Lihat sumber bagi Terusan Suez

[[Fail:SuezCanal-EO.JPG|thumb|180px|Terusan Suez, dilihat dari orbit Bumi.]]

'''Terusan Suez''' atau '''Terusan Suways''' ({{Jawi|تروسن سويز}} atau {{Rtl-lang|ms|تروسن سويس}}; {{Lang-ar|قناة السويس|translit=Qanāt al-Suways}}) merupakan [[terusan]] buatan manusia yang terbesar di dunia merentasi [[Ismus Suez]] dari [[Port Said]] di [[Laut Mediterranean]] ke [[Pelabuhan Tewfik]] di bandar [[Suez]] menghadap [[Laut Merah]] di [[Semenanjung Sinai]], dua-dua dalam negara [[Mesir]]; panjang ia 163 kilometer (101 batu) dan lebarnya 300 m (984 kaki). Terusan tersebut terdiri daripada dua bahagian iaitu bahagian utara dan selatan tasik besar Bitter yang menyambungkan Laut Tengah sehingga ke Teluk Suez di Laut Merah.

Sebanyak lebih 18,500 buah kapal dagang melalui terusan ini pada tahun 2020, dengan kadar rata-rata 51.5 buah kapal sehari.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Yeung |first1=Jessie |title=Suez Canal authorities need to remove up to 706,000 cubic feet of sand to free the Ever Given |url=https://www.cnn.com/2021/03/25/middleeast/suez-canal-ship-sand-intl-hnk/index.html |access-date=26 Mac 2021 |work=CNN |date=26 Mac 2021 |archive-date=26 Mac 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210326183954/https://www.cnn.com/2021/03/25/middleeast/suez-canal-ship-sand-intl-hnk/index.html |url-status=live }}</ref>{{update after|2021}}

Terusan ini membenarkan [[laluan air]] dua hala antara [[Eropah]] dan [[Asia]] tanpa perlu mengelilingi benua [[Afrika]] lalu menjadi kepentingan dua-dua rantau benua ini. Sebelum pembukaannya dalam tahun [[1869]], barang dagangan dipunggah keluar dari kapal dan diangkut melalui kenderaan darat di antara dua laut tersebut.

== Sejarah ==
===Pembinaan===
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=== Semasa Perang-Perang Dunia ===
Terusan ini yang saat itu berada di bawah kekuasan [[Empayar British|British]] menjadi sasaran serangan bersama pasukan-pasukan [[Jerman]] dan [[Empayar Uthmaniyah|Turki Uthmaniyah]] kerana kedudukan ia yang sangat strategis menghubungkan laut-laut [[Laut Tengah|Tengah]] dan [[Laut Merah|Merah]] lalu direbutkan antara pihak Sekutu dan Paksi.<ref>{{cite encyclopedia|author1=Taufik Adi Susilo|encyclopedia=Ensiklopedi Pengetahuan Dunia Abad 20|title=Terusan Suez|publisher=Javalitera|location=Yogyakarta|year=2010|page=62}}</ref>

=== Krisis Suez ===
{{Main|Krisis Suez}}
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=== Semasa konflik Arab-Israel ===
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=== Abad ke-21 ===
Pada 23 Mac 2021 jam 05:40 [[Waktu Universal Selaras|UTC]] atau 07:40 waktu tempatan),<ref name=":0">{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-56505413|title=Egypt's Suez Canal blocked by huge container ship|date=2021-03-24|access-date=24 Mac 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210323234228/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-56505413|archive-date=23 Mac 2021|work=BBC News|language=en-GB|url-status=live}}</ref> suatu [[kapal kontena]] [[kelas Golden]] bernama ''[[Ever Given]]''<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.maritimebulletin.net/2021/03/23/mega-container-ship-hard-aground-in-suez-canal/|title=Mega container ship hard aground in Suez Canal|last=Schkvarkin|first=Erofey|date=23 Mac 2021|website=Maritime Bulletin|language=en-US|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210323204248/http://www.maritimebulletin.net/2021/03/23/mega-container-ship-hard-aground-in-suez-canal/|archive-date=23 Mac 2021|access-date=23 Mac 2021}}</ref> dikendalikan [[Evergreen Marine]] [[Gangguan Terusan Suez 2021|terkandas]] akibat suatu tiupan angin kuat dalam laluan terusan di pertenngahan jalan dari Cina ke Belanda<ref name=":0" /> sehingga menyekat bahagian tunggal<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2021-03-24/suez-canal-blockage-closer-to-resolution-on-efforts-to-move-ship|title=Suez Canal Stays Blocked Despite Efforts to Free Stuck Ship|date=2021-03-24|access-date=2021-03-24|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210326235941/https://www.bloomberg.com/tosv2.html?vid=&uuid=5436b0f0-8e8f-11eb-832b-0f82759c1da4&url=L25ld3MvYXJ0aWNsZXMvMjAyMS0wMy0yNC9zdWV6LWNhbmFsLWJsb2NrYWdlLWNsb3Nlci10by1yZXNvbHV0aW9uLW9uLWVmZm9ydHMtdG8tbW92ZS1zaGlw|archive-date=26 Mac 2021|work=Bloomberg.com|language=en|url-status=live}}</ref> laluan tersebut.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://apnews.com/article/dubai-united-arab-emirates-egypt-suez-canal-africa-5957543bb555ab31c14d56ad09f98810|title=Massive cargo ship becomes wedged, blocks Egypt's Suez Canal|date=2021-03-24|website=AP NEWS|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210324125712/https://apnews.com/article/dubai-united-arab-emirates-egypt-suez-canal-africa-5957543bb555ab31c14d56ad09f98810|archive-date=24 Mac 2021|access-date=2021-03-24}}</ref><ref name=":0" /> Kejadian ini banyak menjejaskan perdagangan minyak<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/business/suez-canal-blockage-global-trade-impact-b1821706.html|title=How will Suez Canal blockage impact global trade?|date=2021-03-24|website=The Independent|language=en|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210327124322/https://www.independent.co.uk/news/business/suez-canal-blockage-global-trade-impact-b1821706.html|archive-date=27 Mac 2021|access-date=25 Mac 2021}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.nbcnews.com/business/economy/massive-container-ship-blocking-suez-could-delay-shipments-raise-gas-n1261950|title='Anything you see in the stores' could be affected by Canal logjam, shipping experts say|website=NBC News|language=en|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210325045425/https://www.nbcnews.com/business/economy/massive-container-ship-blocking-suez-could-delay-shipments-raise-gas-n1261950|archive-date=25 Mac 2021|access-date=25 Mac 2021}}</ref> dan barangan yang ditampung kapal-kapal menyusul yang tidak mampu meneruskan perjalanan sehingga dikhuatiri mampu mejejaskan ekonomi dunia secara drastik.

== Pengendalian ==
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== Lihat juga ==
* [[Suezmax]]

== Rujukan ==
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{{tunas-kejuruteraan}}
{{tunas-ekonomi}}
{{tunas-Mesir}}
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[[Kategori:Terusan Suez]]
[[Kategori:Terusan]]