WO2005041322A1 (en) * | 2003-09-30 | 2005-05-06 | Osram Opto Semiconductors Gmbh | Solvent mixtures for an organic electronic device |
WO2005083814A1 (de) * | 2004-02-18 | 2005-09-09 | Merck Patent Gmbh | Lösungen organischer halbleiter |
WO2005089026A1 (ja) * | 2004-03-11 | 2005-09-22 | Idemitsu Kosan Co., Ltd. | 有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子、その製造方法及び有機溶液 |
WO2005112145A1 (de) * | 2004-05-11 | 2005-11-24 | Merck Patent Gmbh | Lösungen organischer halbleiter |
JP2006137945A (ja) * | 2004-10-15 | 2006-06-01 | Sumitomo Chemical Co Ltd | 溶液組成物およびそれを用いた高分子発光素子 |
US7108805B2 (en) | 2001-12-04 | 2006-09-19 | Agfa Gevaert | Composition containing a polymer or copolymer of a 3,4-dialkoxythiophene and non-aqueous solvent |
US7122130B2 (en) | 2001-12-04 | 2006-10-17 | Agfa Gevaert | Composition containing a polymer or copolymer of a 3,4-dialkoxythiophene and non-aqueous solvent |
EP1791197A2 (de) * | 2005-11-25 | 2007-05-30 | Seiko Epson Corporation | Elektrochemische Zellenstruktur und dessen Herstellung |
WO2007145979A2 (en) * | 2006-06-05 | 2007-12-21 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Liquid composition for deposition of organic active materials in the field of oled printing |
EP1932866A1 (de) | 2003-02-06 | 2008-06-18 | MERCK PATENT GmbH | Blends enthaltend konjugierte Carbazol-Polymere, deren Darstellung und Verwendung |
US7501308B2 (en) | 2005-04-01 | 2009-03-10 | Seiko Epson Corporation | Method of depositing polythiophene semiconductor on a substrate |
US7510672B2 (en) | 2004-05-18 | 2009-03-31 | Merck Patent Gmbh | Formulation for ink-jet printing comprising semiconducting polymers |
WO2009053088A1 (de) | 2007-10-24 | 2009-04-30 | Merck Patent Gmbh | Optoelektronische vorrichtung |
WO2010021921A1 (en) * | 2008-08-20 | 2010-02-25 | Plextronics, Inc. | Improved solvent system for fabrication of organic solar cells |
DE102008045664A1 (de) | 2008-09-03 | 2010-03-04 | Merck Patent Gmbh | Optoelektronische Vorrichtung |
DE102008044868A1 (de) | 2008-08-29 | 2010-03-04 | Merck Patent Gmbh | Elektrolumineszierende Polymere, Verfahren zu ihrer Herstellung sowie ihre Verwendung |
DE102008045663A1 (de) | 2008-09-03 | 2010-03-04 | Merck Patent Gmbh | Fluorverbrückte Assoziate für optoelektronische Anwendungen |
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US20060127592A1 (en) | 2006-06-15 |
US7405255B2 (en) | 2008-07-29 |
JP4307839B2 (ja) | 2009-08-05 |
KR100939468B1 (ko) | 2010-01-29 |
DE50207293D1 (de) | 2006-08-03 |
US6994893B2 (en) | 2006-02-07 |
KR20030092017A (ko) | 2003-12-03 |
CN100357370C (zh) | 2007-12-26 |
EP1370619A1 (de) | 2003-12-17 |
EP1370619B1 (de) | 2006-06-21 |
US20040225056A1 (en) | 2004-11-11 |
JP2004535653A (ja) | 2004-11-25 |
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CN1531579A (zh) | 2004-09-22 |
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